Sequencing analysis of a 40·2 kb fragment of yeast chromosome X reveals 19 open reading frames including URA2 (5′ end), TRK1, PBS2, SPT10, GCD14, RPE1, PHO86, NCA3, ASF1, CCT7, GZF3, two tRNA genes,three remnant delta elements and a Ty4 transposon

The complete sequence of a 40 247 bp DNA segment located on the left arm of chromosome X of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined and analysed. The sequence encodes the 5′ coding region of the URA2 gene and 18 open reading frames of at least 100 amino acids. Ten of these correspond to known genes, whereas eight correspond to new genes. In addition, the sequence contains a tRNA-Ala gene, a tRNA-Asp gene, a Ty4 transposable element and three delta elements. The sequence has been deposited in the EMBL databank under Accession Numbers: Z49405, Z49404, Z49403, Z49402, Z49401, Z49400, Z49399, Z49398, Z49397, Z49396, Z49394, Z49392, Z49391, Z49390, Z49389, Z49387, Z49386, Z49385.     

秦山核电基地外围环境大气3H、14C水平监测

自1992年,浙江省辐射环境监测站对秦山核电基地外围环境辐射水平进行了连续的监督性监测。1993~2005年,基地外围环境大气中3H浓度和以CO2形态释放的14C含量监测结果表明:与基地运行前本底水平及杭州市区对照点比较,夏家湾和杨柳村监测点大气3H浓度有逐步升高趋势;随着2002年12月并网机组的再次增加,在2003~2005年,夏家湾监测点大气3H浓度年平均值分别为129、201和348mBq/m3,分别为1993~2002年总平均值(34.8 mBq/m3)的3.7、5.8和10倍;夏家湾和杨柳村大气中以CO2形态释放的14C含量与杭州市对照点处相同水平。     

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the 14-3-3 Gene Family in Mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Members of the Mi14-3-3 gene family interact with target proteins that are widely involved in plant hormone signal transduction and physiology-related metabolism and play important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. In this study, 14-3-3s family members are identified by the bioinformatic analysis of the mango (Mangifera indica L.) genome. The gene structures, chromosomal distributions, genetic evolution, and expression patterns of these genes and the physical and chemical properties and conserved motifs of their proteins are analysed systematically. The results identified 16 members of the 14-3-3 genes family in the mango genome. The members were not evenly distributed across the chromosomes, and the gene structure analysis showed that the gene sequence length and intron number varied greatly among the different members. Protein sequence analysis showed that the Mi14-3-3 proteins had similar physical and chemical properties and secondary and tertiary structures, and protein subcellular localization showed that the Mi14-3-3 family proteins were localized to the nucleus. The sequence analysis of the Mi14-3-3s showed that all Mi14-3-3 proteins contain a typical conserved PFAM00244 domain, and promoter sequence analysis showed that the Mi14-3-3 promoters contain multiple hormone-, stress-, and light-responsive cis-regulatory elements. Expression analysis showed that the 14-3-3 genes were expressed in all tissues of mango, but that their expression patterns were different. Drought, salt and low temperature stresses affected the expression levels of 14-3-3 genes, and different 14-3-3 genes had different responses to these stresses. This study provides a reference for further studies on the function and regulation of Mi14-3-3 family members.     

微观组织对2A14铝合金轮毂力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响

通过电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、室温拉伸、浸泡腐蚀、电化学极化等测试分析方法,研究了2A14铝合金轮毂内部不同区域上微观组织的差异及其对力学性能和腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,2A14铝合金轮毂的芯部和1/4层的晶粒尺寸分别是113和54 μm,再结晶分数分别是16%和36%。1/4层的合金相和时效析出相的含量都大于芯部,其中两种时效析出相(θ’和Q相)的数量密度均为芯部的2倍左右。芯部具有较大的晶粒尺寸和较少的时效析出相,因此具有较低的力学性能。同时,芯部相对于1/4层具有较少的合金相和较大的晶界相间距,因而芯部的电化学腐蚀和晶间腐蚀倾向均低于1/4层。     

