矿区坐标系与WGS-84坐标系转换方法

利用矿区平面三角控制网中的三等点进行GPS观测,采用三、七参数转换模型,建立了鹤岗矿区坐标系统与WGS-84坐标系统之间的联系,为矿区利用GPS技术进行矿区坐标系统测量实时动态,定位出所需矿区坐标、高程,并且进行精度分析。     

辽河西部凹陷杜84块兴隆台Ⅰ油层隔夹层识别、成因及分布特征

隔夹层是储层非均质性的主要控制因素之一,探讨隔夹层为油藏精细描述和剩余油研究奠定基础。以岩心、生产动态数据为基础,综合辽河西部凹陷曙一区1735口测井资料,利用电性及物性测试分析,按照岩心标定测井曲线,编制5种参数（声波时差、深侧向电阻率、感应电导率、孔隙度和渗透率）交会图。将研究区的隔夹层分为泥质隔夹层和物性隔夹层两类,并建立两类隔夹层定量划分标准和识别模板。研究区隔夹层发育主要受控于洪泛期沉积、局部区域水动力减弱、多期河道切割侵蚀、前积（侧积）和河床滞留沉积的综合作用。泥质隔夹层主要集中分布在滨浅湖和分流间湾处,物性隔夹层主要分布在水下分流河道分支处及分流间湾的局部;在靠近物源区,隔夹层分布较少且较孤立,仅在两期河道叠置间发育,而在远离物源区分布明显增多且厚度增大;隔夹层在垂向上的分布与所处的基准面旋回关系密切,在中期旋回上升半旋回的3个阶段,隔夹层自下而上数量增多、厚度增大。最后提出隔夹层的岩性、物性、厚度及展布特征影响蒸汽辅助重力泄油（SAGD）技术对辽河油田稠油的生产。     

Frequency shift attack on ‘plug-and-play’ quantum key distribution systems

Many imperfections in a practical quantum key distribution (QKD) system have been exploited by an eavesdropper (Eve) to attack the system. However, most of these attacks will introduce perturbations to the system while collecting information about the key. For example, the phase-remapping attack [Phys. Rev. A2007,75, 032314], in which Eve performs time shift on the signal pulse from the constant acting range of the phase modulation voltage to its rising edge to introduce an imperfection, results in an quantum bit error rate (QBER) of 14.6%, which is too high and will be discovered by careful users. In this paper, a frequency shift (FS) attack on ‘plug-and-play’ QKD systems with phase-coding BB84 protocol is proposed, in which Eve introduces an imperfection by the same method as she used in the phase-remapping attack. The most novel advantage of our FS attack is that Eve can get full information without introducing detectable QBER, which is more deceptive than the phase-remapping attack.     

基于SAP84的附着动臂塔式起重机结构设计

塔式起重机是现代工业区与民用建筑的主要机械之一,对一台电力建设所用大型动臂塔式起重机的机械结构设计进行了简单介绍。设计中考虑了整机的安全性与经济性,为了增加数据的准确可靠性以及结构的合理性,采用有限元软件SAP84分析,力求使整机的利用率达到最高。     

基于KXP84型加速度计的低成本机床振动测量单元设计

针对机床振动测量的实际需求,在分析了KXP84型加速度计的基础上,提出了基于KXP84型加速度计的一种低成本机床振动测量单元的具体软件、硬件实现方案。实验结果表明,机床振动测量单元切实可行,并且成本显著降低,具有实际的应用价值。     

杜84块兴Ⅵ组油水界面认识研究

杜84块兴Ⅵ组油层以蒸汽吞吐开发为主,后期将转入直平组合SAGD开发。该油层埋深范围-710~-840m,以厚层块状为主,厚度一般在30~80m,油水关系复杂,为底水油藏,已进入中后期开发阶段。兴Ⅵ组共有直井382口,水平井54口。目前已转入SAGD生产的直井有143口,水平井有21口,累计注汽480.4×104t,累计产油76.1×104t,累计产水403.3×104t,油汽比为0.16,日产液为4118.9t/d,日产油为545.8t/d,含水达到86.7%。兴Ⅵ组油层油水关系复杂,个别直井和水平井长期高含水生产,影响整体开发动用效果。通过测井资料,从电性和物性上深入研究兴Ⅵ组底部油水界面,建立统一的油水识别标准,并借助钻井取心、生产动态资料进一步验证,确定全区油水界面。运用新技术对油水发育进行三维地质建模,为后期兴Ⅵ组整体开发及转入SAGD开发后提供可靠依据。     

