强流质子加速器物理与技术关键问题

建造下一代散裂中子源,需要把质子加速器的束功率提高一个数量级。因此,明确其中的关键技术困难,并针对它们进行前期研究与开发,以求技术上有所突破,是建造价格昂贵的强流质子加速器的必经步骤。新的技术挑战主要源于束流流强的提高、加速器功率的提高以及对加速器可靠性、稳定性要求的提高。分别就这些难题进行了简略的说明,并讨论目前解决它们的技术途径和各主要技术环节的工艺水平。最后,还讨论了强流质子加速器架构的选择问题。     

Model for computation of solar fraction in a single-slope solar still

A new model that calculates the distribution of solar radiation inside a single-slope solar still has been proposed. In this model, the solar fraction on a vertical surface is divided into beam and diffuse parts and the optical view factors of surfaces inside the still are taken into account. To validate the model, outdoor tests of a conventional solar still were conducted under different weather conditions at the University of Strathclyde. The proposed model is compared with the previous one. It is found that the beam solar fraction is affected by both the geometry of the solar still and position of the sun in the sky. In contrast, the diffuse solar fraction is only dependent on the geometry of the solar distiller. The present model exhibited a lower root mean square error than that of the previous model. It appears that splitting the solar fraction into beam and diffuse parts improves the accuracy of modelling the performance of a single-slope solar still.     

Production of intense highly charged ion beams by IMP 14.5GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source

A new 14.5GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance(ECR) ion source has been constructed over the last two years.The source was designed and tested by making use of the latest results from ECR ion source development ,such as high mirror magnetic filed,large plasma volume,and biased probe.140μA of O^7 ,185μA of Ar^11 and 50 μA of Xe^26 could be produced with a RF power of 800W, The intense beams of highly charged metallic ions are produced by means of the method of a metal evaporation oven and volatile compound throuth axial access,The test results are 130μA of Ca^11 ,70μA of Ca^12 and 65 μA of Fe^10 ,The ion source has been put into operation for the cyclotron at the Institute of Moderm Physics(IMP).     

用于束流输运计算的TRANSPORT-EM程序

一、TRANSPORT程序的功能及其局限性TRANSPORT程序是一个采用一、二阶传输矩阵和束矩阵计算粒子运动轨迹和束包络的计算程序。所计算的系统包括漂移空间、两极磁铁、四极磁铁、六极磁铁、螺线管、行波加速段等。该程序能够处理束心位移、元件不准直和绕光轴旋转公差等问题。并且,能够自动进行系统优化设计,自动调整元件的参数以满足对系统在聚焦成象和象差修正方面的要求。     

Electron beam for LHC

A method of delivering a small energy spread electron beam to the LHC interaction points is proposed. In this method, heavy ions are used as carriers of projectile electrons. Acceleration, storage and collision-stability aspects of such a hybrid beam is discussed and a new beam-cooling method is presented. This discussion is followed by a proposal of the Parasitic Ion–Electron collider at LHC (PIE@LHC). The PIE@LHC provides an opportunity, for the present LHC detectors, to enlarge the scope of their research program by including the program of electron–proton and electron–nucleus collisions with minor machine and detector investments.     

梁单元与壳单元在固有振动计算中的比较

分别采用ANSYS中的beam188单元和shell63单元对圆筒形结构进行有限元建模,利用APDL语言编制了程序,计算了长径比为4～20的圆筒形结构的自由振动特性,对固有频率和模态进行了分析.结果表明,对于长径比>10的筒形结构,采用ANSYS中以Timoshenko梁为基础的单元基本可以满足要求;对于长径比<6的筒形结构,需根据工程实际,采用更接近结构实际情况的单元(如壳单元或体单元)建立模型,以提高计算结果的准确性.     

梁式引线肖特基混频管几何参数优化设计

利用CAD技术找出平面结构梁式引线混频管几何图形最佳尺寸,满足在特定条件下管子总电容和总电阴为最小,以提高截止频率改善器件性能.研制出的混频管在35GHz时双边带噪声系数为4.8dB,接近预期结果.     

Timoshenko精确法在悬臂梁适应性分析中的应用

利用有限元、小网格及其他数字技术求解端部加载悬臂梁的挠度及应力,这种方法证明了自适应程序的能力。但是在许多情况下,并没有符合这种精确求解方法的边界条件,因此影响了自适应程序的有效性。事实上,作为一个探索性的问题,这种精确解并不适用于自适应程序,因为完全精确的网格都是相同的。本文对此问题进行了讨论,强调了由于边界条件不匹配精确解而产生的一些错误,用一种更符合实际的悬臂梁模型与之做了对比;同时还讨论了程序的有效性。