我国煤炭工业科技创新进展及“十四五”发展方向

煤炭是我国的基础能源和工业原料,长期以来为经济社会发展和国家能源安全稳定供应提供了有力保障。作为煤炭工业健康有序发展的核心动力,“十三五”以来,我国煤炭行业自主创新能力得到了大幅提升,实现了从跟踪、模仿到部分领域并跑、领跑的转变,取得了突出的成就。系统总结了“十三五”以来我国煤炭科技取得的主要成果,梳理了煤炭地质勘探、矿井建设、煤及共伴生资源开采、矿井灾害防治、煤机装备与智能化、洁净煤技术、节能环保与职业健康等7个领域所取得的理论、技术及工程应用方面的进展。分析了当前煤炭科技发展面临的共性问题,指出煤炭科技创新支撑我国煤炭工业高质量发展的能力依然不足。提出了煤炭科技自立自强、完善现代化煤炭开发利用理论与技术体系的“十四五”煤炭科技发展目标。围绕煤炭安全绿色智能开采和清洁高效低碳利用,明确了“31110”科技创新主要任务,包括煤炭绿色智能开采、煤矿重大灾害防控、煤炭清洁高效转化三大煤炭基础理论研究,煤炭资源勘查与地质保障、大型现代化矿井建设、煤炭与共伴生资源协调开采、煤矿灾害防治、煤矿智能化与机器人、煤炭清洁高效加工、煤炭高效转化利用、煤矿职业危害防治、煤矿应急救援、资源综合利用与生态保护十大重点领域核心技术攻关,煤矿井巷全断面快速掘进、复杂地质条件煤层智能综采、智能化煤矿建设、智能精细高效洗选、煤炭分质利用技术、煤炭液化及高端化工品制备、废弃矿井地下空间资源综合利用、矿区大宗固废资源利用、大型矿区生态修复、煤炭产品质量精准调控10项重大技术创新示范,复杂地质构造槽波地震探测、导井竖井掘进机凿井、掘支运一体化全断面岩巷掘进、煤矿井下水力压裂增透、干法矿物高效分离、采煤沉陷区土地复垦与农业生态再塑、智能无人综采工作面等百项先进适用技术推广应用,为“十四五”时期煤炭科技的发展方向提供了指导意见。     

真空扩散焊热循环对2A14铝合金接头界面演变的影响

分别选取500,530,560 ℃焊接温度,进行2A14铝合金真空扩散焊,保温时间为60 min,焊接压力为4 MPa,真空压力低于3.4×10-3 Pa.焊后用扫描电镜(SEM)观察接头的焊合率、界面和母材组织形貌.结果表明,在500 ℃固溶线以下温度进行2A14铝合金扩散焊时,主要是界面微区塑性变形破碎氧化膜,实现局部微量的金属之间连接,焊合率很低.温度继续升高到530 ℃,超过固溶线温度,但小于Al-Cu共晶温度时,增加了界面CuAl2相结合机理,焊合率有明显提高.焊接温度在Al-Cu共晶温度以上,达到560 ℃时,CuAl2相完全溶解并在晶界生成共晶液相.该液相挤压、破碎界面氧化膜,并填充界面微孔,焊接接头界面呈正弦波状界面形貌,因而焊合率显著提高.根据这一分析结果,建立了晶界液相生成与界面氧化膜的破碎模型.     

Reply to the alternative optimal growth controls

Sasaki (2002) argues that: (1) “the agglomeration effect in the (Lai and Yang 2002, (L-Y)) paper is different from the introduction of urban production in Sasaki (1998)”; and (2) the “treatment of public good in the (L-Y) paper is strange,” because the public good provided by owner-residents is only consumed by renter-residents. This reply shows that (1) the agglomeration effect in the L-Y model catches the key results of urban production presented in Sasaki's model; and (2) both renter and owner-residents consuming the public good have been developed in this reply. However, the major conclusions of the L-Y model are still hold. Received: February 2001/Accepted: September 2001     

Modeling for Predicting Flow Stress of Al-14Cu-7Ce Alloy at Elevated Temperature

在应变速率0.001~1 s-1、温度573~823 K的条件下,采用Gleeble 3500热模拟试验机对Al-14Cu-7Ce合金进行等温热压缩实验,并根据真应力-真应变的计算数值,建立了Al-14Cu-7Ce合金高温流变应力本构方程。结果表明,流变应力符合速率方程€=ADLGb/kT(sinhaLG)n;其中,应变的影响通过多项式拟合方式耦合进入材料常数A,αL和n。所建立的本构方程能够准确预测Al-14Cu-7Ce合金高温流变应力,实验条件下控制合金热变形的主要机制是位错攀移。     

基于ARX编程开发的轧机表格文档CAD系统

通过对ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＋＋５．０及其在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ中应用的研究,提出了在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ环境中实现汉化的图纸表格ＣＡＤ作业的可行性,并结合东北大学国家重点实验室自行开发的四辊厚板可逆轧机ＣＡＤ系统,利用当前较流行的ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤＲ１４绘图系统和ＡＲＸ编程,实现了在微机环境中的图纸表格ＣＡＤ作业。