水耦合装药对露天深孔爆破效果影响的探讨

介绍了某露天山坡矿采用水耦合装药爆破技术,通过与常规爆破对比试验分析,提出利用水耦合爆破可以改善露天深孔爆破效果、提高原矿大块合格率和降低炸药单耗,达到安全增效、降耗的目的。     

Experimental and numerical life prediction of thermally cycled thermal barrier coatings

This article addresses the predominant degradation modes and life prediction of a plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating (TBC). The studied TBC system consists of an air-plasma-sprayed bond coat and an air-plasma-sprayed, yttria partially stabilized zirconia top layer on a conventional Hastelloy X substrate. Thermal shock tests of as-sprayed TBC and pre-oxidized TBC specimens were conducted under different burner flame conditions at Volvo Aero Corporation (Trollhättan, Sweden). Finite element models were used to simulate the thermal shock tests. Transient temperature distributions and thermal mismatch stresses in different layers of the coatings during thermal cycling were calculated. The roughness of the interface between the ceramic top coat and the bond coat was modeled through an ideally sinusoidal wavy surface. Bond coat oxidation was simulated through adding an aluminum oxide layer between the ceramic top coat and the bond coat. The calculated stresses indicated that interfacial delamination cracks, initiated in the ceramic top coat at the peak of the asperity of the interface, together with surface cracking, are the main reasons for coating failure. A phenomenological life prediction model for the coating was proposed. This model is accurate within a factor of 3.     

爆炸焊接有效多方指数γ及可焊窗口

基于对爆炸焊接复板运动形态的基本假定及爆炸气体动力学方程建立冲击波方程，将爆炸气体的作用视作固壁(基板)的正反射，建立运动冲波方程，根据现有的研究成果资料及爆炸焊接理论指导工程实践中存在的问题，从而推导出有效多方指数γ的限定使用范围，为金属爆炸焊接工程应用的参数计算提供可靠依据。以铝材作复板，低碳钢作基板以此作为金属爆炸焊试件，分别使用2号岩石硝铵炸药、泰乳炸药和梯恩梯炸药，利用列契脱飞板运动公式，可以计算出复板厚度与炸药厚度的近似关系式。     

Influence of thermal shock on insulation effect of nano-multilayer thermal barrier coatings

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with nano-multilayer structure were investigated by thermal shock test. The change of insulation effect during thermal shock test was studied by in-situ temperature monitor with a thermal couple set into the substrate. Microstructure and electrical properties of TBCs were characterized by SEM and Impedance Spectroscopy, respectively. Initial increase in insulation effect was observed and related to the formation and growth of perpendicular microcracks in top coat and transversal microcracks in TGO. With thermal shock, the insulation effect decreased due to the further growth of microcracks in top coat and TGO which induced the failure of TBCs.     

ZrO2-NiCr/Al梯度涂层的抗热震性能研究

为了研究ZrO2-NiCr／Al梯度涂层的抗热震性能，设计了4种不同的涂层方案，采用多层平板模型计算了各种方案的涂层中温度和热应力的分布。计算结果表明与其它的涂层方案相比，梯度涂层方案中应力的变化幅度较小，分布也比较缓和。还采用等离子喷涂方法制备了计算模型中设计的4种涂层方案的试样，并对试样进行了抗热震性能试验。试验和计算得到的结果是一致的，都表明采用梯度涂层方案时有较好的抗热震性能。     

激光参数对Ti6Al4V钛合金激光冲击成形的影响

研究在Ti6Al4V合金激光冲击成形过程中,不同激光参数对板料弯曲角及表层硬度的影响。结果表明:当激光功率密度小于3GW/cm2时,弯曲角随着激光功率密度线性增加,激光功率密度超过3GW/cm2时,由于表面熔化现象的出现,弯曲角出现减小的趋势;板料弯曲角随冲击次数的增加也呈线性增长,但弯曲阻力的增加使得弯曲角的增长速度逐渐减慢;随着激光功率密度的增加,材料表面冲击区的硬度增高,表面硬化层的显微硬度最高达HV490,硬化层厚度约为1.0mm。     

Li2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系高温低膨胀釉的制备及性能研究

以焦炉炉门堇青石衬砖的使用情况为依据，得出适合堇青石衬砖高温低膨胀釉的体系为Li2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系。釉料在合理的化学组成范围内生成堇青石与口．锂辉石固溶体晶体。试验成功的研制出适用于堇青石衬砖的高温低膨胀釉，釉料在1350℃与堇青石砖共同烧成，釉层能均匀光滑的铺展在堇青石衬砖表面，它能在1200℃下使用而不融化，它的热膨胀系数为2．85×10^-4，在20℃～1000℃并且还有待于进一步降低。釉与堇青石衬砖热膨胀相匹配，因此釉层经五次热震（1100℃，水冷）后的没有裂纹出现。XRD物相分析得出釉有堇青石与口．锂辉石固溶体晶体相生成。釉能填充堇青石衬砖表面的气孔并以自身的高致密性防止了有害物质向砖内部渗透，起保护层作用。     

脉冲激光冲击金属板料变形的数值模拟

激光冲击板料变形是利用高能脉冲激光和材料相互作用诱导的高幅冲击波的力效应使板料产生塑性变形的新技术.利用ABAQUS软件对激光冲击下板料的变形过程进行了数值模拟,比较了不同激光参数对板料变形量的影响,并在激光单点冲击成形的基础上探讨了激光多点冲击成形.     

激光冲击处理对焊接接头力学性能的影响(Ⅰ)

当短脉冲、高峰值功率密度 (>10 13 W /m2 )的激光辐射金属靶材时 ,就产生高温、高压等离子体 ,该等离子体受到约束层的约束时产生高强度应力波冲击金属表面并向内部传播 ,在材料表面产生应变硬化 ,称这种表面强化技术为激光冲击处理或激光喷丸。激光冲击处理可以提高材料表层硬度、强度 ,并获得比传统的喷丸技术更深的硬化层或残余压应力层 ,从而更有利于材料疲劳性能的提高 ,为研究激光冲击处理在焊后强化方面的应用 ,本文对 1.6 6mm厚的镍基高温合金GH30、1.2mm厚的奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti板材焊缝进行了激光冲击处理 ,对比了激光冲击处理试件和未经激光冲击处理试件焊逢的表层显微硬度、残余应力、抗拉强度和疲劳寿命 ,发现激光冲击处理能提高GH30氩弧焊焊接接头抗拉强度 12 % ,提高 1Cr18Ni9Ti等离子焊接接头疲劳寿命30 0 %以上。     

航空材料的两种激光表面处理技术

针对航空材料的表面强化问题,分析了激光表面处理技术在航空材料上应用的发展现状.论述了两种类型激光表面处理技术的基本原理和国内外研究现状.分析了激光表面处理技术在航空材料上应用的发展方向.