纯棉织物的醚化2D树脂成衣免烫整理

为探索醚化2D树脂对纯棉织物抗皱整理的可行性和最佳工艺设置,设计正交试验探究醚化2D树脂、催化剂、保护剂、柔软剂在成衣免烫技术中的应用工艺,确定最佳工艺为醚化2D树脂F-AP质量浓度150 g/L、催化剂FM质量浓度40 g/L、保护剂HDP质量浓度35 g/L、柔软剂NUP质量浓度15 g/L。应用SPSS统计分析软件对4种助剂对棉织物的抗皱整理效果做显著性检验,结果表明:相对另外3种助剂,醚化2D树脂对棉织物的抗皱整理效果影响最为显著。重点分析了醚化2D树脂对整理后织物性能的影响,发现醚化2D树脂质量浓度超过160 g/L时,棉纤维与树脂的反应呈现饱和,使棉织物折皱回复角和断裂强力变化趋缓,过多的树脂残留使纱线间的摩擦力增加,对织物抗撕破起负效果。     

弯管异常起皱的成因分析

指出由于制管过程操作不当,致使管坯局部产生了异常的压应力和压应变,形成“反光带”,并在“反光带”处出现弯管异常起皱。根据“反光带”厚度和硬度的微小变化形态,运用应力-应变理论揭示出在“反光带”处弯管异常起皱的成因,即:当积聚在“反光带”内的残余压应力和残余压应变与弯曲时内侧圆弧处产生的压应力及塑性压缩变形相互叠加后,导致弯曲圆弧内侧管壁上承受的压应力和压应变超过管壁自身变形抗力及壁厚增厚所能承载的塑性变形量时,管壁被压溃,进而失稳起皱。     

封端水性聚氨酯的制备及其对棉织物的防皱整理

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和甲乙酮肟(EMAO)为主要原料,合成了封端水性聚氨酯,并通过红外光谱对其结构进行表征.将产物配制为乳液整理棉织物并进行性能测试.结果表明:最佳整理工艺为:二浸二轧(整理剂用量120 g/L,轧液率60%~70%),焙烘(150℃,3 min),其折痕回复角达到168.15°,经向断裂强力和纬向断裂强力分别达到468.50 N和384.32 N,且整理后的织物仍保持原棉织物较好的透气性能.根据整理前后织物的红外吸收特征,对其抗皱及提高织物强度的机理进行了探讨.     

TA1板材对角拉伸试验及数值模拟研究

为了测试钛合金材料的抗皱性能,以及验证塑性成形仿真软件对起皱问题的预测精度,选取了钛合金TA1材料进行方板对角拉伸试验,同时对试验过程进行数值模拟分析,对比试验结果和模拟结果,验证了数值模拟的准确性。在方板对角拉伸试验的数值模拟过程中,通过设置不同的扰动类型来替代外界影响因素,以及不同的单元阶次、算法等模拟参数,来分析各类模拟参数对数值模拟结果的影响规律。结果表明,不同的扰动类型对模拟结果产生的影响很小,采用二次单元和静态算法的数值模拟结果与试验结果基本一致,因此能够有效预测由不均匀拉应力引起的板材起皱现象。     

生物酶对毛纺针织制品防缩整理的应用

介绍了生物酶在毛纺针织制品防缩整理中的作用机理及其在实际生产中进行处理的参考工艺配方。通过预处理结合生物酶处理来改善羊毛纤维表面鳞片层物质结构与羊毛织物的性能。分析表明,该方法使羊毛表层的类脂物质去除和胱氨酸二硫键断裂,增加蛋白酶分子与羊毛蛋白的可及度,同时酶水解反应能够持续进行,显著改善了羊毛织物的润湿性,增强对化学助剂的吸附和渗透,经柔软处理后织物手感得到改善,同时提高了抗起毛起球性。     

聚酯长丝/棉复合纱斜纹织物的保形性及服用性能

为研究聚酯(PET)长丝/棉复合纱斜纹织物的保形性及服用性能,利用PET长丝与纯棉纱开发了3种线密度为9.8 tex的纱线,并以二上二下斜纹组织织造了4种织物。对织物进行了折皱回复性、免烫性、尺寸稳定性、悬垂性等保形性能,强伸性、拉伸弹性、顶破性等抗变形性测试,以及手感风格、透湿性、透气性等服用性能测试。对比分析了纯棉纱织物与复合纱织物的保形性与服用性能。结果表明:PET长丝/棉复合纱可改善纯棉织物的折皱回复性、悬垂性,提高免烫等级,同时又不影响织物的服用性能;包芯纱织物比包缠纱织物有更好的保形性,更高的免烫等级,是免烫衬衫面料的理想选择。     

