宝钢钢管全浮动芯棒连轧工艺的技术进步

全浮动芯棒连轧管生产线工艺的突出问题是钢管存在“竹节”现象和壁厚均匀度差。围绕提高钢管壁厚均匀度和消除“竹节”现象,进行持续的工艺技术改进,通过改善芯棒润滑条件,自主开发张力减径机非传统孔型,开发大规格孔型和高铬钢产品,提高生产线工艺自动控制水平等,使该生产线继续发挥能力,为用户提供高精度、高钢级的产品。     

控制单工序锻件变形均匀性的研究

以单工序锻件为研究对象，对提高锻件变形均匀性的优化设计进行了研究。给出了优化设计的目标函数，确定了优化设计的设计变量和设计方法，并对一典型的轴对称H型锻件进行了优化设计，取得了明显的效果。     

应用近红外在线检测及RMEB法调控卷烟制丝均匀性

随着单一卷烟品牌规模的不断增加,很难实现大规模单一等级原料的均匀稳定,从而容易导致不同批次间卷烟产品的质量变化:基于在线近红外光谱分析得到不同等级、不同批次的烤后片烟烟碱含量,以及企业制定的产品标准配方的目标烟碱值和允差值,以相应的烟叶等级、数量使用计划和单批次生产中的最小使用量为约束条件,研制出了”循环枚举不同批次组合的中位数调控法(Regulation by Median Calculated via Cycle Enumeration combination of different batches tobacco RMEB)”来优化多批次卷烟制丝过程中配方原料的配比及加工顺序。结果表明,不同批次制丝间烟碱的变异系数显著降低,幅度可达24%,较好实现了从源头上调控制丝批次间的均匀性,并通过最小使用量约束条件兼顾了生产效率。     

An introduction to the Information Display Measurement Standard 1, the first display measurement standard from the International Committee for Display Metrology

On June 1, 2012, the Information Display Measurement Standard version 1 was released. This is the first standard from the worldwide standard group, the International Committee for Display Metrology, a standards committee within SID, and it culminates several years worth of development from many contributors at various levels. It has 26 top‐level chapters and a total over 450 sections of all parts, including over 200 measurement sections and 8 appendices that cover 133 topics of display metrology, tutorials, technical discussions, and references. Herein is an overview of the Information Display Measurement Standard version 1, including the structure of the document, tips, tricks, and hidden features, how it is maintained, support material, a breakdown of its contents, and finally, a sampling of four of the over 200 measurements. The standard is available as a free download and can be found on the International Committee for Display Metrology home page — http://www.icdm‐sid.org .     

一种RGB颜色空间中的车牌定位新方法

车牌定位是车牌自动识别系统的关键。为了快速准确地进行车牌定位,提出了一种新的RGB颜色空间的车牌定位方法,该方法包括颜色特征提取、特征图像的二值化、形态学连通去噪、车牌候选区域检验4个步骤,同时针对传统颜色特征提取对光照变化敏感的问题,提出了一种不包含亮度信息的颜色特征提取方法;对于车牌候选区域的检验摒弃了常用的易受图像尺寸及图像分辨率影响的区域面积、宽高比、矩形度等几何特征,而是采用车牌字符数及字符排列的规则度作为判定的依据,并由此设计了一种车牌字符规则度的计算方法,用来检验车牌候选区域。通过对包含不同尺寸、不同光照条件的605幅图像进行车牌定位的实验表明,成功率超过96%,可见该颜色特征提取方法对光照变化不敏感,该车牌检验方法可适用于各种不同尺寸图像的车牌定位。     

Enhancement of thermal uniformity for a microthermal cycler and its application for polymerase chain reaction

Thermal uniformity is essentially important for micro reactors which require precise control of critical reaction temperatures. Accordingly, we report a new approach to increase the temperature uniformity inside a microthermal cycler, especially for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It enhances the thermal uniformity in the reaction region of a PCR chip by using new array-type microheaters with active compensation (AC) units. With this approach, the edges of the microthermal cyclers which commonly have significant temperature gradients can be compensated. Significantly, the array-type microheaters provide higher uniformity than conventional block-type microheaters. Besides, experimental data from infrared (IR) images show that the percentages of the uniformity area with a thermal variation of less than 1 °C are 63.6%, 96.6% and 79.6% for three PCR operating temperatures (94, 57 and 72 °C, respectively) for the new microheaters. These values are significantly better than the conventional block-type microheaters. Finally, the performance of this proposed microthermal cycler is successfully demonstrated by amplifying a detection gene associated with Streptococcus Pneumoniae (S. Pneumoniae). The PCR efficiency of the new microthermal cycler is statistically higher than the block-type microheaters. Therefore, the proposed microthermal cycler is suitable for DNA amplification which requires a high temperature uniformity and is crucial for micro reactors with critical thermal constraints.     

A full‐color eyewear display using planar waveguides with reflection volume holograms

Abstract— A full‐color eyewear display with over 85% see‐through transmittance with a 16° horizontal field of view was developed. Very low color crosstalk, less than 0.008 Δu′v′ uniformity, and 120% NTSC color gamut were achieved. Waveguides with two in‐ and out‐coupling reflection volume hologram elements enabled a simple configuration that has an optical engine beside the user's temples. The reflection volume hologram elements used on the waveguides realized a small thickness of 1.4 mm for each waveguide, and an out‐coupling reflection volume hologram used as an optical combiner contributed a high see‐through transmittance of 85% due to its wavelength selectivity. However, there are technical challenges in achieving a reasonable screen size and quality color images with optics that utilize holographic waveguides because holograms have large chromatic dispersions compared to conventional optical elements such as lenses and mirrors. Approaches to overcome these issues are described.     

改进Harris-Susan算法下砾石土料掺配均匀度评价

砾石土料掺配均匀程度对砾石土心墙坝的安全至关重要。数字图像处理方法被广泛应用于混合物识别领域,但在处理存在黏连特性的图像时易出现过分割与欠分割问题,导致评价结果精度不足。针对上述问题,本文提出改进Harris-Susan算法下砾石土料掺配均匀度评价方法。首先,改进Harris-Susan算法可分割欠分割区域并修复过分割区域,提高二值图像精度;其次,基于砾石邻域的概念,对图像进行单分位均匀度评价;最后,采用空间分布采样构建砾石土的空间均匀度评价指标。将该方法应用于大渡河双江口砾石土高心墙堆石坝工程建设中,本文方法相对统计准确率为0.935,较Otsu算法（0.353）和分水岭算法（-3.101）提升明显。结果表明,本文方法结果与筛分法高度一致,同时可有效节省人力、物力与时间成本,评价效率更高,具有很强的工程应用价值。     

分数阶时滞非线性多智能体系统的自适应控制

针对分数阶多智能体系统中存在时滞和非线性特性, 时滞往往会引起控制系统的性能下降甚至出现系统 不稳定等问题, 提出了一种含时滞非线性的分数阶多智能体系统自适应控制方法. 对于多智能体系统的控制协议, 设计了基于领导者和相邻智能体状态信息的自适应控制协议, 减小了过大常数控制增益带来的能源浪费. 对于一 致性, 利用图论基础、分数阶Halanay不等式稳定性定理、Kronecker积和Schur补引理, 获得了分数阶时滞非线性多 智能体系统的LMI一致性条件. 仿真结果验证了本文算法的正确性和有效性. 由于整数阶系统是分数阶系统的特殊 形式, 本文结论可以直接推广到整数阶多智能体系统中.