多晶体钛拉伸变形表面褶皱的形成及晶粒变形

用原子力显微镜对多晶体钛拉伸塑性变形中表面褶皱的形成及单个晶粒的变形进行了连续观察和测量.结果表明,表面褶皱随着应变量的增加而增大,而凹凸的相对位置关系不随变形的进行而变化.从单个晶粒来看应变量在0.1附近时由于孪晶的形成产生了新的凹凸,但对整体的表面褶皱凹凸位置关系没有大的影响.表面平均粗糙度和表面最大高低差随应变量的增加近似呈直线性增大,应变量在0.1左右时由于孪晶的形成,使粗糙度有较明显的增大.     

镀铬层表面等离子束流加热区视觉信息检测试验

论述了视觉传感技术的特点和研究现状。针对镀铬层固态表面传热及光路特点，选取了普通CCD摄像机，利用固态表面对电弧的反射光和加热工件自身的辐射光，在近红外波段取像的视觉采集方法。结合近红外光谱特点和CCD摄像机的光谱响应度变化趋势，在980nm波长的窗口区域提取到了清晰的视觉图像。分析了镀铬层固态表面等离子束流加热区图像的成像机理，在对加热区图像特征进行分析的基础上对图像进行了处理，提取出了有效信息。     

a-C:F:H films prepared by PECVD

Fluorinated amorphous hydrogenated a-C:F:H carbon thin films were deposited using radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(RF-PECVD) reactor with CF4 and CH4 as source gases and were annealed in a N2 atmosphere. The properties of these films were evaluated by FTIR spectrometry, UV-VIS spectrophotometry and single-wavelength spectroscopic ellipsometry. A correspondence relativity connection between the deposition rate and technology was found. The chemical bonding structures and the content of CHx and CFx in the films are transformed and the optical band gap decreases monotonically with increasing temperature after annealing.The dielectric constant is increased with decreasing content of F in the films and the optical band gap is decreased with decreasing the content of H in the film.     

Cu双晶的循环形变行为与疲劳裂纹萌生：Ⅰ.循环形变行为和滑移形貌

在切应变幅γpl≈1066×10-4至9．1×10-3s范围内，研究了四种Cu双晶的循环形变行为,实验结果表明，对于含两单滑移取向组元晶体的三种子行晶界双晶，其循环形变行为表现出和单滑移取向Cu单晶类似的特征，循环应力一应变（CSS）曲线上存在一平台区，但平台应力都高于单滑移取向Cu单晶的典型值（28MPa），且各有所差别对于含一单滑移和一双滑移组元晶体的垂直晶界双晶，CSS曲线上没有明显的平台，并且发现曲线与Cu多晶的CSS曲线非常类似表面形貌观察表明，上述循环形变行为与由于晶界约束而导致的双滑移或多沿移现象以及开动沿移系的位错反应强度密切相关     

纳米压痕形变过程的分子动力学模拟

根据EAM多体势，利用分子动力学方法模拟了Ni压头压入Al基体的纳米压痕全过程．包括压头接近和离开基体时的原子组态；压入和上升时的载荷一位移曲线以及位错的发射和形变带的产生和变化；同时模拟了纳米尺度的应力弛豫行为．结果表明，当压头尚未接触基体时就能吸引基体原子，通过缩颈而互相连接．当压入应力Ts为1．9MPa时，基体Al开始发射位错；当分切应力Td=6．4MPa时，出现形变带．压头上升过程出现反向的拉应力，使基体反向屈服，在卸载过程中基体残留位错的组态不断改变．当压头上升离开基体后能拉着基体通过缩颈而相连，当压头和基体分离后仍粘有基体原子．在纳米尺度也存在应力弛豫现象，其原因是热激活引起的位错发射和运动．     

Robust cascaded automatic cruise control of electric vehicles

This article focuses on automatic cruise control for electrically driven vehicles. The objective is to track a given vehicle‐velocity profile. For this type of application, the so‐called wheel slip plays a key role, as it is a measure for the force transmitted from the wheel to the road. Conventional wheel‐ slip controllers are usually activated if the absolute value of the slip exceeds pre‐assumed thresholds. Furthermore, it is distinguished between a braking and acceleration maneuver using separately designed and implemented controllers. In contrast, the proposed concept requires neither an activation strategy for the slip controller nor a distinction between braking and acceleration. The cascaded control structure is based upon adaptive‐gains super twisting sliding‐mode algorithm, and the friction force estimator is realized as a second‐order sliding‐mode observer with constant gains. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed concept are demonstrated in numerical simulations using a complex multibody vehicle model. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Independently controllable dual‐band microstrip bandpass filter using quadruple‐mode stub‐loaded resonator

In this article, a quadruple‐mode stub‐loaded resonator (QM‐SLR) is introduced and its four modes are excited using a simple approach, which can provide a dual‐band behavior. By changing the length of the loaded stubs, independently tunable transmission characteristics of the proposed quadruple‐mode stub‐loaded resonator were extensively described for filter design. Moreover, microwave varactors were adopted to represent the length variation of the loaded stubs for the dual‐band tunability. The equivalent circuit modeling of the open stub with microwave varactor was given and discussed. Then, adopting the compact quadruple‐mode stub‐loaded resonator with three varactors, an independently controllable dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) was designed, analyzed, and fabricated. Its separated bandwidths and transmission zeros can be tuned independently by changing the applying voltage of the microwave varactors. A good agreement between simulated and measured results verified the design methodology. The proposed filter possesses compact size, simple structure, and excellent dual‐band performances. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 26:602–608, 2016.     

Design of a printed log‐periodic dipole array antenna with high gain for millimeter‐wave applications

In this article, a V‐band printed log‐periodic dipole array (PLPDA) antenna with high gain is proposed. The antenna prototype is designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested. Simulation results show that this antenna can operate from 42 to 82 GHz with a fractional impedance bandwidth of 64.5% covering the whole V‐band (50–75 GHz). The antenna has a measured impedance matching bandwidth that starts from 42 to beyond 65 GHz with good agreement between the experimental and simulated results. At 50 and 65 GHz, the antenna has a measured gain of 10.45 and 10.28 dBi, respectively, with a gain variation of 2.6 dBi across the measured frequency range. The antenna prototype exhibits also stable radiation patterns over the operating band. It achieves side‐lobe suppression better than 17.26 dB in the H‐plane and better than 8.95 dB in the E‐plane, respectively. In addition, the cross‐polarization component is 18.5 dB lower than the copolarization with front‐to‐back ratio lower than 24.1 dB in both E‐ and H‐planes across the desired frequency range. Based on a comparison of performance among the reported work in the literature, we can say that the proposed PLPDA antenna is a proper candidate to be used in many applications at V‐band frequency. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:185–193, 2015.     

GNSS工程控制网坐标系挂靠问题探讨

分析了工程测绘中出现投影变形的原因及消除投影变形的常用方法。论述了挂靠坐标系的建立方法和应用条件,挂靠坐标系既能有效抵偿基线投影变形,又能解决两种坐标系统的衔接问题,为控制网计算、地形图测绘、工程图与万分图拼接、施工测绘提供了极大的便利。