超薄基体气门等离子喷焊T400合金层的试验研究

采用等离子喷焊方法在厚度为1mm的气门锥面制备了钴基合金涂层，用X射线衍射仪分析了涂层的相结构，用电子探针分析了涂层截面的成分分布，用光学显微镜观察了涂层的组织形貌。结果表明，熔合区主要由细小的等轴晶和少量的柱状晶组成，涂层主要由铸态枝晶和细晶组成，在涂层与基体之间形成了明显的冶金结合层。涂层中的金属元素呈梯度分布，在界面处存在明显的热扩散现象。实际应用表明，由于喷焊层形成了合金固溶体和耐磨性能好的碳化物，因而提高了气门的使用性能。     

MAG焊熔池图像特征及可用信息分析

针对MAG焊焊接过程的特点,采用被动式视觉传感的方式,利用近红外CCD摄像机,配合1064nm窄带滤光片和0.1%中性减光片组成的复合滤光系统,很好地排除了弧光的干扰,采集到大量高清晰的MAG焊短路过渡、射滴过渡、射流过渡熔池图像.利用数字图像处理技术对熔池图像进行图像处理,并提取出反映焊接质量的图像特征信息.对于单幅熔池图像进行了灰度分析,并提取了三条熔池图像等值轮廓线;对于连续多帧熔池图像,提出了利用熔池图像差影检测和熔池图像平均灰度来研究MAG焊焊接过程的新思路,为熔化极气体保护焊焊接过程质量控制奠定了基础.     

硅含量对氩弧焊熔敷金属冲击韧度的影响

通过示波冲击、断口扫描及显微组织观察等试验,研究了小于0.5%的硅含量对低含氧量手工氩弧焊熔敷金属冲击韧度的影响。结果表明,随着硅含量的增加,熔敷金属冲击韧度下降;低硅含量时,熔敷金属显微组织以针状铁素体为主,高硅含量时,则以块状铁素体为主;低硅氩弧焊熔敷金属低温冲击断裂形貌以准解理为主,裂纹扩展功高于断裂形貌主要为解理的高硅含量熔敷金属;低氧氩弧焊熔敷金属中,硅含量、显微组织、断裂形貌与冲击韧度之间存在着对应关系。     

不锈钢活性激光焊工艺研究

以不锈钢SUS304作为试验对象,分别研究了焊接速度、散焦离焦量、激光功率和保护气体等工艺参数以及活性剂和活性元素硫对不锈钢YAG激光焊焊缝成形的影响.试验结果表明,各焊缝表面成形良好,焊接速度和激光功率能明显影响焊缝成形,散焦离焦量和保护气体种类对YAG激光焊焊缝成形的影响较小.与硫含量较低的情况相比,活性剂和活性元素硫含量较高的情况下均能使得焊缝熔宽发生明显收缩,随着热输入量增加,活性剂增加熔深的效果也越明显,表明活性剂对熔深的影响效果与焊接过程的热输入量有密切联系.     

一种新型焊接工艺--搅拌摩擦焊

搅拌摩擦焊是20世纪90年代初开发出的一种新型焊接工艺，它可以焊接常用熔焊方法难以焊接的铝合金、钛合金等，并且具有一系列独特的优点。在此简要介绍了搅拌摩擦焊的原理、搅拌摩擦焊接接头性能、影响搅拌摩擦焊接的工艺参数以及搅拌摩擦焊常用设备。     

爆炸焊接钢/钢复合板接合界面微观结构分析

用HRTEM、TEM和SEM研究了 0 0Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2 16Mn爆炸接合复合板性能及接合界面微区组织结构。结果表明 ,0 0Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2 16Mn复合板强度不低于 16Mn基板的强度 ,180°扭转无裂纹出现 ;接合区形貌近似呈正弦波形 ,接合界面附近形成微细晶区 ;接合界面处的白亮带可能是严重塑性变形和绝热熔化条件下急冷形成的纳米晶结构层和非晶态组织 ;爆炸方法可望用来制备纳米晶和非晶态薄膜材料。     

New development in welding thin-shell aluminum alloy structures with high strength

From the viewpoint of welding mechanics, two new welding methods-welding with trailing peening and welding with trailing impactive rolling were introduced. For aluminum alloy thin-shell structures with high strength, welding will lead to hot cracking, poor joint and distortion. In order to solve them, trailing impactive device was used behind welding torch to impact the different positions of welded joints, thus realizing the welding with free-hot cracking, low distortion and join tstrengthening. By use of impactive rolling wheels instead of peening heads, the outlook of welded specimen can be improved and stress concentration at weld toes can be reduced. Equipment of this technology is simple and portable. It can used to weld sheets, longitudinal and ring-like beams of tube-like structures, as well as the thin-shell structures with closed welds such as flanges and hatches. So the technology has the wide application foreground in the fields of aviation and aerospace.     

16Mn钢埋弧焊接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率的研究

对16Mn钢双面埋弧焊CT试样的焊缝、热影响区、母材及垂直焊缝方向的疲劳裂纹扩展速率进行了研究。结果表明,焊接接头的不同部位疲劳裂纹扩展速率不同,平均应力、焊接残余应力、金相组织对疲劳裂纹的扩展速率都有一定的影响。     

Influences of temperature and Sn-addition on microstructural evolution of Ag during FSW

ABSTRACT

The microstructural evolutions of pure Ag and Ag-0.75 wt-%Sn during rapid cooling friction stir welding (FSW) were examined. At the lower welding temperature of FSW conditions, the annealing twinning was highly suppressed and the microstructural evolution was dominated by the discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation (DDRX) via the high angle boundary (HAB) bulging. The fully recrystallised microstructure was remarkably finer than that formed through the frequent annealing twinning at the higher welding temperature. Moreover, the Sn-addition caused the HAB bulging due to the inhibition of dynamic recovery and decreased mobility of grain boundaries. With decreasing the ratio of the peak temperature to the recrystallisation temperature, the dominant grain refinement mechanism is implied to change from the annealing twinning to the DDRX.     

TIG熔敷堆焊快速成形视觉传感系统的研究

对于TIG熔敷堆焊快速成形视觉传感系统进行了一定的研究；通过对TIG熔敷堆焊快速成形的原理的分析．介绍了选择CCD作为TIG熔敷堆焊快速成形视觉传感器的动能；从光学理论得出视觉系统的标定方法；从实验结果来看视觉传感系统所得到的图像能够清晰反映出TIG熔敷堆焊的焊接轨迹。