1.5微米大气探测激光雷达研究进展（特邀）

激光雷达拥有探测距离远、探测精度高、时空分辨率高、探测参数多样等优点,是大气探测的重要手段。对比常见的可见光波段激光雷达,1.5 μm大气探测激光雷达有独特优势,包括人眼安全、全光纤结构、穿透云雾能力强和昼夜连续探测等。2015年,世界首台单光子频率上转换气溶胶探测激光雷达诞生,实现了6 km距离高时空分辨率的气溶胶分布连续探测。在此之后,1.5 μm大气探测激光雷达在国内外迅速发展。按照探测方式区分,1.5 μm大气探测激光雷达进展分为直接探测激光雷达和相干探测激光雷达两类。直接探测激光雷达包括单光子频率上转换激光雷达、单光子频率上转换测风雷达、超导双频测风激光雷达、超导偏振激光雷达、多模单光子探测云激光雷达和单光子光谱遥感激光雷达。相干探测激光雷达包括偏振探测相干激光雷达、格雷编码相干测风激光雷达和大气多参数探测相干激光雷达。这些雷达的探测目标包括大气气溶胶（云）、能见度、偏振、风廓线、湍流耗散率、气体浓度、降水（雨滴谱）,并且单台雷达拥有多参数同时探测的能力。     

磷酸盐激光玻璃中铂颗粒密度与氧化还原平衡关系的研究

用吸收光谱法研究了Ｒ２Ｏ—ＢａＯ—Ｐ２Ｏ５系统磷酸盐激光玻璃中铂颗粒密度与铭的氧化还原平衡的关系。结果表明，玻璃中铂颗粒密度随平衡向右移动而减小；玻璃中平衡随熔炼气氛中氧分压增大、熔炼温度升高而向右移动，当足够大时，铂颗粒不能形成。     

In Situ Deformation Topology of COFs with Shortened Channels and High Redox Properties for Li–S Batteries

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with various topologies are typically synthesized by selecting and designing connecting units with rich shapes. However, this process is time-consuming and labour-intensive. Besides, the tight stacking of COFs layers greatly restrict their structural advantages. It is crucial to effectively exploit the high porosity and active sites of COFs by topological design. Herein, for the first time, inducing in situ topological changes in sub-chemometric COFs by adding graphene oxide (GO) without replacing the monomer, is proposed. Surprisingly, GO can slow down the intermolecular stacking and induce rearrangement of COFs nanosheets. The channels of D- [4+3] COFs are significantly altered while the stacking of periodically expanded framework is weakened. This not only maximizes the exposure of pore area and polar groups, but also shortens the channels and increases the redox activity, which enables high loading while enhancing host-guest interactions. This topological transformation to exhibit the structural features of COFs for efficient application is an innovative molecular design strategy.     

m序列置乱对数字混沌序列性能的影响

采用m序列变换对数字混沌序列进行位置置乱,并用计算机(Matlab)进行仿真,作了相应的实验数据分析,并研究了置乱参数对改进序列性能的作用。结果表明采用置换法来改善数字混沌序列的性能是可行的。     

IEEE 802.16m——IMT-Advanced候选方案

在2009年10月ITU-R WP5D#6的会议上,IEEE 802.16m作为IMT-Advanced候选提案提交ITU。本文对IEEE802.16m候选方案的主要技术特点、性能评估进行介绍。     

Cognitive amplify‐and‐forward relay networks with beamforming under primary user power constraint over Nakagami‐m fading channels

In this paper, we analyze the performance of cognitive amplify‐and‐forward (AF) relay networks with beamforming under the peak interference power constraint of the primary user (PU). We focus on the scenario that beamforming is applied at the multi‐antenna secondary transmitter and receiver. Also, the secondary relay network operates in channel state information‐assisted AF mode, and the signals undergo independent Nakagami‐m fading. In particular, closed‐form expressions for the outage probability and symbol error rate (SER) of the considered network over Nakagami‐m fading are presented. More importantly, asymptotic closed‐form expressions for the outage probability and SER are derived. These tractable closed‐form expressions for the network performance readily enable us to evaluate and examine the impact of network parameters on the system performance. Specifically, the impact of the number of antennas, the fading severity parameters, the channel mean powers, and the peak interference power is addressed. The asymptotic analysis manifests that the peak interference power constraint imposed on the secondary relay network has no effect on the diversity gain. However, the coding gain is affected by the fading parameters of the links from the primary receiver to the secondary relay network. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Novel Flexible Hybrid Battery–Supercapacitor Based on a Self‐Assembled Vanadium‐Graphene Hydrogel

