烧成系统NOx的形成及排放控制技术介绍

煤燃烧过程中污染物的形成、迁徙、排放和抑制规律、NOx污染控制技术等是煤燃烧领域重点研究的内容。文章分析了水泥工业回转窑中煤粉燃烧过程中NOx的形成机理，并针对NOx的形成机理和影响因素，探讨了水泥工业相关的低NOx燃烧技术。目前，较为实际的方法是采取空气分级燃烧技术和设计出科学的燃烧器二种。     

聚乙烯吡咯烷酮在天然气水合物生成中的作用

研究了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)在天然气水合物生成中的促进和抑制作用,结果表明PVP作为促进剂时,在确定的反应温度和压力下有一个最佳的浓度,在确定的使用浓度和温度时则有一个最佳反应压力,否则PVP的加入将抑制水合物的生成。认为PVP在低浓度时作为高分子表面活性剂,降低了溶液的表面张力,加速了水合物生成。在高浓度时,其长链上的五元环吸附水合物表面未完成的孔穴,阻止了水合物晶核的增长。     

Chaos in bubbling—nonlinear analysis and modelling

In the present paper, nonlinear features and analytical results for the chaotic bubbling from a submerged orifice are described. A chain of air bubbles was produced from the single orifice of in diameter and micro-convection induced by the bubble generation was recorded using hot-probe anemometer located close to the orifice. The air flow rate was varied widely from q=100 to and the aspects of bubbling were observed by high-speed video. The nonlinear analysis is performed for the time series data of hot-probe anemometer especially in the range of q=435-. The calculated largest Lyapunov exponent shows that with increase of air volume flow rate, the time period for the process of liquid flow to lose stability becomes shorter and at high air flow rate such as , it is shorter than the time period between subsequent bubbles. To explain such chaotic behaviors of bubbling, a simple model has been proposed. The model simulates the process of interaction between the elastic bubble wall and liquid. Simulation results compared well with the analytical results of experimental data. Summarizing, it is concluded that one of the reasons for chaos appearance is the nonlinear character of interaction between an elastic bubble wall and the liquid stream.     

纳米二氧化硅模板的制备

以微乳液法制备纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）粒子，经压制、烧结制备SiO2模板。通过红外（IR）、热分析（TGDTA）、扫描电镜（SEM）等方法对SiO2模板进行表征，结果表明所得SiO2粒度在100nm左右．烧结温度在800℃时，SiO2粒子之间将实现颈长，有利于有机／无机杂化多孔材料的制备。     

基于一致性的小型四旋翼机群自主编队分布式运动规划

设计一种小型四旋翼无人机群起飞后自主形成正多边形编队的分布式运动规划方法.在四旋翼无人机的串级控制系统框架下,分布式编队控制器以简化agent模型为基础,同时采用平均一致性算法和有领导一致性算法,共同产生各无人机位置与偏航角的期望轨迹.讨论了达成最终协调目标队形的拓扑条件,并给出一种基于有向Hamilton环的通信拓扑设计方案.最后通过数值仿真验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

Characterization and performance of Pd-La/spinel catalyst for preparation of 2,6-diisopropylaniline

The Pd-La/spinel catalyst for the preparation of 2,6-diisopropylaniline (2,6-DIPA) by gas-phase amination of 2,6-diisopropylphenol (2,6-DIPP) has been studied. The catalysts before and after reaction were characterized by BET, XRD, differential thermal analysis (DTA)-thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), FTIR, and NH₃-TPD techniques. The DTA study results show two kinds of coke deposited on the metal and support of Pd-La/spinel catalyst, and they are combusted at about 242 and 324 °C, respectively. The XRD and FTIR spectra of the Pd-La/spinel catalyst show that the coke contains the aromatic and aliphatic rings, alkyl groups, polynuclear aromatic system, hydroxyl groups, and amine groups. The reason for catalyst deactivation can be expressed as follows: coke formed on palladium metals may move from metal to the interface or boundaries of metal-support and acid sites of the support where further dehydrogenation and polymerization are occurring. The H₂ plays a key role in retarding coke formation, but must be in suitable amount to get relatively high selectivity. The rare earth promoter La not only promotes the activity and selectivity by retaining Pd species in the metallic state, but also decreases the formation of carbon by neutralizing the strong acid sites on the catalyst.     

Formation of Zinc–Antimony-Based Spinel Phases

Formation of spinel phases in ZnO–Sb₂O₃and ZnO–Sb₂O₃–Bi₂O₃systems is studied by the use of X-ray diffraction. The formation of nonstoichiometric Zn_2.33Sb_0.67O₄phase is observed in both the systems at ∼900°C. However, in these systems, at higher temperatures ( T ≥ 1100°C), formation of the inverse spinel phase Zn₇Sb₂O₁₂is observed. The study has been extended to understand the effect of CrO₃doping on the stability of the different spinel phases in the previously mentioned systems. Interestingly, in both the systems, samples doped with CrO₃, displayed the presence of Zn_2.33Sb_0.67O₄phase <1200°C, indicating the stabilization of the spinel phase by CrO₃.     

基于广义预测控制的船舶编队

针对多船舶之间的编队合作问题,对船舶的编队控制进行研究。利用广义预测控制方法在船舶运行中对理想路径曲线进行预测,得出船舶的运动控制策略;通过运用领导-跟随者编队方法,在Cartesian坐标系下建立船舶编队控制模型,基于这种模型建立一系列船舶航迹约束,得到船队跟随者成员的控制策略。同时在船舶运行过程中,加入风浪的扰动,进行模拟仿真,得到船队的运行轨迹。     

炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀影响因素初探

从单因素、多因素和复杂水系考察了炼厂外排污水回用于循环冷却水腐蚀的影响因素，结果表明，碳钢腐蚀的主要影响因素取决于离子特性、氧化膜的形成和溶解氧的扩散等综合协同作用，其中以离子特性的,影响为最大（如：Cl^-、Ca^2 、CO3^2-的腐蚀性较强）。碳钢腐蚀反应又可由以上三种主要影响因素分为三个反应控制区，而当电导率在0．1－2．0mS/cm范围时，其水质属于腐蚀危险高发区。从而也进一步说明水质的低电导率处理，其防腐效果并不理想，相反在高电导率情况下却表现出相对较好的低腐蚀性能。     

FOF-18结构与性能的量子化学研究

用B3LYP法,在6-31G基组水平上优化了FOF-18的几何构型,得其稳定的几何构型;在振动分析的基础上求得体系的振动频率、IR谱;采用Monte-Carlo方法预估了密度;设计等键等电子反应计算了生成焓;运用Kamlet公式预测爆速、爆压和爆热;将计算性能与CL-20的性能作比较。结果表明,FOF-18整个分子呈N字形,且存在7个强吸收峰,密度2.06g/cm3、生成焓501.03kJ/mol、爆速9411.82m/s、爆压42440.76MPa、爆热6637.46kJ/kg,该化合物的性能与CL-20接近。