玄武岩机织增强热黏合抗穿刺鞋中底基材的力学性能

为提高鞋中底基材的抗穿刺性与柔韧性,降低成本,通过玄武岩基机织物增强和热压加固的工艺制备抗穿刺鞋中底基材,分析了低熔点聚酯纤维比例对鞋中底基材拉伸、顶破和静态穿刺头A、B、C性能的影响。结果表明:随着低熔点聚酯纤维(LMPET)含量的增加,抗穿刺强力先增强后逐渐减弱;当低熔点纤维含量为30%时,鞋中底基材的拉伸载荷为793.6 N(未热压)和759.9 N(热压),顶破载荷为445.5 N(未热压)和767.9 N(热压);鞋中底基材对不同形状的穿刺头的平均静态抗穿刺力分别为329.0 N(未热压)和392.4 N(热压);热黏合加固对顶破和抗穿刺性能的提升效果显著。     

Optimizing the processing parameters of mechanical and hydraulic conductivity of geotextile liner

Glass geotextile reinforcement and needle-punch bonding are applied to compensate for the low mechanical strength of a geotextile clay liner (GCL) and reduce damage under complicated service conditions. Moreover, the effects of glass fibers embedded in the bentonite on hydraulic conductivity are investigated. A hybrid-structure glass geogrid-reinforced GCL (GGCL) is constructed by needle punching the bentonite laminated by a glass geogrid layer and separated by a 0.3 mm thick meltblown nonwoven layer. The central composite design (CCD) is proposed to discuss the effects of needle punch density (ND) and depth of punch (DP) on the tensile properties, quasi-static and dynamic puncture resistances, and hydraulic conductivity of the GGCL, and an empirical regression model of these properties is established. Results show that ND and DP significantly affect tensile the properties and puncture resistances while DP insignificantly affects the hydraulic conductivity of the GGCL. Glass fibers embedded into the bentonite improve the hydraulic conductivity of the material. At the 95% confidence interval, the process parameters can be optimized by the empirical regression model. The proposed regression model is consistent with experimental results and can thus be used to predict the mechanical properties and hydraulic conductivity of GGCL.     

静电纺丝聚芳醚砜酮纤维膜穿刺强度研究

静电纺丝纤维膜因为具有高孔隙率、大的比表面积和良好的电解液润湿性而被广泛地应用于锂离子电池隔膜的研究,但对于锂离子电池安全性能至关重要的隔膜穿刺强度的研究还比较匮乏。本工作采用静电纺丝技术制备得到PPESK纤维膜,并采用热处理提高纤维膜的力学性能,然后通过穿刺实验测得一系列不同厚度热处理PPESK纤维膜的穿刺强度,并建立起穿刺强度与纤维膜厚度之间的线性关系。通过对穿刺破坏区域的微观分析,探究热处理PPESK纤维膜穿刺破坏机理,结果表明:各向同性的热处理PPESK纤维膜穿刺过程是由纤维受挤压产生弯曲、变形和断裂造成的破坏,破坏区域呈近似圆形穿刺孔,而PP微孔膜的破坏区域则是由脆性断裂造成的长条形裂缝,相比之下热处理PPESK纤维膜的穿刺破坏过程更加缓和,可以降低锂枝晶刺穿隔膜带来的风险,但是热处理PPESK纤维膜的穿刺强度还有待增强。     

The murine plasma protein response to polymicrobial intra-abdominal sepsis

Protein biomarkers in the peripheral blood could potentially be used as early indicators of sepsis and a means to stratify patients for clinical trials. Although individual molecular markers have been proposed for sepsis, none has clinical utility. The global changes in plasma proteins over the clinical course of sepsis have not been characterized using proteomic methods. We used cecal ligation and puncture to induce polymicrobial sepsis in mice and generated plasma protein profiles using 2‐D DIGE of plasma from septic mice and surgical controls. Replicate cohorts (n = 3) of 4–7 animals each were used to identify 62 gel features that changed significantly (Student's t‐test, p<0.05). We identified a suite of plasma proteins that describe uniquely the host plasma response to polymicrobial septic insult. Principal components analysis of protein abundance showed that ～90% of the variability between samples was due to sepsis. In addition to canonical acute phase proteins, we identified proteins that are associated with metabolic changes (e.g. α‐2 HS glycoprotein and zinc α‐2 glycoprotein) consistent with the pathophysiology of sepsis. The panel of sepsis‐associated molecular markers identified herein may prove useful in the diagnosis and categorization of sepsis.     

