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排序方式: 共有788条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
91.
Ainhoa Alberro Leire Iparraguirre Adelaide Fernandes David Otaegui 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(15)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important players for intercellular communication. EVs are secreted by almost all cell types; they can transfer information between nearby or distant cells, and they are highly abundant in body fluids. In this review, we describe the general characteristics of EVs, as well as isolation and characterization approaches. Then, we focus on one of the most relevant sources of EVs: the blood. Indeed, apart from EVs secreted by blood cells, EVs of diverse origins travel in the bloodstream. We present the numerous types of EVs that have been found in circulation. Besides, the implications of blood-derived EVs in both physiological and pathological processes are summarized, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis of several diseases, and also as indicators of physiological modifications. Finally, the applications of EVs introduced in the circulatory system are discussed. We describe the use of EVs from distinct origins, naturally produced or engineered, autologous, allogeneic, or even from different species and the effects they have when introduced in circulation. Therefore, the present work provides a comprehensive overview of the components, effects, and applications of EVs in blood. 相似文献
92.
草莓的营养价值与保健功能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
草莓含有丰富的营养及生理活性成分,具有多种营养保健功能。本文阐述了草莓的营养成分及其保健功能,并介绍了一些常用的草莓食疗方和食用注意事项。 相似文献
93.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. HCC is associated with several etiological factors, including HBV/HCV infections, cirrhosis, and fatty liver diseases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying HCC development remains largely elusive. The advent of high-throughput sequencing has unveiled an unprecedented discovery of a plethora of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Despite the lack of coding capacity, lncRNAs have key roles in gene regulation through interacting with various biomolecules. It is increasingly evident that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is inextricably linked to HCC cancer phenotypes, suggesting that lncRNAs are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. In light of the emerging research in the study of the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in HCC, we discuss the association of lncRNAs with HCC. We link the biological processes influenced by lncRNAs to cancer hallmarks in HCC and describe the associated functional mechanisms. This review sheds light on future research directions, including the potential therapeutic applications of lncRNAs. 相似文献
94.
Matej Vizovisek Dragana Ristanovic Stefano Menghini Michael G. Christiansen Simone Schuerle 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
In recent decades, dysregulation of proteases and atypical proteolysis have become increasingly recognized as important hallmarks of cancer, driving community-wide efforts to explore the proteolytic landscape of oncologic disease. With more than 100 proteases currently associated with different aspects of cancer development and progression, there is a clear impetus to harness their potential in the context of oncology. Advances in the protease field have yielded technologies enabling sensitive protease detection in various settings, paving the way towards diagnostic profiling of disease-related protease activity patterns. Methods including activity-based probes and substrates, antibodies, and various nanosystems that generate reporter signals, i.e., for PET or MRI, after interaction with the target protease have shown potential for clinical translation. Nevertheless, these technologies are costly, not easily multiplexed, and require advanced imaging technologies. While the current clinical applications of protease-responsive technologies in oncologic settings are still limited, emerging technologies and protease sensors are poised to enable comprehensive exploration of the tumor proteolytic landscape as a diagnostic and therapeutic frontier. This review aims to give an overview of the most relevant classes of proteases as indicators for tumor diagnosis, current approaches to detect and monitor their activity in vivo, and associated therapeutic applications. 相似文献
95.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an extremely aggressive invasive cancer, is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The higher mortality in PDAC is often attributed to the inability to detect it until it has reached advanced stages. The major challenge in tackling PDAC is due to its elusive pathology, minimal effectiveness, and resistance to existing therapeutics. The aggressiveness of PDAC is due to the capacity of tumor cells to alter their metabolism, utilize the diverse available fuel sources to adapt and grow in a hypoxic and harsh environment. Therapeutic resistance is due to the presence of thick stroma with poor angiogenesis, thus making drug delivery to tumor cells difficult. Investigating the metabolic mediators and enzymes involved in metabolic reprogramming may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. The metabolic mediators of glucose, glutamine, lipids, nucleotides, amino acids and mitochondrial metabolism have emerged as novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, the role of autophagy, macropinocytosis, lysosomal transport, recycling, amino acid transport, lipid transport, and the role of reactive oxygen species has also been discussed. The role of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells in the pathogenesis of PDAC and the metabolites involved in the signaling pathways as therapeutic targets have been previously discussed. This review focuses on the therapeutic potential of metabolic mediators in PDAC along with stemness due to metabolic alterations and their therapeutic importance. 相似文献
96.
Viktria Kovcs Gbor Remzs Tímea Krmczi Rbert Berkecz Valria Tth-Szki Andrea Pnzes Lszl Vcsei Ferenc Domoki 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains to be a major cause of long-term neurodevelopmental deficits in term neonates. Hypothermia offers partial neuroprotection warranting research for additional therapies. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous product of tryptophan metabolism, was previously shown to be beneficial in rat HIE models. We sought to determine if the KYNA analog SZR72 would afford neuroprotection in piglets. After severe asphyxia (pHa = 6.83 ± 0.02, ΔBE = −17.6 ± 1.2 mmol/L, mean ± SEM), anesthetized piglets were assigned to vehicle-treated (VEH), SZR72-treated (SZR72), or hypothermia-treated (HT) groups (n = 6, 6, 6; Tcore = 38.5, 38.5, 33.5 °C, respectively). Compared to VEH, serum KYNA levels were elevated, recovery of EEG was faster, and EEG power spectral density values were higher at 24 h in the SZR72 group. However, instantaneous entropy indicating EEG signal complexity, depression of the visual evoked potential (VEP), and the significant neuronal damage observed in the neocortex, the putamen, and the CA1 hippocampal field were similar in these groups. In the caudate nucleus and the CA3 hippocampal field, neuronal damage was even more severe in the SZR72 group. The HT group showed the best preservation of EEG complexity, VEP, and neuronal integrity in all examined brain regions. In summary, SZR72 appears to enhance neuronal activity after asphyxia but does not ameliorate early neuronal damage in this HIE model. 相似文献
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100.
Protein Toxin Chaperoned by LRP‐1‐Targeted Virus‐Mimicking Vesicles Induces High‐Efficiency Glioblastoma Therapy In Vivo 下载免费PDF全文
Yu Jiang Weijing Yang Jian Zhang Fenghua Meng Zhiyuan Zhong 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(30)
Glioblastoma is a most intractable and high‐mortality malignancy because of its extremely low drug accessibility resulting from the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Here, it is reported that angiopep‐2‐directed and redox‐responsive virus‐mimicking polymersomes (ANG‐PS) (angiopep‐2 is a peptide targeting to low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein‐1 (LRP‐1)) can efficiently and selectively chaperone saporin (SAP), a highly potent natural protein toxin, to orthotopic human glioblastoma xenografts in nude mice. Unlike chemotherapeutics, free SAP has a low cytotoxicity. SAP‐loaded ANG‐PS displays, however, a striking antitumor activity (half‐maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 30.2 × 10?9m ) toward U‐87 MG human glioblastoma cells in vitro as well as high BBB transcytosis and glioblastoma accumulation in vivo. The systemic administration of SAP‐loaded ANG‐PS to U‐87 MG orthotopic human‐glioblastoma‐bearing mice brings about little side effects, effective tumor inhibition, and significantly improved survival rate. The protein toxins chaperoned by LRP‐1‐targeted virus‐mimicking vesicles emerge as a novel and highly promising treatment modality for glioblastoma. 相似文献