Ag对Sn-9Zn合金钎料组织及性能的影响

用莱卡显微镜、XRD研究添加元素Ag对Sn-9Zn钎料组织及性能的影响。结果表明:Ag与Zn形成AgZn3化合物,能抑制粗大针状富Zn相的形成,可使Sn-9Zn钎料合金的润湿性提高20%,并明显改善Sn-9Zn的耐蚀性。     

雾化介质对无铅焊锡粉末形貌及粒度分布的影响

利用自行设计的超音速雾化制粉装置,研究不同雾化介质对SnAgCu系无铅焊锡粉末有效雾化率、粒度分布及球形度的影响。结果表明:在一定雾化条件下,氦气雾化粉末具有最高的有效雾化率,最佳的球形度、表面光滑度及粒度分布;氮气雾化的粉末具有较好的综合性能;与氦气、氮气相比,氩气雾化粉末综合性能较差;空气雾化粉末雾化率较高,但粉末较粗、表面粗糙。     

制作光纤光栅用相位掩模的衍射行为研究

利用严格耦合波理论对用于光纤光栅制作的相位掩模的衍射特性进行了深入的研究.研究发现,在紫外写入波长(248 nm)下,为了使零级衍射效率＜5%,且±1级的衍射效率＞35%,相位掩模的刻槽深度必须控制在230～280 nm,占宽比必须控制在0.48～0.65.同时,与标量衍射理论的结果进行了分析对比.这些都为相位掩模的实际制作提供了有意义的结果.     

Verification of cell viability at progressively higher scanning forces using a hybrid atomic force and fluorescence microscope

Dry 40× and 60× microscope objectives were fitted with opaque black masks in order to eliminate reflection and scattering of light off the objective front lens assembly during oblique incidence reflection (OIR) microscopy. The reflection and scattering are shown to induce background glare that leads to degradation in the quality of the OIR images. Mask prototypes were designed and machined to snap onto the spring-loaded retractable front lens assembly of each objective. OIR images of live cells and normalized intensity line profiles are used to demonstrate that, if these alterations to the housing of the objective are implemented, background glare is significantly reduced with the 60× objective, and virtually eliminated with the 40× objective.     

Sb含量对Sn-Bi系焊料性能的影响(英文)

研究Sb元素含量对Sn-Bi系焊料性能的影响。通过差示扫描量热法研究Sn-Bi-Sb焊料的熔化行为。采用铺展实验研究焊料在Cu基板上的润湿性。测试Sn-Bi-Sb/Cu结合界面的力学性能。结果表明:三元合金中含有包共晶反应形成的共晶组织,随着Sb含量的增加,共晶组织增多;在加热速率为5°C/min的条件下,三元合金显示出更高的熔点和更宽的熔程;添加少量Sb对Sb-Bi系焊料的铺展率有影响;在焊料铺展过程中形成反应过渡层,反应过渡层中存在Sb元素而无Bi元素,过渡层厚度随着Sb元素含量的增加而增大。Sn-Bi-Sb焊料的剪切强度随着Sb元素含量的增加而升高。     

Role of grain orientation in the failure of Sn-based solder joints under thermomechanical fatigue

A small Pb-free solder joint exhibits an extremely strong anisotropy due to the bodycentered tetragonal (BCT) lattice structure of β-Sn. Grain orientations can significantly influence the failure mode of Pb-free solder joints under thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) due to the coeffcient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch of β-Sn grains. The research work in this paper focused on the microstructure and damage evolution of Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu BGA packages as well as individual Sn3.5Ag solder joints without constraints introduced by the package structure under TMF tests. The microstructure and damage evolution in cross-sections of solder joints under thermomechanical shock tests were characterized using optical microscopy with cross-polarized light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and orientations of Sn grains were determined by orientation imaging microscopy (OIM). During TMF, obvious recrystallization regions were observed with different thermomechanical responses depending on Sn grain orientations. It indicates that substantial stresses can build up at grain boundaries, leading to significant grain boundary sliding. The results show that recrystallized grains prefer to nucleate along pre-existing high-angle grain boundaries and fatigue cracks tend to propagate intergranularly in recrystallized regions, leading to an accelerated damage after recrystallization.     

退火工艺对Au-20Sn钎料组织的影响

采用叠轧-合金化法制备Au-20Sn钎料,研究合金化退火工艺对Au-20Sn钎料显微组织的影响。结果表明:Au/Sn界面在叠轧过程中形成AuSn4,AuSn2和AuSn三个金属间化合物(IMC)层。在200℃退火时,IMC层的厚度随退火时间的延长而逐渐增大。当退火时间延长至48 h时,IMC层发生转变,Au-20Sn钎料最终形成由ζ相(含Sn 10%～18.5%,原子分数)和δ(AuSn)相组成的均质合金。在250℃退火时,Au/Sn界面扩散速度增大,退火6 h后Au-20Sn钎料组织完全转变成ζ相+δ(AuSn)相。在270℃退火时,IMC层熔化,反应界面转变成为固-液界面,Au-20Sn钎料组织转变为脆性的(ζ’+δ)共晶组织。综合Au-20Sn钎料的性能和生产要求,得到优先退火工艺为250℃退火6 h。     

基于正交设计的WLCSP柔性无铅焊点随机激励应力应变分析

对晶圆级芯片尺寸封装(wafer level chip scale package, WLCSP)柔性无铅焊点进行了随机振动应力应变有限元分析. 以1号柔性层厚度、2号柔性层厚度、上焊盘直径和下焊盘直径四个结构参数作为关键因素,采用正交表设计了16种不同结构参数组合的柔性焊点,获取了16组应力数据并进行了方差分析. 结果表明:焊点内最大应力应变随1号柔性层厚度和2号柔性层厚度的增加而减小;在置信度99%时,下焊盘直径和上焊盘直径对应力具有高度显著影响,在置信度95%时1号柔性层厚度和2号柔性层厚度对应力具有显著影响;各因素对应力影响排序为:下焊盘直径影响最大,其次是上焊盘直径,再次是1号柔性层厚度,最后是2号柔性层厚度.     

Brazing of absorbers of planar solar heating collectors produced from materials of the Cu–CuZn system

The technology of brazing the absorber of planar solar heating collectors, consisting of a ray-receiving panel, produced from copper sheets with a composite selective coating and a tubular part, produced from L63 brass, is examined. The design of the absorber developed by the authors is described. The requirements on brazing technology to preserve the selective multilayer coating during heating of the Sun ray collector panel are determined. The experimental results are used for selecting the brazing alloys, fluxes and temperature–time parameters used in the development of the industrial technology of brazing the Sun ray collector panel of the absorber.     

RE及Ni对Zn20Sn高温无铅钎料显微组织及性能的影响

在Zn20Sn高温无铅钎料合金中添加0.1%RE及0.2%~0.8%Ni(质量分数,下同),研究了RE及Ni对钎料合金显微组织及性能的影响。结果表明,在Zn20Sn中同时添加0.1%RE及0.2%~0.8%Ni后,钎料合金的固相线变化不大,而液相线温度降低;RE及Ni对钎料合金的润湿性能及显微硬度有明显的影响,当RE为0.1%、Ni为0.4%时,钎料合金的润湿性能最好、显微硬度最高;随着RE及Ni的添加,在钎料合金中形成了含Ni金属间化合物,且随着Ni含量的提高,金属间化合物的形状、钎料合金的组织结构发生显著变化。