准噶尔盆地南缘地区防塌钻井液技术探讨

从地质、理化和工程三个方面分析了准噶尔盆地南缘地区井眼失稳原因。通过室内试验确定了新型高密度防塌钻井液体系配方。该地区６口探井应用表明，该钻井液体系具有强抑制性、良好造壁性和流变性等特点，能够满足复杂钻井条件下井眼稳定要求。     

Study on crystallization and microstructure of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics

Lithium aluminosilicate （LAS） glasses are generally difficult to prepare because of their high melting temperature. In this study, the preparation of LAS glasses was achieved at a relatively low melting temperature. The batch containing MgO-ZnO-LiEO- Al2O3-SiO2 was melted in a platinum crucible at 1550℃ for 2 h and was then followed by two- or three-step heat treatment processes for nucleation and crystal growth. The characterizations were carried out by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometry. The hexagonal stuffed β-eucryptite solid solution crystallized at 840-960℃. Most of the hexagonal β-eucryptite solid solution transformed into the tetragonal β-spodumene solid solution at 1100℃. Almost all the aluminum atoms entered into the tetrahedral sites in the aluminosilicate network of the 6- eucryptite/β-quartz solid solution. All of the Al atoms did not belong to the aluminosilicate network of the β-spodumene solid solution. The glass ceramic with a mean grain size of 10-20 nm is transparent, the transmittance reaches -85% in the visible light wavelength.     

无机化合物结块和防结块研究进展

综述了无机化合物结块机理,影响强块的因素,防结块方法和防结块剂种类等,例举了某些无机化合物的防结块方法,并对防结块剂应用研究提出看法。     

无机盐水解法制备介孔NiAl_2O_4纳米粉

介孔NiAl2O4材料是常用的电极材料和催化材料,目前常用溶胶-凝胶法制备。本文在不添加任何模板剂和有机溶剂的情况下,通过摩尔比为1︰2的硝酸镍和硝酸铝水溶液与碳酸铵水溶液水解的方法制备NiAl2O4介孔材料。利用热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜观察、透射电镜观察及N2吸附-脱附等测试手段表征。通过800℃焙烧,制备了NiAl2O4介孔材料,晶粒大小约30nm,比表面积为105.3m2/g,平均孔径为7.2nm,孔容为0.19cm3/g,孔径分布比较狭窄、规整。     

接枝共聚物型聚丙烯酰胺助留助滤剂的合成及性能研究

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)以及无机化合物为原料,采用水溶液接枝共聚研制了相对分子质量适宜的无机化合物接枝AM共聚物型聚丙烯酰胺(I-PAM)助留助滤剂,并对其性能作了研究,结果发现:该助留助滤剂可与K350相媲美.最适宜的合成条件为:无机物与有机物单体组成比为15:85,AM与DMC重量比为60:40,引发剂用量为混合单体的0.08%,链转移剂用量为混合单体的4.5%,反应温度为30～40℃.     

Inorganic and Organic Compounds of Freshwater Filamentous Cyanobacteria under Normal and Salt Stress Conditions

The main aim of this work was to investigate the effects of salt stress conditions on the inorganic and organic compounds of extracts from six filamentous cyanobacteria： Arthospira platensis, Oscillatoria sp., Oscillatoria salina, Tolypothrix sp., Oscillatoria sp. SWU （Srinakharinwirot University）121 and Tolypothrix sp. SWU213. All cyanobacteria were cultures in BG （blue-green algae）11 medium： pH 7.5 at 35 ℃ for 30 days of sodium chloride in the culture medium presented 0-1.0 M. The cyanobacteria isolates grew well in BGH medium, nevertheless, growth of the majority of isolates was reduced by about 50% in the same medium containing 0.5 M NaCl. The inorganic compounds such as, Na^＋, K^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, NH4^＋ and NO3^- were determined. All ions were reduced when NaCI was increased and Na^＋ showed highest amount in the medium followed with Mg^2＋, NH4^＋, NO3^- and Ca^2＋ in all cyanobaeteria. The organic compounds such as, betaine, proline and total lipid were determined under normal and salt stress conditions. We found that all cyanobacteria increased interesting organic compound under salt stress condition at least two folds to compare with normal condition. This is the first finding indicated that freshwater filamentous cyanobacteria could grow under salt stresses by accumulation of some organic compounds as osmoprotectants such as betaine and amino acids, being the reduction related to the amount of inorganies compounds present in cultures.     

基于无机化合物类的薄膜太阳能电池材料的研究

综述了目前国际上各类无机化合物类薄膜太阳能电池材料(碲化镉、铜铟硒、砷化镓)的研究进展,并从材料、工艺和转换效率等方面进行了比较,讨论了这几种材料的性能和优缺点,最后展望了此类太阳能电池的研究方向和应用前景。     

低热固相反应法合成掺Eu~（3＋）的双磷酸盐KZnLa（PO_4）_2及其光致发光性能研究

在表面活性剂PEG-400的存在下,于室温下研磨ZnSO4.7H2O,La（NO3）2和K3PO4.3H2O的混合物,使其进行固态反应。研磨结束后,将反应混合物在60℃下保温4 h。用去离子水洗去混合物中的可溶性无机盐,在100℃下烘干,即得纳米晶KZnLa（PO4）2的前驱体。煅烧前驱体得到纳米晶KZnLa（PO4）2。前驱体和它的煅烧产物通过热重和微分热分析,傅立叶变换红外光谱和X-射线粉末衍射表征。结果表明,前驱体仅是结晶度低的化合物;前驱体在高于700℃下煅烧2 h,得到具有高结晶度的纳米晶KZnLa（PO4）2。以相同方法合成了KZnLa0.94Eu0.06（PO4）2,在900℃下煅烧2 h,得到的KZnLa0.94Eu0.06（PO4）2在紫外线照射下是一种发射红光的荧光粉。     

低热固相反应法合成掺Eu3+的双磷酸盐KZnLa（PO4）2及其光致发光性能研究

在表面活性剂PEG-400的存在下,于室温下研磨ZnSO4.7H2O,La(NO3)2和K3PO4.3H2O的混合物,使其进行固态反应。研磨结束后,将反应混合物在60℃下保温4 h。用去离子水洗去混合物中的可溶性无机盐,在100℃下烘干,即得纳米晶KZnLa(PO4)2的前驱体。煅烧前驱体得到纳米晶KZnLa(PO4)2。前驱体和它的煅烧产物通过热重和微分热分析,傅立叶变换红外光谱和X-射线粉末衍射表征。结果表明,前驱体仅是结晶度低的化合物;前驱体在高于700℃下煅烧2 h,得到具有高结晶度的纳米晶KZnLa(PO4)2。以相同方法合成了KZnLa0.94Eu0.06(PO4)2,在900℃下煅烧2 h,得到的KZnLa0.94Eu0.06(PO4)2在紫外线照射下是一种发射红光的荧光粉。