Dynamics of electrically charged transient evaporating sprays

The evolution of an evaporating spray plume typical of those under consideration for use in direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines, for early and late fuel injection strategies is investigated. Here the effect of electric charge, present on individual drops, upon the spray dispersal and evaporation rate is investigated with the aim of optimizing these parameters with respect to typical engine timescales and injection strategy. The predictions suggest that applying electric charge to drops in sprays injected early into the intake stroke does not have a beneficial effect. The spray evaporation rate is not significantly enhanced, and the long time interval between fuel injection and ignition actually promotes spray wall deposition. Conversely, applying electric charge to sprays injected late encourages secondary atomization and the increase in surface area greatly improves the evaporation rate. This is also true at higher engine speeds, corresponding to a much reduced time between fuel injection and ignition. Therefore it is suggested that the selective use of electric charge is viable way of tuning the spray character without effecting fuel metering when moving from an early to a late injection strategy in DISI engines when variable loads are required. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

立式行星磨磨腔内流场的三维数值模拟

针对立式行星磨磨腔内流场的特点,运用计算流体力学方法对磨腔内流场进行三维分析。根据模拟结果,首次提出磨腔内流场结构特点,得到流场的速度场和压力场,为进一步分析被磨物料在磨腔内的运动和磨辊密封结构的设计提供理论基础。     

运用八叉树3D纹理实现CFD数据场的直接体绘制

基于3D纹理的直接体绘制算法可以在保证图像质量的同时达到较好的交互性能,但由于纹理内存的限制,大规模数据场的3D纹理直接体绘制比较困难。作者提出了一种适用于计算流体力学(ComputationalFluidDynamics,CFD)数据场的八叉树3D纹理分割算法。该算法首先对数据场进行层次分割,然后根据CFD数据场的四面体网格特点插值生成规则网格数据场,最后生成基于八叉树结点的3D纹理子块。试验证明该算法可以较好地实现CFD大规模数据场的直接体绘制,渲染速度基本达到交互性的要求,较好地体现数据场内部的层次与结构关系。     

高速气流加速下雾粒的传质

针对高分散气雾两相流动体系,提出了一种新的传质理论表达式,其传质系数用Kolmogoroff长度时间尺度进行关联,并开发出基于Monte Carlo和CFD的联合模拟方案.运用该传质表达式和模拟方案,成功地模拟了氢氧化钠与二氧化碳的气雾两相射流中和反应体系.结果表明相间传质时间尺度(1.6×10-4 s)远小于弛豫时间尺度(4.5×10-4 s),进一步研究说明尽管气雾相间传质的速率很快,但相间传递量是主要通过速度滑移实现的,相间传质对雾粒相的运动行为影响甚小,因而在工程上对于雾粒相运动行为的描述可以忽略传质的影响.由激光多普勒测速仪得到的实验数据证实了模拟结果,表明模拟能正确预测此类输运现象.     

电动客车外形设计与外流场数值模拟

针对电动汽车的特点 ,提出了旨在减小客车车身阻力系数的外形设计方案 ;并运用 Fluent软件对客车车身外围流场进行了数值模拟 ,得到了客车的空气动力特征和流场细节 ,为获得最佳的空气动力性的客车设计提供了直观依据     

尾水管高度和宽度对水轮机水力性能的影响

针对不同高度和宽度的尾水管,通过分析其内部水流的流动情况,论述了高度和宽度对尾水管设计的重要性,同时采用CFD分析和模型试验的方法来确定尾水管高度和宽度对水轮机水力性能的影响。     

结合定常CFD技术的当地流活塞理论

结合定常CFD技术和超音速非定常气动力工程计算方法——活塞理论，发展了一种基于超音速、高超音速定常流场求解非定常气动力的当地流活塞理论。适用于超音速、高超音速飞机颤振中的小振幅非定常气动力计算。通过与非定常Euler方程求解结果的比较，发现在马赫数不太高或大迎角的超音速流动中，其精度比原始活塞理论高得多，也能够计算超音速、高超音速下大钝头和考虑机身干扰的复杂外形非定常气动力，扩大了活塞理论的应用范围。与非定常Euler方程或N-S方程的数值求解相比，计算效率很高。     

On unconditional conservation of kinetic energy by finite-difference discretizations of the linear and non-linear convection equation

In the past the development of kinetic energy conserving finite-difference methods mostly focused on second-order accurate central methods defined on uniform grids. Nowadays the need for high-order accurate discretizations, to perform for instance accurate numerical simulations of turbulent flow, calls for the development of novel kinetic energy conserving discretization schemes. Instead of choosing a fixed basis discretization up front, in this paper a different, more general, approach is applied. For a Cartesian mesh, sets of conditions are presented such that all discretizations of the linear or non-linear convection equation which obey these conditions, unconditionally conserve kinetic energy.For the linear convection equation it is shown that on a uniform grid it is necessary and sufficient for a discretization to be central in order to be fully conservative, that is: such discretizations not only unconditionally conserve kinetic energy but also unconditionally conserve momentum. On non-uniform grids an algorithm is introduced that can be used to generate fully conservative discretizations that are at least first-order accurate.The derivation of the discretization conditions for the non-linear convection equation is performed in the two-dimensional (2D) linear case. Some examples on uniform grids and on non-uniform grids are presented. It is shown that on uniform grids no upper limit exists with respect to the accuracy of the kinetic energy conserving method. For the higher-dimensional linear and non-linear convection equation the same set of conditions, which ensure the unconditional conservation of kinetic energy, are found as in the 2D linear case. Other results too are found to be straightforward generalizations of the corresponding 2D linear results.It is shown that the fourth-order unconditionally kinetic energy conserving discretization on a staggered mesh introduced in this paper is well suited to simulate the initial development of an inviscid shear layer instability in a divergence-free flow.     

Numerical Simulation of Gas Flow During Arcing Process for 252 kV Puffer Circuit Breakers

A numerical simulation model for 252 kV puffer circuit breaker is constructed, by using a proven commercial computational fluid dynamics （CFD） package, PHOENICS...     

ACP100集成式堆顶结构可压缩气体对流传热数值模拟

反应堆集成式堆顶结构的功能之一是通过冷却气体的对流传热为控制棒驱动机构提供冷却。针对ACP100反应堆集成式堆顶结构建立完整的模型并划分流场网格,基于ANSYS/CFX软件分别对可压缩气体和不可压缩气体进行计算,并严格对比分析了其结果,重点研究气体可压缩性对对流传热计算结果的影响。计算结果表明,气体可压缩性对速度、温度分布和压降有较大影响,忽略气体可压缩性所预测的控制棒驱动机构表面最高温度偏低,控制棒驱动机构间隙气体最大流速和压降也偏低。