水性紫外光木器涂料的研制

以水性UV丙烯酸酯树脂、水性UV脂肪族聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂为基料制备成水性紫外光木器涂料,经检测,水性UV涂装性能上大大得到改善,气味比普通UV涂料低、硬度比水性木器涂料高、表面效果与施工方法得到有效的改善,解决了水性木器、UV光固化涂料在喷涂技术领域遇到的技术瓶颈。     

A new method for determining dynamic grain structure evolution during hot aluminum extrusion

In this paper, a new method for analyzing the microstructure evolution of aluminum during deformation at elevated temperatures by extrusion is presented, which is entirely separated from secondary restoration effects viz. static recrystallization and grain growth. In order to observe the development of grains and their orientation under severe plastic deformation, a small-scale forward extrusion setup was designed which allows quenching the extrusion butt together with the die and the container immediately after extrusion to preserve the grain structure evolved during the deformation. The forming path and the forming history of a selected material point were calculated by numerical simulation. The evolution of the microstructure along the forming path was analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction. A database for the development of physically based phenomenological models for predicting and simulating the evolution of microstructure during the hot deformation of EN AW-6082 alloy is provided.     

304不锈钢点蚀的电化学噪声特征

使用电化学噪声技术,通过长期连续实时监测,对304不锈钢在0.5mol/L FeCl₃溶液中发生局部腐蚀的点蚀发展过程和腐蚀机理进行研究。综合谱图分析、时域统计分析、小波分析等诸多方法进行分析和论证。结果表明：电化学噪声的谱图可以明显地分为4个阶段,分别对应于点蚀发展过程中的钝态期、亚稳态点蚀期、稳态点蚀期及稳态点蚀后期。在时域分析时,先用3阶多项式拟合移除漂移,电流噪声标准偏差Si在亚稳蚀和稳态点蚀阶段发生明显的升高,噪声电阻(R_n)、点蚀指标(PI)在对应时间点表现出相应的降低或升高。小波分析表明,随着反应的进行,能量积累开始逐步增大;亚稳态点蚀期能量开始向d4~d6处累积,当进一步发展为稳态点蚀时d5~d8出现极大值。     

Comparative Oxidative Stability of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters by Accelerated Methods

Several fatty acid alkyl esters were subjected to accelerated methods of oxidation, including EN 14112 (Rancimat method) and pressurized differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC). Structural trends elucidated from both methods that improved oxidative stability included decreasing the number of double bonds, introduction of trans as opposed to cis unsaturation, location of unsaturation closer to the ester head group, and elimination of hydroxyl groups. Also noticed with EN 14112 was an improvement in oxidative stability when a larger ester head group was utilized. Methyl esters that contained ten or less carbons in the fatty acid backbone were unacceptable for analysis at 110 °C (EN 14112) due to excessive sample evaporation. With respect to PDSC, a correlation was noticed in which the oxidation onset temperature (OT) of saturated fatty esters increased with decreasing molecular weight (R ² 0.7328). In the case of the monounsaturates, a very strong inverse correlation was detected between molecular weight and OT (R ² 0.9988), which was in agreement with EN 14112. Lastly, a strong direct correlation (R ² 0.8759) was elucidated between OT and oil stability index (OSI, EN 14112, 80 °C). The correlation was not as strong (R ² 0.5852) between OSI obtained at 110 °C and OT. Disclaimer: Product names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.     

Electrodeposition of Chromium for Wear Resistance

Several types of rectifier have been used during the last thirty-five years to supply heavy current d c for plating and allied processes. Developments have followed different, sometimes conflicting, trends in various countries. Selenium, germanium and silicon are each acclaimed best, but each design has its minor disadvantages. After studying these drawbacks, a new concept of rectifier design using silicon is now introduced, providing the utmost simplicity with reliability and long life.     

Investigation of terminalia (Terminalia belerica Robx.) seed oil as prospective biodiesel source for North-East India

Terminalia (Terminalia belerica Robx.) is available in the northeastern region of India. The fruit of terminalia has some medicinal value and its kernel contains 43% oil. The prospect of terminalia oil for biodiesel production is investigated with reference to some relevant properties. The fatty acid profile of oil extracted from terminalia is found comparable with similar seed oils attempted for biodiesel production in this region. Terminalia oil contains 32.8% palmitic acid, 31.3% oleic acid, and 28.8% linoleic acid. The calorific value and kinematic viscosity of terminalia oil are 37.50 MJ/kg and 25.60 cSt, respectively. The calorific value and cetane number of terminalia FAME are within the acceptable limit of the EN 14214 standard. However, the flash point of terminalia FAME (90 °C) is relatively lower than the minimum required standard. Overall, the properties of biodiesel obtained from terminalia seed conform to the existing biodiesel standard. In addition to assisting the national biodiesel mission, the extension and regeneration of forest areas through terminalia planting would help us to curb the seemingly irreversible trend of de-forestation in the northeast region of India.     

Reinforced masonry beams under shear load – Proposals for future designs / Bewehrte schubbeanspruchte Mauerwerksbalken – Vorschläge für zukünftige Bemessungen

This article is written against the backdrop of the work of the European standardisation committees on the amendment of EN 1996‐1‐1 [N 4] which will also exert an influence on the design of reinforced masonry in Germany. This paper focusses on the design approaches of DIN EN 1996‐1‐1 for untensioned reinforced masonry beams under shear load in the ultimate limit state (ULS). Proposals are made to discuss their revision. The contents of E DIN 1053‐3 [N 3] and of the final draft of the guideline ”Flat Lintels” [7] are taken into account.     

Oxygenated compounds derived from glycerol for biodiesel formulation: Influence on EN 14214 quality parameters

The methyl esters of fatty acids (biodiesel) obtained via transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats are an alternative to current fossil fuels. A large amount of glycerol as a by-product is generated in this process and new applications for this surplus need to be found. Thus, the transformation of glycerol into branched oxygen-containing compounds could be an interesting solution to provide an outlet for increasing glycerol stocks. In this work, several oxygenated compounds, obtained by transformation of glycerol via etherification, esterification and acetalisation, have been assessed as components for biodiesel formulation. Different quality parameters have been evaluated following the procedures listed in the EN 14214 European Standard for biodiesel specifications. These parameters have been correlated with the amount and chemical nature of oxygenated derivate present in the biodiesel. The best performance as component for biodiesel formulation has been achieved by the mixture of ethers produced via etherification of glycerol with isobutylene. The addition of these compounds has not only improved the low-temperature properties of biodiesel (i.e. pour point and cold filter plugging point) and viscosity, but also did not impair other important biodiesel quality parameters analyzed. Although most of the studied oxygenated derivates do not significantly improve any biodiesel property, they do not exert a significant negative effect either. Furthermore, all of them allow an enhancement of overall yield in the biodiesel production. Nevertheless, further improvement could be addressed with a better purification to reduce the presence of non-desired impurities such as di-isobutylenes and unreacted acetic acid, which have a negative influence especially in acid number and oxidation stability.     

EN 50366标准新变化及对测试的影响

本文介绍了家用和类似用途电器进行EMF测试所使用的EN50366标准的新变化,并分析了新变化对测试过程及结果的的影响。