Variability of waste copper slag concrete and its effect on the seismic safety of reinforced concrete building: A case study

Proven research output on the behavior of structures made of waste copper slag concrete can improve its utilization in the construction industry and thereby help to develop a sustainable built environment. Although numerous studies on waste copper slag concrete can be found in the published literature, no research has focused on the structural application of this type of concrete. In particular, the variability in the strength properties of waste copper slag concrete, which is required for various structural applications, such as limit state design formulation, reliability-based structural analysis, etc., has so far not attracted the attention of researchers. This paper quantifies the uncertainty associated with the compressive-, flexural- and split tensile strength of hardened concrete with different dosages of waste copper slag as fine aggregate. Best-fit probability distribution models are proposed based on statistical analyses of strength data generated from laboratory experiments. In addition, the paper presents a reliability-based seismic risk assessment of a typical waste copper slag incorporated reinforced concrete framed building, considering the proposed distribution model. The results show that waste copper slag can be safely used for seismic resistant structures as it results in an identical probability of failure and dispersion in the drift demand when compared with a conventional concrete building made of natural sand.     

硅渣和玻璃粉直接烧结制备多孔材料的气孔结构与力学性能

以硅渣和玻璃粉为原料,采用粉体直接烧结法制备多孔材料,研究了烧结温度(700~900℃)、烧结时间(15~120min)和升温速率(10~100℃·min^-1)对多孔材料表观密度、气孔率、物相组成、抗压强度的影响。结果表明:气孔结构均匀性随烧结温度的升高而降低;表观密度随烧结温度的升高先减小后增大,随保温时间的延长而增大,随升温速率的增大而减小,气孔率的变化趋势与表观密度的相反;多孔材料的主要物相为玻璃相和硅、SiC、SiO2、Ca2Al2SiO7等结晶相,且结晶度随烧结温度的升高而降低;抗压强度随烧结温度的升高呈先增大后减小的趋势;当烧结温度为750℃,升温速率为30℃·min^-1,烧结时间为30 min时,多孔材料的主晶相为硅和Ca2Al2SiO7,抗压强度最大(1.60MPa),表观密度为0.43g·cm^-3,气孔率为80%。     

掺复合矿物超细粉混凝土的耐久性研究

KGF粉是以矿渣、硅灰和钛矿渣等多种材料按一定比例混磨而成的一种复合矿物超细粉.在混凝土外加剂的共同作用下,KGF粉可以很好地发挥火山灰效应、微集料填充效应和耐久性效应.由于减少水泥质量用量40%~60%,并大大提高了混凝土的抗硫酸盐侵蚀和抗酸雨能力,因此,KGF粉的应用是减少环境污染,提高混凝土在恶劣环境下耐久性的有效措施.     

模拟钢渣垂直潜流人工湿地的除磷性能分析

为确定钢渣作为垂直潜流人工湿地基质的可行性,开展了静态吸附和钢渣人工湿地去除生活污水中磷的试验研究。结果表明钢渣对污水中磷的吸附平衡时间较长,吸附速率较快;当温度降低时,钢渣的磷吸附容量对吸附平衡浓度的依赖性也随之降低,最大理论吸附量减少了81.79%,而其吸附强度却有所增加;当处理生活污水时,在0.5 m3/(m2.d)的负荷下对TP的平均去除率达91.90%,吸附方式包括物理吸附和化学吸附;磷的最大解吸量占最大吸附量的0.75%,因而在人工湿地的应用中应注意磷解吸形成的二次污染。     

钢渣混凝土的导电性研究

试验研究了风淬钢渣混凝土的导电性。研究结果表明风淬钢渣对混凝土的导电性具有明显改善作用,随钢渣掺量增加,混凝土的电阻率降低，电阻率的稳定性提高，对固化龄期和含水量的敏感性降低。钢渣粉磨可进一步降低混凝土电阻率,磨细时间越长,电阻率降低越明显。     

矿渣微粉混凝土与钢筋粘结性能研究

根据光圆钢筋和螺纹钢筋同混凝土的粘结机理的不同，分别对埋入光圆钢筋与螺纹钢筋的掺矿渣微粉混凝土试块进行钢筋拉拔试验，得出了矿渣微粉混凝土与钢筋的粘结强度随矿渣微粉掺量的变化规律。结果表明，矿渣微粉的加入使得钢筋与混凝土之间的摩擦力明显减小而其对机械咬合力的影响则甚微；同时得出在水胶比一定的情况下，钢筋与混凝土的粘结性能随矿渣微粉掺量的增加而降低的结论。     

Production of high strength concrete by use of industrial by-products

Blast furnace slag aggregates (BFSA) were used to produce high-strength concretes (HSC). These concretes were made with total cementitious material content of 460–610 kg/m³. Different water/cement ratios (0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 0.50) were used to carry out 7- and 28-day compressive strength and other properties. Silica fume and a superplasticizer were used to improve BFSA concretes. Slump was kept constant throughout this study. Ten percent silica fume was added as a replacement for ordinary portland cement (OPC) in order to obtain HSC. The silica fume was used as highly effective micro-filler and pozzolanic admixture. Superplasticizer at dosages of 2%, 1.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0% by OPC weight for 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 0.50 w/c ratios, respectively, were adopted. Results showed that compressive strength of BFSA concretes were approximately 60–80% higher than traditional (control) concretes for different w/c ratios. These concretes also had low absorption and high splitting tensile strength values. It is concluded that BFSA, in combination with other supplementary cementitious materials, can be utilized in making high strength concretes.     

湿砂型铸铁件的砂孔和渣孔缺陷--湿砂型铸铁件缺陷讲座(二)

湿砂型铸铁件产生砂孔和渣孔缺陷的主要原因是：(1)芯头或砂台的间隙偏小；(2)浇注时铁液清渣不良；(3)砂型：表面耐铁液冲刷性能较差；(4)脱模剂使用不当；(5)手工开挖浇注系统；(6)型砂强度和韧度欠佳。对影响型砂强度和韧度的因素进行了分析，并提出改进方向。     

Advances in the research of nitrogen containing stainless steels

The current status of nitrogen containing stainless steels at home and aboard has been introduced. The function and existing forms of nitrogen in the stainless steels, influence of nitrogen on mechanical properties and anti-corrosion properties as well as the application of nitrogen containing cast stainless steels were discussed in this paper. It is clear that nitrogen will be a potential and important alloying element in stainless steels. And Argon Oxygen Decarbonization (AOD) refining can provide an advanced manufacture process for nitrogen containing stainless steels with ultra-low- carbon and high cleanliness.     

Erosion-corrosion investigation of high chromium cast irons using newly designed jet type tester

A jet type erosion-corrosion tester was developed for the erosion-corrosion investigation of high-chromium cast irons. During tests the size and the shape of particles in the slurry can be maintained stable. The jet velocity and attack angle can be accurately controlled. The repeatability and ranking consistency of the test results are satisfactory. The test parameters can be adjusted in a wide range, so that the tester can simulate various practical working conditions. Electrochemical test data can be automatically collected and processed. Dynamic polarization curves can be obtained during erosion-corrosion test, which can be used to study the dynamic corrosion characteristics.Two high chromium cast irons were studied in hot concentrated alkaline slurry. The results show that the erosioncorrosion mass loss rate and dynamic corrosion rate of 295Cr26 iron is lower than that of 185Cr13 under the conditions similar to alumyte processing. The mechanism of erosion-corrosion of 295Cr26 and 185Cr13 was studied by using the tester. The interaction between erosion and corrosion was also quantitatively evaluated.