钛合金焊接件密封问题研究

水下大功率振源体的质量关键除了焊接质量就是密封面的密封性,特别是焊接结构的强振体能否达到良好的密封性是工艺结构的一大难点。根据我们现有的机械加工设备能力和振源体结构特点,无法对振源体组焊件整体真空消应热处理后进行密封面的加工。文中介绍了采用修配座圈窗盖和增大O形圈截面直径的方法,提高了振源体组件的密封性。     

Modeling of Mechanical Characteristics in Hot Deformation of 4130 Steel

In this investigation, hot compression tests were performed at 900 °C ? 1100 °C and strain rate of 0.001 ? 0.1 s^?1 to study hot deformation behavior and flow stress model of 4130 steel. Based on the classical stress–dislocation relations and the kinematics of the dynamic recrystallization, the flow stress constitutive equations of the work hardening‐dynamical recovery period and dynamical recrystallization period were established for 4130 steel, respectively. The validity of the model was demonstrated by comparing the experimental data with the numerical results. The agreement of this comparison is quite reasonable.     

Research on forecasting model of sandstone deformation rate during sine wave loading segment under the lag effect

To reduce data variance caused by individual differences of different samples,a new experimental method is proposed by loading and unloading the axial forces with different frequencies and different waves of a certain load amplitude to the same rock sample without damaging it.Lag time segments are defined and fractionized into segments I and Ⅱ.Criterions for seg-mentation,definitions of relevant parameters and empirical analysis are also offered afterwards.In the course of sinusoidal loading,the serious pea...     

曲江矿运输大巷变形机制分析与支护对策研究

随着开采深度的增加,深部巷道支护问题也日益严重。本文对曲江运输巷道的变形特征进行了详细调查,并通过岩体结构、地应力、支护形式和施工因素等几个方面对其变形机制进行了分析。结果表明:不良的岩体结构和高地应力是巷道变形的内在因素,锚网的支护强度和支护刚度、梯形梁的较低护表能力,以及锚杆和爆破等施工质量是巷道变形的外在因素,在内外因素的共同作用下,导致了巷道变形和破坏。在此基础上,提出了锚注+U29圆形棚架联合支护加固技术。数值模拟和井下试验效果分析表明:该支护方式能很好的保持巷道的稳定性,并为深部巷道支护技术的研究提供了有价值的借鉴意义。     

高压膏盐层定向井钻井关键技术

Jeribe—Kirkuk储层为伊拉克哈法亚油田的主力储层之一,上覆厚约500 m、地层压力系数为2.25的Lower Fars膏盐层作为其盖层。因该高压膏盐层的存在,导致第一口Jeribe—Kirkuk定向井多次卡钻2次侧钻,第一口水平井提前下套管完井,Lower Fars高压膏盐层钻井面临极大挑战。为此,通过分析Lower Fars膏盐层的力学特性、孔隙压力、地应力大小以及岩石矿物特征,建立Lower Fars层不同岩性地层井壁稳定和井眼变形规律的数学模型和判定规则,模拟钻井过程中的井眼变形规律,有针对性地研制适用于该膏盐层定向钻井的高密度饱和盐水钻井液体系、优化定向井井眼轨迹与施工方案。研究结果表明:(1)Lower Fars膏盐层最易失稳地层为泥岩层,卡钻的主因是泥岩水化后流变性增大,导致井眼缩径,并拖拽相邻硬石膏和盐岩坍塌,加剧卡钻的风险导致卡钻;(2)Lower Fars层井壁变形失稳随井斜角和井眼钻开时间的增大而增大,随着井眼钻开时间的延长,井壁失稳的风险急剧增加;(3)筛选了适合高密度饱和盐水的聚胺抑制剂BZ-HIB及聚合物稀释剂JNJ,优化钻井液配方,可有效提高钻井液在膏盐层钻进过程中的抑制性及流变性;(4)Jeribe—Kirkuk定向井造斜点由Lower Fars层提升至Upper Fars层,Upper Fars井段造斜、Lower Fars井段稳斜,降低Lower Fars段的井斜角和定向段长度,从而降低卡钻风险。截至目前,22口井的现场应用效果表明,该区?311.2 mm井眼事故复杂得到了有效控制,其中,2016年平均钻井周期为35.8 d,同比缩短52.8%,机械钻速从平均3.3 m/h提高至7.33 m/h,提高122%,技术优化取得了明显的效果。     