基于二维超声- 三维 CT 配准的肾脏穿刺定位方法可行性研究

医学影像引导的经皮肾穿刺手术是经皮肾镜取石术中建立手术通道的重要手段,高质量的 实时医学图像可以提高术中穿刺精度,减少手术风险。针对自由呼吸下经皮肾穿刺靶点的导航定位问 题,该研究提出了一种基于术中二维超声-术前三维 CT 实时配准的肾脏穿刺定位方法。首先对肾脏轮 廓特征的二维超声图像和三维 CT 图像进行由粗到精的快速配准,然后通过超声探头标定,将配准融合 后的图像注册到手术空间,实现穿刺靶点的实时定位。人体腹部模型实验结果表明,超声探头标定均 方根误差为 0.998 mm,二维超声和三维 CT 数据配准误差为 0.709 mm,平均配准运算时间为 1.15 s,最 终的平均定位误差为 2.265 mm。     

青蒿琥酯对盲肠结扎穿孔术脓毒症小鼠的保护作用

目的: 探讨青蒿琥酯(AS)对盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)脓毒症小鼠的保护作用及其可能机制。方法: 采用CLP制作小鼠脓毒症模型,术后0、4、24、48h重复肌肉注射AS,观察7 d内CLP小鼠的死亡率;检测术后4、8 h血浆脂多糖(LPS)、TNF-α、IL-6水平;术后8 h小鼠肺脏组织形态的变化。结果: AS 明显降低CLP小鼠的死亡率(P<0.05)及血浆LPS、TNF-α和IL-6水平(P<0.05或P<0.01),减轻肺组织的损伤 。结论: AS对CLP小鼠具有显著的保护作用 ,该作用可能与其降低血浆LPS水平、减少促炎细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6的释放和减轻组织脏器的损伤有关。     

3种红枣组织结构与质构及其相关性研究

以新疆3个主栽红枣品种:骏枣、灰枣和哈密大枣为研究对象,对各个品种的组织结构和质构特性(整果穿刺测试)进行测定和分析,并结合感官质地进行评价。结果显示:灰枣的角质厚度(6.34μm)、表皮厚度(36.41μm)、表皮细胞(118.21μm~2)、近表皮空腔(9 160.98μm~2)、近表皮细胞(892.71μm~2)、中部细胞(2 766.68μm~2)均比骏枣和哈密大枣小。角质厚度、表皮厚度、近表皮空腔、中部细胞等指标与骏枣和哈密大枣差异显著,表皮细胞在3个品种间差异性不显著。灰枣的表皮穿刺强度(1 700.30 g)、果皮韧性(729.95g獉s)、果肉坚实度(1 132.20g)、果肉纤维指数(17.05)和果肉起始强度(1 450.43g)均最大,而果皮破裂距离最小。除果皮韧性和果肉起始强度外,表皮穿刺强度、果皮破裂距离、果肉平均坚实度和果肉纤维指数之间相互呈现显著差异。3个品种红枣部分组织结构和质构指标相关性存在一定的差异,其中表皮穿刺强度与果皮破裂距离和果皮韧性、果肉平均坚实度与果肉起始强度均呈现极显著正相关,结合感官质地评价3个品种红枣组织结构和质构特性与实际表现基本一致。     

A Comparison of the Puncturing Properties of Gelatin and Hypromellose Capsules for Use in Dry Powder Inhalers

This study investigates capsule puncture in dry powder inhalers. Gelatin and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) capsules (stored at 11 and 33% relative humidities) were punctured using a pin from a Foradil® inhaler, with insertion force measurement via an Instron tester. In HPMC capsules, the force after capsule puncture reduced by half and then increased to a second maximum as the pin shaft entered the hole. In gelatin capsules, the postpuncture force reduced to zero, indicating shell flaps losing contact with the pin. At lower moisture contents, both capsules were less flexible. This provides a tool to measure the shell properties of inhalation capsules.     

经皮经肝胆道引流治疗转移性胃癌并发阻塞性黄疸的疗效与并发症

Objective:The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and incidence of complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) as palliative treatment of obstructive jaundice caused by metastatic gastric cancer.Methods:Hospital records were reviewed for 32 consecutive patients with biliary obstruction caused by metastatic gastric cancer who underwent PTBD at our institution between October 2004 and April 2010.Patients (23 males and 9 females) age ranged from 35 to 72 years.The indexes of hepatic function before PTBD and within one month after PTBD were compared.The incidence of complications and corresponding treatments were also documented.Results:The level of obstruction was defined as the distal bile duct (beyond the level of the liver hilum) in 22 patients (group 1) and the liver hilum in 10 patients (group 2).Successful decompression of the biliary system after PTBD was defined by a total bilirubin decrease of more than 30% of the baseline value.Success rates were 100% (22/22) for group 1,70% (7/10) for group 2,and 90.6% (29/32) for all patients.Differences in success rates between group 1 and group 2 were significant (P = 0.024).Serum TBIL,ALT,and AST significantly decreased from (292.8 ± 179.9) μmol/L,(174.5 ± 107.4) IU/L,(159.9 ± 103.9) IU/L before PTBD to (111.5 ± 92.5) μmol/L,(58.5 ± 46.3) IU/L,(59.6 ± 48.9) IU/L,respectively within one month after PTBD (P < 0.05).Complications associated with PTBD included cholangitis in 13 patients (40.5%),drainage tube displacement in 6 patients (18.8%),hemobilia in 4 patients (12.5%),tube occlusion in 2 patients (6.3%),and pancreatitis in 1 patient (3.1%).All complications were successfully treated with appropriate measures.Conclusion:Hepatic function can be improved by PTBD without serious complications in patients with obstructive jaundice caused by metastatic gastric cancer.