Preparation of acidic or bifunctional catalysts by means of straightforward calcination of as-synthesized [Ga]-ZSM-5 zeolites obtained from alkali-free media. Propane aromatization

Propane aromatization (530°C, 1 atm) was used as a reaction model to evaluate the effect of the calcination temperature on the catalytic properties of an as-synthesized [Ga_1.3]-ZSM-5 zeolite obtained from alkali-free media and calcined at two different temperatures: 530°C (C-530) and 750°C (C-750). Results show that in spite of its lower acidity, C-750 is more active and selective toward aromatics than C-530. This is probably due to the fact that at higher temperature the decomposition of organic compounds used during the zeolite synthesis is accompanied by a partial degalliation of the zeolitic support leading to the production of a bifunctional xGa₂O₃ /H-[Ga_y-ZSM-5(2x+y=1.3)catalyst.     

Analysis of Written and Spoken Form of Hungarian Numbers for TTS Applications

Correct reading of numbers is an essential feature of today's text-to-speech systems (TTS). This article discusses the problems of converting numbers into letters for Hungarian speech synthesis. In the first part of the article, numbers as an organic part of the text are analyzed. Different representations of ordinals, cardinals, telephone numbers, and date and time formats are examined. Special characters, such as comma, period, and plus or minus sign, and various suffixes attached to the numbers may modify the written and spoken form of the number. Numerous conjugated forms are introduced, and examples are shown for these cases. Next, the prosody of spoken numbers is analyzed; intonation, word stress, and pause assignment rules are discussed. Last, implementation questions of number-to-letter (NTL) conversion are addressed with respect to application in TTS and number-to-speech systems.     

A MODIFIED METHOD FOR SUPERVISOR SPECIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS OF A CLASS OF DISCRETE EVENT SYSTEMS

In this paper, a model‐refining method is proposed to alleviate the complexity involved in specification interpretation of DES control problems. The legal constraint language is defined in terms of illegal states and events in contrast with constructing the automaton of the specification language. This method could provide a more intuitive view of the DES control problem and would be suitable for practical implementation. Two examples, which have commonly been used in the literature, are employed to show the efficiency of the proposed method. Further, under this framework, it is shown that the supremal controllable sublanguage can take a simpler form based on the concept of an illegal state set. A state‐based supervisor synthesis procedure is presented, and a simple example is provided.     

树枝状大分子催化剂的合成与应用研究进展

介绍了一类新型催化剂－树枝状大分子的合成方法。包括发散法，收敛法，高度核心和支化单体法及双倍指数混合生长法，同时介绍了新型催化剂的结构特点，重点论述了催化活性中心在核心和外围端基两类催化剂在加氢，Diels-Alder反应，Fischer-Tropsch反应，Heck反应，Kharasch加成反应等中的应用，展望了这类新型催化剂的发展前景。     

微波辐射四丁基溴化铵催化合成肉桂酸苄酯

研究了以肉桂酸钠和氯化苄为原料，四丁基溴化铵作催化剂，采用微波辐射技术，在常压下直接合成肉桂酸苄酯，以及催化剂用量、微波辐射功率和辐射时间对酯产率的影响。最适宜的反应条件为：当n(肉桂酸钠)／n(氯化苄)为1：1．2时，四丁基溴化铵的用量1．0g，微波功率300W，辐射25min，产率达83％以上。     

以对氨基苯甲酸乙酯为端基的酰胺型开链冠醚的合成与表征

以对氨基苯甲酸乙酯为端基合成了3种酰胺型开链冠醚,并通过IR、^1HNMR、MS和元素分析确证了它们的结构.     

An alternating low band-gap polyfluorene for optoelectronic devices

An alternating polyfluorene (APFO) with low band-gap segments named APFO-Green1 has been designed and synthesized for use in optoelectronic devices. The low band-gap segment consists of an electron acceptor (A), fenced by electron donors (D). This D-A-D configuration leads to a partial charge transfer in the polymer backbone, and thereby a low band-gap (1.3 eV). Results obtained from characterization of APFO-Green1 include light absorption and emission at extended wavelengths as well as high hole mobility. Furthermore, blends of the polymer with different fullerene derivatives exhibit unusually high photovoltaic performance at long wavelengths, making this type of conjugated polymers promising for plastic solar cell applications.     

甲壳素改性产品的提取制备工艺的研究

甲壳素等相关改性产品作为目前发展迅速的新型材料，有着及其广泛的应用。本文主要对甲壳素的提取制备工艺及改性产品生产的优化条件进行了试验及分析研究，得出了具有较高经济效益的生产方法。     

高收缩共聚酯合成性能与成纤性能研究

通过共聚酯PEIT(间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、乙二醇共聚物)的合成及其全拉伸丝(FDY)纺丝的成功实验,研究了高收缩PEIT共聚物合成工艺中共聚组分间苯二甲酸(IPA)的摩尔百分数对共聚酯PEIT的玻璃化温度、熔点的影响,探讨了该PEIT共聚物的结晶性能及其纺丝工艺条件对高收缩纤维性能的影响。     

杂原子分子筛ZrBSiALPO4-5的合成结构及催化性能的研究

我们用水热合成法合成了一种锆 -硼 -硅磷铝分子筛 ,通过化学分析、测定晶胞参数及用XRD ,MASNMR方法进行表征 ,证实了锆 -硼 -硅原子进入了分子筛骨架 ,并且具有和AlPO4- 5相似的结构 ;用IR ,NH3 -TPD表征方法测出了它们的酸性 ,测定结果表明 ,它具有L -酸和B -酸中心 ,以中等强度酸为主 ,在苯与烯烃烷基化反应中表现出良好的催化活性和长寿命并且对 2 -位和 3-位苯的烷基化反应具有高选择性 ,有可能替代HF成为一种环境友好的新型催化剂