砂土地基上圆形浅基础三维破坏包络面的理论研究

对砂土地基上圆形浅基础在竖向荷载V 、水平荷载 H 及力矩 M 复合加载条件下的承载力进行了系统的三维有限元分析。在分析中,砂土假定为纯摩擦材料,遵循基于 Mohr-Coulomb 破坏准则的理想弹塑性本构关系。首先,对圆形浅基础的竖向承载力进行了有限元计算,并与滑移线解法进行了对比,两种方法所得结果比较吻合。进而探讨了砂土内摩擦角对于基础在 V-H 、V-M荷载平面与V-H-M 三维荷载空间内的破坏包络轨迹的影响。计算结果表明,与不排水情况下软黏土地基上基础破坏包络面相比,砂土地基上圆形浅基础的破坏包络面形状有较大差异,但V-H 和V-M 平面内的破坏包络面形状仍具有较好的归一化特性。基于有限元计算结果,建立了圆形浅基础在V-H-M 三维荷载空间内的破坏包络面方程,该方程可用来合理评价复合加载条件下砂土地基上圆形浅基础的整体稳定性。     

TC4钛合金表面氧化皮去除

针对TC4钛合金在热成形过程中其表面易形成一层致密的氧化皮且氧化皮的表面形貌和厚度均受温度影响这一现象,采用先热碱洗后酸洗的工艺过程对TC4钛合金在不同温度下氧化后的氧化皮去除工艺进行了研究.采用光学显微镜对氧化皮形貌进行表征,研究了时间对去除氧化皮的影响,且通过国际上较先进的美国LECO公司RH-404定氢仪对去除氧化皮后钛合金的氢质量分数进行了测定.结果表明,通过采用先热碱洗后酸洗的过程,TC4钛合金表面的氧化皮可以完全被去除.此外,通过RH-404定氢仪测得合金中氢质量分数的变化不大.     

黄河小浪底调水调沙试验数学建模简

黄河小浪底调水调沙是治黄管理的重要措施。通过对实测流量和排沙量变化过程的分析,依据插值和拟合数学理论,结合matlab得到排沙量与时间、流量的函数关系式,并进行数值分析验证,对调水调沙试验的效果进行了理论分析。     

西北风沙地区输电导线侵蚀及起晕电压实验模拟研究

针对西北地区风沙侵蚀输电导线现象,研究了导线粗糙度与起晕电压关系,在闭式风道内模拟了输电导线在第一年服役内受强沙尘暴侵蚀过程,并做了侵蚀铝棒的对照实验。用光切显微镜测量了表面粗糙度,电晕笼测量系统测量了起晕电压,再对实验数据插值与拟合处理,分析认为,导线粗糙度随风沙侵蚀呈增大趋势,而起晕电压在试验前期升高,试验中期起伏变化,后期与粗糙度呈负相关关系,即导线起晕电压随着粗糙度增大而降低。     

砂堆雪崩幂律分布现象的解释

自组织临界性的提出者Per Bak认为,处于临界状态砂堆雪崩呈现幂律分布,可作为广延耗散动力系统自组织临界性存在的证据。采用真实砂堆试验和元胞自动机砂堆模拟两种方法进行研究,提出处于亚临界状态的砂堆,在向临界状态演化的过程中,砂堆在亚临界状态发生众多小规模的雪崩,越接近临界状态,系统的波动越强,大规模的雪崩也时而发生,因此在从亚临界状态向临界状态演化的过程之中,大规模雪崩的发生次数少,小规模雪崩发生的次数多,雪崩发生的规模也呈现幂律分布,并认为这种情况更具普适性。     

Sand corrosion,thermal expansion,and ablation of medium- and high-entropy compositionally complex fluorite oxides

Sand corrosion, thermal expansion, and ablation properties of a new class of medium- and high-entropy compositionally complex fluorite oxides (CCFOs) are examined as potential protective coating materials. Five binary oxides were mixed and sintered into dense, single-phase CCFOs of the general formula: [Hf_(1-2x)/3Zr_(1-2x)/3Ce_(1-2x)/3Y_xYb_x]O_2-δ (x = 0.2, 0.074, and 0.029). These CCFOs exhibit decreased molten sand infiltration and interaction at intermediate temperatures (1200-1300°C) in comparison with a cubic yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) reference; however, at higher temperatures, the trend is reversed due to the increased chemical reactivity. The equimolar high-entropy (Hf_0.2Zr_0.2Ce_0.2Y_0.2Yb_0.2)O_2-δ exhibits no grain boundary penetration by molten sand at all examined temperatures (1200°C-1500°C), although reaction and precipitation are significant. Moreover, these CCFOs exhibit higher intrinsic thermal expansion coefficients (CTE) than the YSZ reference, thereby being more compatible with Ni-based superalloys. The 8YSZ-like (Hf_0.284Zr_0.284Ce_0.284Y_0.074Yb_0.074)O_2-δ exhibits the highest CTE in this series of CCFOs due to oxygen clustering effects. Finally, these CCFOs also exhibit lower emissivities and form unique faceted microstructures in ablative environments.     

The effect of washing process on the cracking of ZrO2 microspheres by internal gelation

ZrO₂ microspheres are widely used as a simulant of UO₂ in the development of nuclear fuel. However, the cracking of ZrO₂ microspheres prepared by internal gelation is still a challenge during drying and sintering processes. To address this issue, we designed and optimized the washing process for obtaining crack-free ZrO₂ microspheres. Through thermogravimetric, infrared, Raman, BET, and SEM analysis, it is shown that the cracking of the microspheres is mainly related to the pores in microspheres. The washing solvent with low surface tension is used to reduce the effect of capillary force on pore shrinkage. Therefore, the optimal washing process was designed as trichloroethylene (TCE)—0.5 M NH₃.H₂O—Propylene glycol methyl ether (PM) and gel microspheres with a high specific surface area of 315.3 m²/g and pore volume of 0.4125 cm³/g were obtained. The characterizations also further showed that when the microspheres were dried and sintered, the water vapor and the decomposition gas of organic matter were completely released from the pores in the microspheres. Our new washing process could be directly extended for preparing crack-free ceramic microspheres by internal gelation.     

用含Pb、As、Sn地方生铁砂型铸造生产D型石墨铸铁的研究

基于Ph、As、Sn等元素有增大铁液过冷倾向的作用，利用含Ph、As、Sn的地方生铁，采用合金化和砂型铸造可以获得D型石墨铸铁，对其工艺方案进行了研究。用正交试验法设计试验方案，得到最佳工艺方案为：在亚共晶成分（WB％：3．2C，2．1si）的铁液中加入适量的铝（0．6％）和钛（0．8％），可以得到含有100％D型石墨的铸铁，其抗拉强度最高可达276MPa。     

滚筒洗衣机外桶大型注射模设计

分析了滚筒洗衣机外桶零件的工艺特点 ,介绍了外桶注射模的结构 ,阐述了大滑块上设有小滑块的结构特点及4个大滑块上分型面的复杂性 ,以及模具顶出机构和冷却水道的设计特点。使用该模具生产的洗衣机外桶 ,质量合格 ,经济效益显著。     

易溃散覆膜砂的应用及发展前景

介绍了覆膜砂用于轻合金铸件生产时溃散性差的原因和提出了改善的办法,并介绍了其发展前景.