边顶水超稠油油藏SAGD蒸汽腔描述及调控对策

受油藏非均质性影响,无隔夹层边顶水的巨厚块状超稠油油藏SAGD蒸汽腔纵向发育不均衡,存在边顶水下泄风险。针对该问题,通过对辽河油田杜84块SAGD蒸汽腔的精细描述,立体刻画了蒸汽腔空间展布特征,并通过数值模拟对SAGD井组停止注汽、降低注汽量、间歇注汽、注非凝析气4种调控方式进行优化对比,论证不同开发方式对蒸汽腔扩展的影响,提出了SAGD蒸汽腔均衡调控对策。结果表明:4种调控方式均可抑制汽腔继续向上扩展,其中,间歇注汽更易于均衡汽腔,节约蒸汽用量,延长开发期,且具有油汽比高,净产油量高的生产特点。该研究对SAGD汽腔描述及控制技术具有技术指导意义。     

MODELING OF COPPER ION REMOVAL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING MODIFIED SILICA BEADS

Silica beads, containing 2-hydroxy-5-nonylacetophenoneoximc (LIX84) were prepared in order to examine the removal of copper ions from aqueous waste solutions. The process for copper ion removal using the modified silica beads was mathematically modeled using both a non-equilibrium model and an equilibrium model. The external mass transfer coefficient and effective diffusivity inside the bead pore were estimated by matching the experimental data and predicted values from the model, and the results were compared. The results of the two models were similar and in good agreement because of the relatively faster reaction rate than mass transfer rate. Sensitivity analyses showed that the external mass transfer has more influence on the copper ion removal system because of hydrophobic effects.     

AlP变质Si合金化ZA84合金的组织及力学性能

借助光学显微镜和JEM-2000FX透射电子显微镜(配备OXFORD ISIS EDXS附件)等分析手段,研究了AlP变质Si合金化ZA84合金的组织及力学性能。结果表明,ZA84合金、Si合金化ZA84(S1)合金及AlP变质Si合金化ZA84(P01)合金经固溶处理后,其Mg2Si及τ相的尖锐棱角变钝。ZA84合金的峰值时效时间在2 h,其纳米级的析出相沿基体α-Mg的(0001)密排面的[1010]晶向析出,而S1及P01合金的峰值时效时间推迟至8 h左右,其纳米级的析出相无取向分布。合金的析出机制均为连续析出。ZA84合金通过Si合金化、AlP对组织的变质和细化以及合金热处理,其力学性能得到了显著提高。     

Recovery of Copper from a Waste Heat Boiler Dust Leach Liquor using LIX 84I and LIX 622N

The dust collected from the waste heat boiler of a copper plant was leached with sulfuric acid and the leach liquor contained 31.63 kg/m³ Cu, 14.78 kg/m³ Fe, 2.21 kg/m³ Zn, 0.26 kg/m³ Co, 0.09 kg/m³ Ni, and 0.23 kg/m³ Cd. The iron content in the leach liquor was precipitated out using Ca(OH)₂ and from the filtrate copper was extracted with the extractants LIX 84I and LIX 622N in kerosene. Extraction of copper with either extractant increased with increasing equilibrium pH and extractant concentration. The McCabe-Thiele plots for quantitative extraction of copper indicated 3-stages at O:A ratio of 3:2 with 30% extractants. The counter-current extraction study showed 0.21 kg/m³ and 6.77 g/m³ copper in the third stage raffinates of LIX 84I and LIX 622N indicating 98.64% and 99.95% extraction, respectively. For extraction of a mole of copper ion, two moles of the extractant was required to release two moles of hydrogen ion to the aqueous phase. The quantitative stripping of copper from the loaded organic phases of LIX 84I and LIX 622N with 180 kg/m³ H₂SO₄ was possible in 3-stages at O:A ratio of 3:1 and 3:2, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS were calculated for both the systems. The enthalpy change (ΔH) values were positive for extraction of Cu with either extractant indicating the processes to be endothermic. The IR spectra indicated the association of phenolic-OH group of oxime molecules in the formation of copper complexes.