Interaction intimacy organizes networks of antagonistic interactions in different ways

Interaction intimacy, the degree of biological integration between interacting individuals, shapes the ecology and evolution of species interactions. A major question in ecology is whether interaction intimacy also shapes the way interactions are organized within communities. We combined analyses of network structure and food web models to test the role of interaction intimacy in determining patterns of antagonistic interactions, such as host–parasite, predator–prey and plant–herbivore interactions. Networks describing interactions with low intimacy were more connected, more nested and less modular than high-intimacy networks. Moreover, the performance of the models differed across networks with different levels of intimacy. All models reproduced well low-intimacy networks, whereas the more elaborate models were also capable of reproducing networks depicting interactions with higher levels of intimacy. Our results indicate the key role of interaction intimacy in organizing antagonisms, suggesting that greater interaction intimacy might be associated with greater complexity in the assembly rules shaping ecological networks.     

专业化制曲的优势剖析

曲品品质是影响大曲酒内在品质的重要物质基础,而曲品品质又受制曲可控制因子和不可控制因子的双重制约。专业化制曲是创造这两大制约曲品品质因子优势形成的重要保障,是酿酒行业稀缺资源的共享,将为行业带来丰厚的经济效益,并造就良好的环保效应。     

The dynamics of specialization in professional psychology.

Practicing psychologists face numerous questions regarding specialization, reflecting the dramatic changes occurring in the last half of the 20th century. Is the specialization trend in professional psychology practice and training out of step with marketplace realities? Should specialty training and practice be guided and controlled, and if so, by whom? In response to the interplay of various forces and in a spontaneous and unguarded fashion, specialization has evolved in the form of a two-tiered model, consisting of general practice specialties and delimited specialties. The model better reflects existing distinctions in roles, methods, and settings for education and training than does the systematic differentiation of specialist functions or practice competencies. Were the discipline to implement an orderly sequence of steps to develop a coherent system for specialization in psychology, it would facilitate its future growth and development. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

我国房地产业中存在的若干问题与解决思路

分析了我国房地产企业发展中存在的各种问题,针对我国房地产行业中存在的实际问题,提出了具体的解决办法、房地产企业必须走专业化、规模化的发展道路,房地产企业的内部管理必须加强网络化、职业化的建设,对解决阻碍房地产行业发展的许多关键性问题具有建设性的指导意义。     

证券市场的市场营销策略

面对证券市场高速发展中日趋激烈的市场竞争 ,各类券商均应根据自身的经营特点和专业擅长 ,进行准确的市场细分和市场定位 ,发展专业特征 ,强化市场营销     

关于集中化与多角化问题——现代企业的经营发展战略选择

集中化与多角化是两种不同的战略,两种不同的方案均可供选择,的决策.企业经营的成败不是取决于什么战略而是对战略的选择是否得当.     

基于核心能力的建筑企业专业化与多元化的战略选择

通过对建筑企业核心能力和专业化多元化战略的阐述,以及对专业化多元化的类型界定,建立了基于核心能力的建筑企业专业化多元化成长战略选择矩阵,并在此基础上提出了建筑企业在成长生命周期各阶段应采取的成长战略。     

专业点检定修模式的实践

介绍了安钢第二炼轧厂专业化点检定修优化方面的成功经验,以及优化后全员生产维护取得的良好效果,可为我国同类企业的设备管理提供借鉴.     

电子档案袋与高校计算机机房管理人员专业化发展

电子档案袋直观、高效、全方位地记录了计算机机房管理员从业后的专业成长轨迹,是描述机房管理员工作生涯中专业发展的有效工具,有利于机房管理员专业知识的积累,专业能力的拓展和深化,有利于整个机房管理队伍专业素质的提高.     

实现城市河道长效管理的有效途径

提出了河道长效管理的内涵,指出以河道长效管理水平及长效管理的效果来表征河道长效管理的目标,并给出相关的指标;探讨了实现河道长效管理的有效途径,提出应做到河道管理的专业化、规范化、社会化、科学化、法治化、河道保洁和养护的市场化及资金来源的多元化。