Delamination‐Free Functional Graphene Surface by Multiscale,Conformal Wrinkling

Obtaining a delamination‐free wrinkled functional graphene surface in layered systems is an interesting challenge because the interface is usually too weak to withstand interfacial stress mismatch, which can trigger mechanical instability. In this paper, a general strategy is proposed toward addressing the delamination limitation imposed by fabricating conformal graphene wrinkles with bilayer systems of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). To improve the interfacial strength, a postcuring transfer process is introduced to form a gradient interface layer without interfacial liquid between the PMMA and PDMS by entanglement of polymer chains during high‐temperature curing. Compared to the conventional wet transfer of graphene,the transfer method can greatly enhance the interfacial strength. The chemical and mechanical mechanisms underlying the enhancement are revealed both experimentally and theoretically in terms of the transition from the buckled‐induced delamination state to the delamination‐free wrinkled state. Moreover, the light diffraction behaviors of multiscale graphene wrinkles are initially demonstrated to be an interesting continuous pattern induced by overlapping. The delamination‐free conformal wrinkled functional graphene surface can provide valuable insight and design guidelines for the fundamental problems of deformed graphene and its applications in flexible functional devices.     

Nanoethosomal formulation of gammaoryzanol for skin-aging protection and wrinkle improvement: a histopathological study

Background: Free radical scavengers and antioxidants, with the main focus on enhanced targeting to the skin layers, can provide protection against skin ageing.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to prepare nanoethosomal formulation of gammaoryzanol (GO), a water insoluble antioxidant, for its dermal delivery to prevent skin aging.

Methods: Nanoethosomal formulation was prepared by a modified ethanol injection method and characterized by using laser light scattering, scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The effects of formulation parameters on nanoparticle size, encapsulation efficiency percent (EE%) and loading capacity percent (LC%) were investigated. Antioxidant activity of GO-loaded formulation was investigated in vitro using normal African green monkey kidney fibroblast cells (Vero). The effect of control and GO-loaded nanoethosomal formulation on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of rat skin was also probed. Furthermore, the effect of GO-loaded nanoethosomes on skin wrinkle improvement was studied by dermoscopic and histological examination on healthy humans and UV-irradiated rats, respectively.

Results: The optimized nanoethosomal formulation showed promising characteristics including narrow size distribution 0.17?±?0.02, mean diameter of 98.9?±?0.05?nm, EE% of 97.12?±?3.62%, LC% of 13.87?±?1.36% and zeta potential value of –15.1?±?0.9?mV. The XRD results confirmed uniform drug dispersion in the nanoethosomes structure. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant studies confirmed the superior antioxidant effect of GO-loaded nanoethosomal formulation compared with control groups (blank nanoethosomes and GO suspension).

Conclusions: Nanoethosomes was a promising carrier for dermal delivery of GO and consequently had superior anti-aging effect.     

Method for Fast Quality Evaluation of Deep‐drawn Paperboard Packaging Components

The visual and mechanical quality of paperboard packaging components formed by deep drawing closely corresponds to the wrinkle distribution within the material wall section. Assessing this quality of paperboard packaging components currently relies on very slow or even subjective methods. Therefore, counting the number of wrinkles and measuring the mean distance between wrinkles proved to be a sensitive strategy for the evaluation of quality levels in deep drawing formed paperboard containers like cups or trays. A method introduced by Hauptmann proposes the measurement of the distances between 10 wrinkles in machine direction and 10 wrinkles in cross direction for each sample. However, this method is unsatisfactory because it can only observe a small part of each sample and is subject to deviation through the individual judgement of the person carrying out the survey. Further methods, as well as their respective application range, are listed in Table  1 . Hence, it is desirable to automate the wrinkle survey to be carried out without operator influences to the measurement. This paper introduces such an automated measuring method. The given method relies on recording the sample surface topography through laser‐distance measurement. An evaluation algorithm, which enables the detection of wrinkles in the topographic data, is proposed. Furthermore, it is shown that the method yields feasible results and is capable of generating reliable quality information in considerably reduced time frames.     

形状记忆织物的记忆性能研究

为探讨纯PTT、PTT与PET混纺、纯PET三类"形状记忆"织物以及免烫棉织物的形状记忆性能,对它们进行易塑形性能及折皱回复性能的测试,并对测试参数进行优化,研究了4种织物形状记忆性能的差异。结果表明:相较于半记忆、仿记忆织物以及免烫棉织物,纯PTT织物具有优异的形状记忆性能。