不同品种高粱酿造汾酒研究

试验对九个不同品种高粱的淀粉、单宁等与酿酒相关的指标进行了比较分析,同时利用它们进行了汾酒的中试酿造试验。试验结果表明,晋杂23#出酒率可达到45.5%,比出酒率最低的晋杂18#的出酒率高出3个百分点,晋杂22#、晋杂18#出酒质量理想,它们的一级酒率分别达到30.5%和30%,比晋杂27#高出24~24.5个百分点。说明晋杂23#属于酿酒汾酒的高出酒率品种,而晋杂22#和晋杂18#属于酿造优质汾酒的高粱品种。     

Preference mapping of apple varieties in Europe

A consumer test carried out in 7 different European countries compared 3 standard apple varieties to 8 new ones. A total of 4290 consumers took part in the test. Data from this test was used to develop a preference map for apple. The preference map was constructed with 3 main dimensions (1 – sweetness, fruitiness, flowery attributes, 2 – acidity, firmness, 3 – juiciness and crispness). Consumers were segmented in 6 clusters according to their preferences. The 6 clusters were grouped into two main mega clusters A (68% of consumers) and B (32% of consumers). Megacluster A (Clusters 1, 2, 5 and 6) was characterized by preferring sweet apples. Clusters 2 and 5 (41% of consumers) liked sweet apples independently of their acidity and firmness and moderate positive values on dimension of juiciness and crispness. Cluster 1 (21% of consumers) had an optimal point in positive values of the sweetness dimension, moderate negative value for acidity and firmness and moderate positive value for juiciness and crispness. Cluster 6 (6% of consumers) besides preferring sweet varieties disliked acid-firm varieties. As to regard to megacluster B (Clusters 3 and 4) (32% of consumers), they preferred varieties that were acidic-firm and juiciy and crisp with values in the mid range of the sweetness dimension. In spite of the difficulties in translating preference dimensions into standard practical values for fruit quality and the fact of being a punctual measurement of consumer behaviour, this preference map could be of practical use of different actors on the fruit value chain like marketers and breeders.     

固定化活酵母连续发酵生产糖蜜酒精

固定化活酵母技术，在广西平南糖厂酒精生产中使用，已取得了高收回和低消耗的效果。主要介绍了该技术的优点和使用该技术应注意的事项，并给出了所采用的双浓度流加连续发酵的工艺流程图。     

宝钢汽车钢板生产的现状及其发展设想

简介了宝钢现有汽车钢板产品的品种、质量及用户使用情况。提出在继续提高现有产品质量的前提下，应加强发展汽车用ＩＦ钢、高强度钢、镀层板，以及加强为用户服务的建议。     

Capitalising on North American speech resources for the development of a South African English large vocabulary speech recognition system

South African English is currently considered an under-resourced variety of English. Extensive speech resources are, however, available for North American (US) English. In this paper we consider the use of these US resources in the development of a South African large vocabulary speech recognition system. Specifically we consider two research questions. Firstly, we determine the performance penalties that are incurred when using US instead of South African language models, pronunciation dictionaries and acoustic models. Secondly, we determine whether US acoustic and language modelling data can be used in addition to the much more limited South African resources to improve speech recognition performance. In the first case we find that using a US pronunciation dictionary or a US language model in a South African system results in fairly small penalties. However, a substantial penalty is incurred when using a US acoustic model. In the second investigation we find that small but consistent improvements over a baseline South African system can be obtained by the additional use of US acoustic data. Larger improvements are obtained when complementing the South African language modelling data with US and/or UK material. We conclude that, when developing resources for an under-resourced variety of English, the compilation of acoustic data should be prioritised, language modelling data has a weaker effect on performance and the pronunciation dictionary the smallest.     

塑料用抗静电剂的种类及发展

介绍了塑料用抗静电剂的种类及特性,讨论了国内外的发展状况,并对发展方向及趋势做了论述。     

基于AHP及GDM的备件品种确定法

层次分析法(AHP)是一种将定性与定量分析相结合的决策分析方法,而灰色局势决策(GDM)中的效果测度可消除不同指标的量纲差异,统一效果样本极性。备件品种确定是个典型的多属性决策问题,各指标对目标的影响程度不同,且极性各异。本文将AHP用于指标的权重分析,并利用GDM中的效果测度将方案对各指标的效果样本值都转化为正极性,然后将同一方案对各指标的效果测度综合成综合效果测度,其值越大则备件储备必要性越大,方法简便且直观。     

Discrimination of European wheat varieties using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was used to discriminate wheat varieties. A total of 249 samples of different wheat varieties from the 2003–2004 harvest were used to develop the best discriminant equation, by applying various scatters and mathematical treatments in the range of 400–2500 nm. Wheat varieties from Spain were ‘Sarina’, ‘Bolero’, ‘Berdún’, ‘Soisson’, ‘Chamorro’, ‘Artur Nick’, ‘Berdun’, ‘Marius’, ‘Anza’, ‘Kalifa’, and wheat varieties from France were ‘Galibier’ and ‘Quality’. The equation developed with the highest accuracy had an applied scatter of weighted multiplicative scatter correction, a math treatment of 2, 15, 8 (order of derivative, gap data points over which the derivative was taken, number of data points used in performing average smoothing). The percentage of correctly identified varieties was 99.5% for the calibration sample set and 94% for the validation sample set. The results demonstrated the usefulness of NIRS combined with chemometrics as a rapid method for discrimination of European wheat varieties. Although the application of the discriminant equation developed for the 2003–2004 harvest yielded a high rate, further test measurements are necessary to evaluate the robustness of the equation.     

趋同于经济结构调整的税制结构选择

优化的经济结构是加快经济发展的激石,而科学、合理、优化、有效的税制结构是经济结构实现战略调整和重组的条件之一。优化的税制结构应改革目前诸多不合理的税制,建立与经济结构优化一致的税制结构。     

海洋平台用钢板品种发展及研发概况

随着我国海洋开发力度的不断加大,对海洋平台用钢的需求量不断增加,但高附加值海洋平台用钢仍需大量进口。在分析海洋平台用钢标准及品种基础上,综述了国内外先进钢铁公司海洋平台用钢的研发生产概况,并对下游海洋平台制造业进行了简要介绍。认为国内钢铁企业应抓住海洋平台制造业提供的市场机遇,进一步提高产品质量,加快开发高附加值产品并系列化生产海洋平台用钢。