An Omni‐Healable Supercapacitor Integrated in Dynamically Cross‐Linked Polymer Networks

Self‐healing will greatly improve the reliability of an energy‐storage device in case of physical damage, but the challenge remains in assembling such a smart device capable of repairing all its electroactive components simultaneously. Here, an omni‐healable supercapacitor that can spontaneously repair its electrolyte, electrodes, and even the interfaces between them in ambient conditions after mechanical damage is reported. The goal is achieved by integrating electrolyte and electrode materials into a dynamic poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based network cross‐linked by diol‐borate ester bonding. The capacitor fast restores its configuration, mechanical properties, and capacitive performances during all 15 breaking/healing cycles without external stimulus, regardless of the breaking positions. Interestingly, the capacitor can tolerate various physical deformations and even tailoring without performance deterioration. The investigation offers a facile and versatile strategy to construct an intrinsically self‐healable energy‐storage device that has potential application for portable/wearable electronics, smart apparels or flexible robots, and so on.     

多层套筒结构的红外消热差镜头设计与分析

重点分析了采用多层套筒与波形弹簧垫圈相结合进行热补偿的红外机械消热差镜头,根据光学软件给出的离焦量设计热补偿结构,并运用ANSYS软件对热补偿结构进行了热变形分析。经过试验测试表明,采用多层套筒实现热补偿的镜头在-40~+60℃的范围内成像质量良好。     

考虑渗透率和流体黏度的致密油藏探测半径

探测半径是评价油藏控制程度和井控储量的重要参数。为了解决低渗透致密油藏探测半径计算方面存在的问题,建立了考虑渗透率和黏度的模型,推出了新的导压系数,得到了考虑流体和地层因素的微分方程。在此基础上,应用稳态依次替换法和质量守恒法推导出相应的探测半径方程,并用数值方法求解。研究结果表明:低渗透致密油藏地层中新的导压系数比经典理论中的导压系数小;探测半径与井的产量有关,同时也与渗透率和黏度的变形系数有关,渗透率的变形效应会减小探测半径,黏度的变形效应会增大探测半径。     

瞬态力-热耦合作用下水泥环形态对套管应力的影响

基于页岩气水平井压裂工程实际,采用解析法与数值法结合的方式,建立了压裂过程中井筒温度场计算模型和套管偏心、水泥环缺失有限元模型,据此研究瞬态力-热耦合作用下的水泥环形态对套管应力的影响。结果显示:1)页岩气井压裂过程中瞬态力-热耦合作用显著提高了套管应力;套管应力呈先升高后降低的动态变化,最大应力值出现在压裂初期。2)水泥环完整或套管偏心时,瞬态力-热耦合作用降低了套管应力周向分布不均匀差异;水泥环缺失时,套管应力随着缺失角、偏心距的增大而提高。研究结果对于精确计算页岩气井压裂过程中的套管应力具有重要意义。     

������ɰ�ݶ·ֶ����ѹ�Ѽ�����ҳ����ˮƽ���е�Ӧ��

??Due to downhole complexities, shale-gas horizontal well fracturing in the Sichuan Basin suffered from casing deformation and failure to apply the technique of cable-conveyed perforation bridge plug. In view of these problems, a new technique of staged volume fracturing with temporary plugging by sand filling is employed. Based on theoretical analyses and field tests, a design of optimized parameters of coiled tubing multi-cluster sand-blasting perforation and temporary plugging by sand filling was proposed. It was applied in the horizontal Well ZJ-1 in which casing deformation occurred. The following results are achieved in field operations. First, this technique enables selective staged fracturing in horizontal sections. Second, this technique can realize massive staged fracturing credibly without mechanical plugging, with the operating efficiency equivalent to the conventional bridge plug staged fracturing. Third, full-hole is preserved after fracturing, thus it is possible to directly conduct an open flow test without time consumption of a wiper trip. The staged volume fracturing with temporary plugging by sand filling facilitated the 14-stage fracturing in Well ZJ-1, with similar SRV to that achieved by conventional bridge plug staged fracturing and higher gas yield than neighboring wells at the same platform. Thus, a new and effective technique is presented in multi-cluster staged volume fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells.