开采沉陷中采深偏移系数的性质分析

在处理倾斜煤层的开采沉陷数据时,往往采用平均采深代替走向主断面实际开采深度,此时存在着采深偏移系数的情况,不可避免地造成了开采沉陷预测的不准确性.为了提高开采沉陷预测精度,通过理论推导,给出了采深偏移系数计算公式,分析了上覆岩层岩性、煤层倾角、松散层厚度等地质采矿条件对采深偏移系数的影响.同时,结合11个矿区的开采工作面资料,求取了以平均采深代替走向主断面实际采深时各地表移动变形值的偏差.结果表明,采深偏移系数随着覆岩强度和煤层倾角的增加而增加,随基深比的减小而减小.当煤层倾角达到20°以上时,应该考虑采深偏移系数对各移动变形值造成的影响,为矿山开采沉陷准确预测提供参考.     

微-纳米复合陶瓷超声振动磨削的塑性-脆性 转变特征研究

基于工件超声振动磨削的单磨粒运动模型,建立超声振动磨削单磨粒最大切削厚度agm ax公式;基于压痕断裂力学,给出硬脆材料超声振动磨削塑性-脆性转变临界条件,进行超声振动磨削与普通磨削对比试验,应用SEM和AFM分析陶瓷磨削表面微观形貌特征,重点研究磨削参数对其塑性-脆性转变特征的影响。研究结果表明,砂轮平均磨粒尺寸是影响塑性-脆性转变最为主要的因素,砂轮速度对其影响次之,磨削深度对塑性-脆性转变的影响最小;得出只有当agm ax小于临界切削深度agc时,才能实现硬脆材料塑性域磨削的重要结论。     

Prediction model of surface residual stress within a machined surface by combining two orthogonal plane models

The variation of surface residual stress within a machined surface layer caused by face turning was studied. The size of the tool’s corner radius and the feed rate affect residual stress. A process model using the finite element method is proposed and the mechanical effects of the corner radius and feed rate on a machined surface were discussed. When a tool with a small corner radius is used, surface residual stress perpendicular to the cutting direction becomes compression stress. As well, surface residual stress changes from tension to compression as the feed rate decreases. The process model consists of an orthogonal cutting simulation and an indentation-like simulation of a corner radius into a work piece surface. The simulated results show quantitative agreement with the residual stress measured experimentally. The integrity of the machined surface will be controlled more efficiently if the cutting conditions during finishing are determined with the proper consideration of the surface generating process.     

聚合物微球在油田深部调驱技术中的研究进展

深部调驱技术作为目前提高低渗非均质油藏采收率的有效办法之一,聚合物微球因具有良好的封堵性能和深入性能得到了广泛研究。本文详细介绍了聚合物微球在地层中的深部调驱机理,介绍了聚合物微球的制备方法,综述了聚合物微球的研究内容和研究现状,并指出引入纳米材料合成功能性聚合物微球能有效解决聚合物微球的稳定性,对低渗油藏后期开发具有重要意义。     

钢件的甲酰胺高温气体碳氮共渗

应用气体渗碳的计算机精确控制技术，对常用低碳钢（AISI8720）进行了高温气体碳氮共渗试验，对不同渗碳条件（在不同时间加入不可比例的甲酰胺）下低碳钢的渗层深度和硬度进行了测定和比较分析，得出渗氮介质比较例、时间等因素对于高温气体碳氮共渗过程的影响规律。     

Investigation of Creep Feed Grinding Parameters and Heat treatment Effects on the Nickel-base Superalloys

The Nickel base Superalloys are the most famous complicated and useable of Superalloys to make hot zone components of the gas turbines. The complicated dimensional tolerances, specially at the root of the blade show importance of grinding processes at the production of blades root. The prediction of the effect of machining parameters on the soundness of component surface strengthening for reaching to a suitable surface finishing and avoiding from crack formation at the work part during machining operation often is not easy and feasible so needs to more industrial investigation.This research is about frame 5 blade designed by GE and made from Superalloy IN738LC has been investigated. The formation of a plastically deformed and heat affected zone during grinding of Superalloy IN738LC with a high depth of cut but slow work speed (creep feed grinding) was investigated. Parameters such as work speed, depth of cut and radial dressing speed have been considered as variables and their effects have been studied. During experimental performed, the voltage and current of motor measured and power and special energy calculated.Some samples heat-treated (of the 1176℃ for 1 hr under neutral argon gas and cooling rate of 15℃/min up to 537℃ and then air cooling) to study grains recrystallization. Other samples have been created from the roots of blades and then coated by Nickel to measure boundary layer micro-hardness. The results show that increasing work speed leads to increasing the use power. Increasing the depth of cut, by increasing material removal rate, and the radial dressing speed, by decreasing power, lead to decreasing special energy. The temperature created by grinding lead to decreasing plastic deformation and boundary layer formation. When the radial dressing speed changes from 1 to 0.6μm/rev and other parameters are kept unchanged the roughness of surface increases and the special energy decreases. Sufficient dressing is very essential in limiting the width of the molten zone to few micrometers. As a result, it was found that local melting at contact spots to be a rather common mechanism during grinding of superalloys, lead to so-called white layers which can easily be observed on metallographic cross sections.     

An experimental study of tool wear and cutting force variation in the end milling of Inconel 718 with coated carbide inserts

Inconel 718 is a difficult-to-cut nickel-based superalloy commonly used in aerospace industry. This paper presents an experimental study of the tool wear propagation and cutting force variations in the end milling of Inconel 718 with coated carbide inserts. The experimental results showed that significant flank wear was the predominant failure mode affecting the tool life. The tool flank wear propagation in the up milling operations was more rapid than that in the down milling operations. The cutting force variation along with the tool wear propagation was also analysed. While the thermal effects could be a significant cause for the peak force variation within a single cutting pass, the tool wear propagation was believed to be responsible for the gradual increase of the mean peak force in successive cutting passes.     

切削刀具PVD涂层技术的发展及应用

PVD涂层是利用蒸发、辉光放电等物理过程 ,在基材表面沉积出所需要的涂层的技术 ,通常采用的 PVD技术有蒸发镀膜、离子镀膜和溅射镀膜三大类 ,其中离子镀和溅射镀适合于对切削刀具进行超硬材料涂层。本文着重介绍了溅射镀技术及采用该技术生产的几种重要的涂层 ,结合实例介绍了它们的使用性能 ,并对 PVD涂层切削刀具技术的研究进展 ,工业化生产及应用现状进行了综述。     

铝合金涡轮叶片砂芯芯盒的设计与制作

涡轮叶片铸件的难点是叶片砂芯的制作。采用线切割的方法制作涡轮叶片砂芯芯盒，用该芯盒手工起模制作叶片砂芯。对于产品批量适中的铸件，本制芯方法可行而适用。     

TIG焊和PAW焊中活性剂对焊缝熔深的影响

针对常规TIG焊生产效率低、熔深小等问题，研究了TIG焊和PAW焊中应用活性剂对焊缝熔深的影响。结果表明，应用活性剂后，在同样的参数下，同传统TIG相比，活性剂能够大幅度提高不锈钢、铝合金和钛合金的焊缝熔深。对于PAW焊，熔深也有增加，但是增加的幅度不如TIG效果明显，但对焊缝成形有很好的改善。同时，活性剂对铝合金焊接背面能够起到保护作用。对于钛合金，活性剂除了增加焊缝的熔深外，还能够大幅度地消减焊缝产生的气孔。