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41.
数字签名通常作为不可反驳的密码学证据用于解决电子交易中的纷争,但是其可信的时间戳和证书撤销服务在实际使用中代价很高。免撤销公钥框架作为一种新的PKI使得终端用户可以控制他自己的公钥证书的有效性,使验证证书不需要折回到CA去获取证书撤销信息.从而降低其使用代价。 相似文献
42.
Identification of gaps in mangrove forests with airborne LIDAR 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mangrove forests change frequently due to disturbances from tropical storms, frost, lightning, and insects. It has been suggested that the death and regeneration of trees in small gaps due to lightning may play a critical role in mangrove forest turnover; however, the large-scale quantification of spatial pattern and areas of gaps is lacking for investigating this issue. Airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technology provides an effective way for identifying gaps by remotely obtaining direct measurements of ground and canopy elevations. A method based on an alternative sequential filter and black top-hat mathematical morphological transformation was developed to extract gap features. Comparison of identified gap polygons with raw LIDAR measurements and field surveys shows that the proposed method successfully extracted gap features in mangrove forests in Everglades National Park. There are 400–500 lightning gaps per square kilometer in mangrove forests at the study sites. The distribution of gap sizes follows an exponential form and the area of gaps with sizes larger than 100 m2 account for 55–61% of the total area of gaps. The area of gaps in the mangrove forest in Everglades National Park is about 4–5% of the total forest area and the average gap formation rate is about 0.3% of the total forest area per year, indicating that lightning gaps play an important role in mangrove forest dynamics. 相似文献
43.
The main purpose of this paper is to find the mixed-mode stress intensity factors of composite materials using the crack opening displacement (COD). First, a series solution of the composite material with a crack was used to evaluate COD values. Then, the least-squares method was used to calculate mixed-mode stress intensity factors. This algorithm can be applied to any method that generates or measures COD values. The major advantage of this method is that COD values very near the crack tip are not necessary. Both finite element simulations and laboratory experiments were applied to validate this least-squares method with acceptable accuracy if the even terms of the series solution are removed. 相似文献
44.
基于纠错编码和小波变换的数字图像水印算法 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
毛秉毅 《计算机工程与应用》2003,39(3):90-92
文章提出了一种基于小波变换和纠错编码的数字图像水印算法,该算法不需要利用原始图像。实验结果表明,该算法较好地保持了图像的质量,并大大提高了检测的可靠性,对常见的图像处理方法显示了较强的鲁棒性。 相似文献
45.
46.
After the break-up of Czechoslovakia in 1993 the primary metrological standards authority almost fully remained in Slovakia. So we had to build our primary vacuum metrology anew. But we could do it using uptodate techniques that are more effective and they enable us to fulfil our task more effectively and in a shorter time.The steady demand to widen the lower pressure range and a steady demand for maximal accuracy collide with the financial possibilities open to a small country. So it is impossible to follow the classical pattern for the vacuum standards: liquid columns, static expansion system and dynamic expansion system. But it is possible to utilize contemporary progress in construction of piston manometers. This enables us to discard liquid column and static expansion techniques in favour of piston technique [Tesar J, Prazak D. Vacuum 2002; 67: 311, Tesar J, Prazak D, Krajicek Z. In:Proceedings of international symposium on Pressure and Vacuum, 2003. p. 169, Tesar J, Repa P, Prazak D, Krajicek Z, Peksa L. Vacuum 2004; 76: 491.]. Such system fulfils all the needs of a little industrial country and is economically acceptable. 相似文献
47.
In this paper, we propose an efficient design method for area optimization in a digital filter. The conventional methods to reduce the number of adders in a filter have the problem of a long critical path delay caused by the deep logic depth of the filter due to adder sharing. Furthermore, there is such a disadvantage that they use the transposed direct form (TDF) filter which needs more registers than those of the direct form (DF) filter. In this paper, we present a hybrid structure of a TDF and DF based on the flattened coefficients method so that it can reduce the number of flip‐flops and full‐adders without additional critical path delay. We also propose a resource sharing method and sharing‐pattern searching algorithm to reduce the number of adders without deepening the logic depth. Simulation results show that the proposed structure can save the number of adders and registers by 22 and 26%, respectively, compared to the best one used in the past. 相似文献
48.
Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) hyperspectral data is used to investigate the effects of topography on the selection of spectral end members, and to assess whether the topographic correction improves the discrimination of rock units for lithologic mapping. A publicly available Digital Elevation Model (DEM), at a scale of 1:50,000, is used to model the radiance variation of the scene as a function of topography, assuming a Lambertian surface. Skylight is estimated and removed from the airborne data using a dark object correction. The CASI data is corrected on a pixel-by-pixel basis to normalize the scene to a uniform solar illumination and viewing geometry. The results show that topography has the effect of expanding end member clusters at times resulting in the overlap of clusters and that the correction process can effectively reduce the variation in detected radiance due to changes in local illumination. When topographic effects are embedded in the hyperspectral data, methods typically used for the selection of end members, such as the convex hull method, can miss end members or result in the selection of nonrepresentative pixels as end members. Thus, end members selected by some conventional methods are very likely “incomplete” or “nonrepresentative” if the topographic effect is embedded in the data. As shown in this study, the topographic correction can reveal hidden end members and achieve a better representation of end members via the statistical center of isolated clusters. 相似文献
49.
数字测图,数字制图及勘测设计一体化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简述引用瑞得软件建立数字化成图系统,以进一步实现测量与工程设计一体化,使得繁琐的作业过程变为简单,缩短作业时间,不断提高生产作业效率。 相似文献
50.
介绍了一种用于RISC单片机PIC16C57的寄存器堆,讨论了为降低功耗所采用的分块结构,详细说明了译码逻辑、SRAM单元、读/写电路和文件选择寄存器等电路的形式及其工作原理 相似文献