Alkyl Tail Segments Mobility as a Marker for Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Rich Linseed Oil Oxidative Aging

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich linseed oil (LSO) is an important component in biological systems, foods, and many other industrial products. In recent years, LSO has attracted increased attention in the field of functional foods, which has highlighted its facile susceptibility to aging by autoxidation. Common colorimetric and a long list of spectral methodologies have been used to follow after and predict LSO shelf life's quality, especially in regards to aging by autoxidation. These standard methodologies are nevertheless limited, because of the complexity of the LSO's chemical and physical changes. The goal of the present study is to develop a sensorial ¹H LF-NMR energy relaxation time application based on monitoring primary chemical and structural changes occurring with time and temperature during oxidative thermal stress for better and rapid evaluation of LSO's aging process. Using ¹H low-field NMR, the different T₂ times of energy relaxations due to spin–spin coupling, and proton motion/mobility of LSO molecular segments were monitored. As previously reported, we characterized the chemical and structural changes in all phases of the autoxidation aging process. Starting from the initiation phase (abstraction of hydrogen radical, fatty acid chain rearrangement, and oxygen uptake yielding hydroperoxides products), through to the propagation phase (chain reactions resulting in tail cleavage to form alkoxy radicals, and alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes formation), and a termination phase (cross linking and production of polymerization end products). The ¹H LF NMR transverse relaxation approach, monitors both the covalent bond's strong forces (100–400 kJ mol⁻¹) in LSO oxidative aging decomposition, as well as secondary relatively weak interactive forces by hydrogen bonds (~70 kJ mol⁻¹), and electrostatic bonds (0–50 kJ mol⁻¹) contributing to secondary crosslinking interactions leading to a LSO viscous gel of polymerized products in the termination phase. In the present paper, we show that LSO tail segments mobility in terms of T₂ multi-exponential energy relaxation time decays, generated by data reconstruction of ¹H transverse relaxation components are providing a clear, sharp, and informative understanding of LSO sample's autoxidation aging processes. To support T₂ time domain data analysis, we used data from high-field band-selective ¹H NMR pulse excitation for quantification of hydroperoxides and aldehydes of the same LSO samples treated under the same thermal conditions (25, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 °C) with pumped air for 168 hours. Peroxide value, viscosity, and self-diffusion analyses, as well as fatty acids profile and by-products determined by GC–MS on the same samples were carried out, and correlated with the LSO tail T₂ energy relaxation time results. From these results, it is postulated that selective determination of LSO tail T₂ time domain can be used as a rapid evaluation marker for following omega-3 PUFA-rich oils oxidative aging process within industrial and commercial products.     

高分子聚合物松弛行为及模型的研究进展

高分子聚合物材料作为一种使用频率高且应用范围广的材料,其松弛行为对于其加工制品的精度具有重要的影响,且高分子化学合成的结果会最终影响高分子聚合物的松弛行为。由此总结了高分子聚合物松弛行为的特点,整理了其力学松弛及模型、松弛时间的研究进展。并由此提出现阶段高分子聚合物的松弛行为研究的局限性,并指出未来的研究方向。     

Self-Assembly and Neurotoxicity of β-Amyloid (21–40) Peptide Fragment: The Regulatory Role of GxxxG Motifs

The three GxxxG repeating motifs from the C-terminal region of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide play a significant role in regulating the aggregation kinetics of the peptide. Mutation of these glycine residues to leucine greatly accelerates the fibrillation process but generates a varied toxicity profile. Using an array of biophysical techniques, we demonstrated the uniqueness of the composite glycine residues in these structural repeats. We used solvent relaxation NMR spectroscopy to investigate the role played by the surrounding water molecules in determining the corresponding aggregation pathway. Notably, the conformational changes induced by Gly³³ and Gly³⁷ mutations result in significantly decreased toxicity in a neuronal cell line. Our results indicate that G³³xxxG³⁷ is the primary motif responsible for Aβ neurotoxicity, hence providing a direct structure–function correlation. Targeting this motif, therefore, can be a promising strategy to prevent neuronal cell death associated with Alzheimer's and other related diseases, such as type II diabetes and Parkinson's.     

HL型碎玻璃风选机的设计及改进

本文详细介绍了HL型碎玻璃风选机的设计原理、结构特点、技术方案与主要应用范围。介绍了HL型风选机的主体结构及运行特征。针对HL型碎玻璃风选机在风选碎玻璃时出现的各种问题,提出了解决方案,并优化结构设计。     

深埋巷道围岩变形及支护技术研究

随着煤炭开采逐渐向深部转移,巷道围岩变形越来越严重。分析了深埋巷道围岩变形及支护技术,对研究巷道进行了三轴抗拉试验,得到煤和岩石力学参数,采用结构梁和弹性力学分析了巷道围岩变形,为模型分析提供了理论基础,然后采用FLAC^3D数值模拟软件,分析了巷道变形位移,与现场实测相比,数值模拟能够较好地模拟煤矿巷道实际变形情况。研究能够为巷道参数设计提供借鉴。     

青海省木里煤田构造控煤特征及找煤方向

木里煤田是青海省重要的煤产地,其中聚乎更、哆嗦公马、雪霍立、外力哈达、热水等地含煤地层出露较好、煤系埋深较浅。受祁连山构造带以及阿尔金断裂走滑作用的控制,木里煤田构造类型多样。根据木里煤田的地质背景,从沉积聚煤规律、构造特征及其控煤作用等方面对木里煤田隐伏区及逆冲推覆构造下含煤地层进行分析,指出应在已知矿区外围逆冲推覆断层下盘找煤,同时被新生代覆盖的隐伏区为今后找煤的方向。     

矿用锚杆钻机机械臂结构设计与有限元分析

介绍了矿用锚杆钻机的整体结构和机械臂的结构设计及工作原理,并且针对机械臂的一些关键部件在具体工况下进行严格的静力学强度校核,分析结果表明:机械臂的刚度和结构强度满足机械臂的运动要求,为机械臂后续结构设计和改进提供合理的理论依据,更为机械臂运动和控制奠定基础。     

基于员工幸福感中介作用的煤矿企业教练型领导对安全行为的影响研究

研究立足新型领导风格探索影响煤矿企业员工安全行为的路径,构建教练型领导、员工幸福感与安全行为关系理论模型。首先,界定教练型领导和安全行为2个变量,明晰员工幸福感包含生活幸福感、工作幸福感和心理幸福感3个维度;然后用问卷调查法采集数据,利用结构方程模型和Bootstrap检验法分析数据,实证检验了煤矿企业教练型领导与安全行为的关系及员工幸福感的中介作用。结果表明:煤矿企业教练型领导对安全行为和员工幸福感的3个维度均存在显著的正向影响,员工幸福感在教练型领导对安全行为的影响中起中介作用,且工作幸福感的中介效用最显著。具体而言,煤矿企业教练型领导行为的作用水平越高,会诱发员工高幸福感,员工的安全行为表现越好。     

一类泛函微分代数系统的波形松弛方法

本文采用波形松弛算法来求解一类泛函微分代数系统,该算法在迭代过程中,避免了求解泛函微分方程,且利于并行处理。文中给出了该算法收敛的条件,并做了误差估计,最后通过数值实验验证了理论分析。     

BaTi1-xSnxO3系铁电体的相变弥散与介电弛豫

用固相反应法制备了BaTi1-xSnxO3(0.15≤x≤0.30)系铁电陶瓷.研究了它们的介电常数与温度和频率的关系,发现BaTi1-xSnxO3经历了一个由单纯相变弥散铁电体到弛豫型铁电体的变化过程.数据分析表明,BaTi1-xSnxO3系铁电材料是否出现介电弛豫与最大介电常数值对应的温度Tm以上一段温度区间内的介电弥散程度存在对应关系.研究还发现,将交变测量电压由1 Vrms提高到20 Vrms时,可以使BaTi1-xSnxO3陶瓷的Tm向低温方向移动.