旋转图像中线目标的复原与提取方法研究

图像制导的滚转制导弹药中的成像探测器与弹体固连,由于弹体的滚转运动,会使探测器获取的图像中的线目标发生弯曲畸变现象。以机场跑道为例,从理论上分析了其旋转图像畸变弯曲的原因,建立了相应的数学复原模型,并在此基础上利用最小二乘参数估计与Hough变换相结合的方法对跑道边缘直线参数进行估计,计算分析结果表明,此方法实时性高、可靠性好、适应性强,对于各种失真现象的分析以及线目标的提取具有一定的应用价值。     

Sequential processing of quantitative phase images for the study of cell behaviour in real‐time digital holographic microscopy

Transmitted light holographic microscopy is particularly used for quantitative phase imaging of transparent microscopic objects such as living cells. The study of the cell is based on extraction of the dynamic data on cell behaviour from the time‐lapse sequence of the phase images. However, the phase images are affected by the phase aberrations that make the analysis particularly difficult. This is because the phase deformation is prone to change during long‐term experiments. Here, we present a novel algorithm for sequential processing of living cells phase images in a time‐lapse sequence. The algorithm compensates for the deformation of a phase image using weighted least‐squares surface fitting. Moreover, it identifies and segments the individual cells in the phase image. All these procedures are performed automatically and applied immediately after obtaining every single phase image. This property of the algorithm is important for real‐time cell quantitative phase imaging and instantaneous control of the course of the experiment by playback of the recorded sequence up to actual time. Such operator's intervention is a forerunner of process automation derived from image analysis. The efficiency of the propounded algorithm is demonstrated on images of rat fibrosarcoma cells using an off‐axis holographic microscope.     

Designing of Quasi—universal Compensator for Testing Aspherical Surface

According to the theory of testing aspherical surface by normal aberration compensation method,the designing method of quasi-universal compensator is studied.On the basis of third-order aberration theory,after calculating and optimizing with an optical design program,the structure parameters of a compensator are obtained.This new compensator could be used in Twyman-Green interferometer,and in measurement of a certain range of paraboloid ellipsoid and hyperboloid.The compensation accuracy is more than 0.02λ.     

非高斯束多功能电子束曝光机的电子光柱体设计

讨论目前电子束曝光机的基本结构和复合聚焦偏转系统的基本原理,并根据这一原理对已有的复合系统如MOL,VAL,PFDS等进行了研究。推导了双通道复合系统的象差公式,提出了设计广义变轴复合系统的方法。对其构成方式进行了讨论,具体设计出一个广义变轴复合系统。并推导了双通道复合系统的偏转场计算公式,设计了一个双静电偏转场双物镜复合系统。     

染色体畸变分析作为生物剂量测定方法的研究概况

本文叙述了染色体畸变分析作为生物剂量计的国内外研究概况。文中较详细地介绍了离体照射诱发染色体畸变的剂量-效应关系及其在事故受照人员剂量估算中的应用状况,对局部照射和分次照射条件下确定剂量-效应关系的有关问题进行了分析,对今后研究动向作了简要讨论。     

稳定性染色体畸变在远期辐射效应研究中的应用

染色体畸变分析可作为一种估算受照剂量的生物学方法,或作为指标用来评价辐射损伤。在各类染色体畸变中,以双着丝点和环较易识别,且在正常人群中极为罕见,故常被用作观察指标。但此类染色体畸变(即双着丝点或环)是不稳定的,随着受照后时间的延长,畸变率逐渐减低。这是因为含有非稳定性畸变的细胞,其结构上的缺陷,可使细胞分裂过程受到阻     

8MeV X线照射人外周血诱发的染色体畸变率及其相对生物效应

本文应用国产 DZY-10医用电子直线加速器产生的8MeVX 线离体照射人外周血,经54小时培养后,观察淋巴细胞的染色体畸变,双着丝点体畸变率与剂量之间关系适宜配成 Y=(1.97±1.95)×10~(-4)D+(2.74±0.71)×10~(-6)D~2。以180kVX 线诱发的双着丝点体的畸变率为标准,得到8MeVX 线、~(60)Coγ线和14MeV 中子的相对生物效应系数分别为0.59、0.63和2.03。     

放射性工作人员不稳定性染色体畸变分析

本文报道对314例放射性工作人员周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的分析结果。结果表明,职业组的淋巴细胞染色体畸变率高于对照组。双着丝点畸变率 y 随累积剂量当量 D 的关系,可拟合成线性 同归方程y=3.0×10~(-2)+5.0×10~(-4)D。无着丝点畸变率在观察的剂量范围内起始有随剂量当量增加而增加的趋势。     

Optimization of exit-plane waves restored from HRTEM through-focal series

Atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy has largely benefited from the implementation of aberration correctors in the imaging part of the microscope. Though the dominant geometrical axial aberrations can in principle be corrected or suitably adjusted, the impact of higher-order aberrations, which are mainly due to the implementation of non-round electron optical elements, on the imaging process remains unclear. Based on a semi-empirical criterion, we analyze the impact of residual aperture aberrations on the quality of exit-plane waves that are retrieved from through-focal series recorded using an aberration-corrected and monochromated instrument which was operated at 300 kV and enabled for an information transfer of ∼0.05 nm. We show that the impact of some of the higher-order aberrations in retrieved exit-plane waves can be balanced by a suitable adjustment of symmetry equivalent lower-order aberrations. We find that proper compensation and correction of 1st and 2nd order aberrations is critical, and that the required accuracy is difficult to achieve. This results in an apparent insensitivity towards residual higher-order aberrations. We also investigate the influence of the detector characteristics on the image contrast. We find that correction for the modulation transfer function results in a contrast gain of up to 40%.     

采用模式变形反射镜的激光谐振腔象差的自适应校正

基于Ｚａｒｎｉｋｅ多项式的概念，提出了三自由度模式变形反射镜激光谐空象差的自适应校正原理，分析了系统开环传递函数和系统稳定性，闭环系统计算机模拟结果表明，该系统在频率为１０Ｈｚ以下的外界相位扰动的情况下，能校正９０％以上的动态象差。