Is the C-C Motif Ligand 2–C-C Chemokine Receptor 2 Axis a Promising Target for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis?

C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was originally reported as a chemical mediator attracting mononuclear cells to inflammatory tissue. Many studies have reported that CCL2 can directly activate cancer cells through a variety of mechanisms. CCL2 can also promote cancer progression indirectly through increasing the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages into the tumor microenvironment. The role of CCL2 in cancer progression has gradually been understood, and various preclinical cancer models elucidate that CCL2 and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) are attractive targets for intervention in cancer development. However, clinically available drugs that regulate the CCL2–CCR2 axis as anticancer agents are not available at this time. The complete elucidation of not only the oncological but also the physiological functions of the CCL2–CCR2 axis is required for achieving a satisfactory effect of the CCL2–CCR2 axis-targeted therapy.     

我国催化重整迅速发展

文章对我国催化重整生产现状、工艺技术、催化剂和发展趋势进行分析,目前连续重整为最有竞争力的工艺,大力发展芳烃等石油化工行业,加快连续重整生产工艺国产化的推广,有利于我国催化重整的可持续发展。     

角锥棱镜的入射角及有效反射面积分析

基于角锥棱镜的基本结构及定向反射的光学特性,证明了同一光束出射点与入射点的对称关系以及不同入射光束出射点与对应顶点投影点的偏移量关系。推导出不同入射条件下角锥棱镜最大入射角及有效反射面积的理论计算方法,并给出最大入射角随方位角和折射率变化的规律图线及有效反射面积随入射角、方位角、折射率变化的规律图线。研究为角锥棱镜阵列的有效反射面积、回波能量的计算、误差分析等提供理论基础,且对正确设计使用角锥棱镜具有重要的理论指导意义。     

连续重整联合装置用能优化改进

介绍了中国石化股份有限公司金陵分公司第Ⅰ套连续重整联合装置节能优化改造及实施情况。通过精馏塔回流比、芳烃抽提溶剂比等操作参数优化,以及换热流程优化调整,增设邻二甲苯与二甲苯换热及采用工艺低温余热加热除盐水等措施有效实现了装置节能,优化改进后联合装置综合能耗下降419 MJ/t,达到了良好的节能效果,同时为下一步的节能改造提出了方案。     

固态脱氯技术在重整催化剂再生系统的开发应用

针对连续重整装置再生气体脱氯工艺流程和脱氯剂的开发进行了研究,采用固体脱氯剂替代原碱洗和水洗系统,简化了工艺流程,方便了操作。工业应用结果表明,固态脱氯技术的应用,减少再生系统腐蚀,延长再生运行周期,同时降低了再生气体水含量,提高了催化剂再生性能,具有较好的经济效益和环保效益。     

燃煤CO2减排技术

燃煤CO2等温室气体的大量排放是造成全球气候变暖的一个重要原因。阐述了我国CO2的排放状况,概括了减少燃煤CO2排放的3种途径:提高能源效率、改革传统的煤炭燃烧利用方式、烟气中CO2的捕获与储存。综述了国际社会减排CO2的努力以及各国新一代的洁净煤技术计划。着重介绍了几种燃煤CO2减排的新技术,包括CaO碳酸化-煅烧循环的CO2分离(CCR)技术、O2/CO2循环燃烧技术及化学链燃烧(CLC)技术。比较了CaO碳酸化-煅烧循环的CO2分离技术与使用MEA的吸收技术的经济性。提出了一类用于化学链燃烧的新型非金属氧载体,给出了这些氧载体在与不同气体燃料组成的反应系统的热力学以及动力学特性的一些初步结论。     

A new concept for catalysts of asphaltene conversion

One must understand the mechanism of bottoms cracking in asphaltene conversion in order to design a catalyst to affect this change. Asphaltene molecules are big, multiple stacked, porphyrin structures containing high concentrations of heteroatoms. They readily deactivate catalysts. Until now, the first stage of asphaltene conversion has not been given much attention. This first stage, that of demetallization, has been regarded as a simple metal take-up zone which guards the subsequent hydrotreating portion of the catalyst from undue fouling by metal sulfides. Large pore size and good strength are more important for a demetallization catalyst than are hydrotreating activity. Supported sepiolite catalysts and modifications thereof are good candidates to meet these targets.     

连续重整催化剂密度分级技术的应用

海南炼油化工有限公司1.2 Mt/a连续重整装置首次大检修卸剂期间,约10.17 t铂重整催化剂被装置运行中产生的滞底高碳催化剂污染,采用颗粒状催化剂振动流态化密度分级技术对其进行分级处理,回收低碳催化剂4.71 t.开工过程中未发生再生器床层超温现象,避免了催化剂高温失活、再生器约翰逊网高温烧穿等现象发生,催化剂性能...     

连续重整技术领域中国专利现状与分析

对国内连续重整技术专利文献进行了检索,分析了国内专利申请情况,包括专利权人、总体技术发展趋势、研究热点等。分析表明,连续重整技术领域的申请量近年来呈快速增长趋势,中国、法国和美国申请人的申请量居于前列,其代表为中国石化、法国石油科学研究院(IFP)以及美国环球油品公司(UOP)。其中中国石化占据了50%的专利申请,IFP和UOP两公司占据了约25%的专利申请量。中石化在催化剂研制、催化剂再生技术和生产工艺及设备领域发明活跃。