A novel flexible hybrid battery–supercapacitor device is proposed consisting of high specific surface area electrodes paired with an electrolyte, which contains a redox species that can exist in more than two oxidation states. The two initially equal half‐cells of the device consist of a reduced graphene oxide hydrogel which encapsulates vanadium ions, synthesized with a single‐step method. During charge, the oxidation state of the vanadium ions changes, resulting in two half‐cells with different potentials which considerably increases the energy density. The achieved maximum capacity of more than 225 mAh g^?1 is roughly eight times higher than that of comparable graphene hydrogel supercapacitors without vanadium content, but the potentiostatic charging time is only double. Operated as a supercapacitor, it retains 95% of the initial capacitance over 1000 cycles. As battery, the losses are more significant, retaining around 50% of the initial capacity. However, these losses during battery operation can be almost entirely restored by electric measures. The vanadium ion addition also improves the self‐discharge characteristics of the device. Moreover, the self‐discharge does not permanently damage the hybrid device since both half‐cells initially consist of the same vanadium graphene hydrogel and discharging resets it to initial conditions.     

Cyberbullying,cyber aggression and their impact on the victim – The teacher

This paper focuses on the results of the national research of cyberbullying of Czech teachers, which was realized in year 2016 in the entire Czech Republic. The research focused on impact of cyberbullying on teachers – especially in emotional, physiological and behavioural area. The research involved a total of 5136 primary and secondary school teachers from all regions of the Czech Republic. The research has shown that a fifth of respondents (21.73%) has experienced a cyber-attack on their person, however cyberbullying during the last 12 months lasting over 1 week was confirmed only by 3.52% of the total number of respondents.     

Real‐Time Imaging of Nanoscale Redox Reactions over Bimetallic Nanoparticles

The catalytic performance of bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) strongly depends on their structural and compositional changes under reaction conditions. At the fundamental level, these changes are driven by redox reactions that occur on the surface of the NPs. The degree of complexity in the redox reactions is further amplified in bimetallic NPs because both metals can have their own reactions with the reactant molecules, in addition to any synergistic effects between the metal nanocatalysts and their reducible oxides. Here, the gas phase oxidation and reduction reactions, and the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) over Pt–Ni rhombic dodecahedron NPs with segregated Pt frames and Pt–Ni alloy NPs are investigated using in situ gas cell transmission electron microscopy. The real‐time observations show that NiO shell formation and Pt segregation are two important features during the oxidation and reduction of Pt–Ni NPs, respectively. Moreover, the two types of NPs evolved in different ways. By combining high‐resolution imaging, mass spectroscopy, and modeling, it is shown that the evolution of NP morphology and composition during redox reactions plays an important role in controlling the catalytic activity of the NPs.     

气溶胶雷达比和波长指数的仿真研究

为深入研究气溶胶光散射特性,以米散射理论和粒谱分布为基础,仿真计算了多种气溶胶的雷达比和波长指数,研究了二者与入射光波长、气溶胶尺寸及复折射率之间的关系,仿真结果表明水云和雾在355 nm、532 nm和1064 nm波长的激光雷达比均约为19 sr,波长指数的绝对值很小,表明消光系数与波长之间不存在明显的依存关系.大陆型气溶胶的雷达比与其中soot型气溶胶的含量正相关,这与soot型气溶胶的强吸收性有关.大陆型气溶胶在532 nm波长的雷达比最大,在355 nm和1064 nm的雷达比相对较小.大陆型气溶胶的消光系数随波长增加而减小,其波长指数的平均值约为1.3.