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991.
高岭土制备4A型沸石的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以广东省茂名高岭土为原料，经过煅烧活化、成胶反应、晶化、过滤等工序，制备出高品质的4A沸石。为了缩短4A沸石的生产时间，还进行了高岭土煅烧活化，制得的偏高岭土加碱直接高温高压反应制备4A沸石实验，结果表明此新工艺产品性能优良，钙镁离子交换性能高，生产周期短。此外，论文还考察了超声波对传统工艺制4A沸石的影响。 相似文献
992.
W. Liu Z.‐d. Zhang J.‐p. Liu L.‐j. Chen L.‐l. He Y. Liu X.‐k. Sun D.J. Sellmyer 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2002,14(24):1832-1834
993.
《Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science》2014,18(5):263-268
Epitaxial Ni thin films are integrated with tunneling barrier MgO on Si(1 0 0) substrate. During pulsed laser deposition, early island-like structure transformed into uniform thin film with increasing number of laser pulses. This led to transitions in exchange bias from positive to negative and back to positive, which is ascribed to morphology associated residual strain. The Ni island structure has a coercive field as high as 3 times of that of the continuous film. The current work holds a tremendous promise in the realization of magnetic devices integrated with the Si-platform. 相似文献
994.
《Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science》2014,18(1):1-5
This paper addresses epitaxial integration of magnetic materials with Si (1 0 0) based solid state devices. Epitaxial Ni82.5Fe17.5 (permalloy, Py) thin films have been synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on Si (1 0 0) using MgO/TiN as a template buffer. This epitaxial growth of these large lattice misfit systems was achieved through domain matching epitaxy (DME). The in-plane XRD pattern and selective area electron diffraction (SAED) results clearly indicate cube-on-cube epitaxial alignment. The bright field TEM image of Py/MgO/TiN/Si (1 0 0) heterostructure infers a Py layer thickness of ∼30 nm, with a well aligned island (150–200 nm) structure that is consistent with Volmer–Weber type growth. Magnetization data collected at 4 K and 300 K indicates that the easy axis of the magnetization lies in the plane of the Py. In addition, we have observed an intrinsic positive exchange bias (PEB) field of ∼104 Oe, where the magnetic hysteresis loop is shifted toward the positive field axis under zero field cooling conditions. 相似文献
995.
An original method, based on the energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction, has been recently proposed as a possible laboratory tool to accomplish long time resolved investigation of the water content in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. However, this method has never been applied to a real working fuel cell. Therefore, a clear comprehension of its effectiveness in terms of relevant parameters such as time and space resolution, sensitivity, and reproducibility has not yet been achieved. In this paper, all these aspects are discussed and clarified. In order to focus on the method overall effectiveness and on the extent of possible improvements, a basic experimental configuration for both the electrochemical station and the X‐ray equipment has been set. The method is described with particular attention to its operating principle and to the evaluation of the errors introduced in data assessment. Finally, applications to some model experiments, in particular working states of the device, are provided and the obtained results are discussed. 相似文献
996.
The cathode electrocatalyst layers were prepared by in situ growing Pt nanowires (Pt‐NWs) in two kinds of matrixes with various Pt loadings for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Commercial carbon powder and 20 wt.% Pt/C electrocatalyst were used as the matrix material for the comparison. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), polarization curves tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were carried out to examine the effects of the matrix materials on the Pt‐NW growing and the electrode performance. The optimum Pt‐NW loadings of 0.30 mg cm−2 in the carbon matrix (CM) and 0.20 mg cm−2 for the Pt/C matrix (PM) were obtained. The results indicated that the Pt‐NWs grown in the CM had a better crystalline, longer size length and better catalyst activity than those in the PM. The mechanism of the matrix affection is further discussed in this paper. 相似文献
997.
Oxygen transport in the porous gas diffusion layer (GDL), which is generally characterised by the oxygen effective diffusivity, is of great importance for the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The determination of the oxygen effective diffusivity is challenging due to the complex structure of the porous GDL samples. In the present study, a two‐dimensional network consisting of arms and nodes is adopted to illustrate how oxygen effective diffusivity is affected by the GDL structure under the condition with/without water invasion. Water permeation in the network is simulated using the invasion percolation algorithm and oxygen transport in the arms is described by Fick's law. The simulation results reveal that oxygen effective diffusivity under dry condition decreases with increase in the network heterogeneity. With water permeation, the oxygen effective diffusivity goes to zero even though water saturation is rather less than unity. The critical water saturation, above which the oxygen effective diffusivity becomes zero, is found to decrease with increasing heterogeneity. To enhance oxygen transport, four different modified networks are introduced in the present study. It is found that the network with large arms in oxygen transport direction has the best oxygen and water transport properties. 相似文献
998.
Effects of carbonization temperature and time during carbon riveting process on the stability of Pt/C catalysts have been investigated systematically. X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammograms, and accelerated potential cycling tests have been performed to characterize the catalysts. The experimental results show that the activity of the riveted Pt/C catalyst decreases with the increasing of the heat‐treated temperature and the extension of heat‐treated time due to sintering of Pt nanoparticles. The stability of the carbon riveted Pt/C catalysts exhibits the increasing trend with the increase of the carbonization time and temperature. Considering both of the activity and stability of the riveted Pt/C catalysts, the optimized carbonization temperature and time are 400 °C and 60 min for a Pt/VulcanXC‐72 catalyst with starting particle size before carbonization of 2.2 nm and 20 wt% platinum loading, respectively. 相似文献
999.
中国石油西南油气田公司川西北矿区江油轻烃厂回收装置采用透平膨胀机单机膨胀制冷工艺,回收中坝气田天然气中C_3以上组分,因仅配备了排气量为(16~17)×10~4m~3/d的低压气增压机组,在目前天然气处理量为40×10~4m~3/d、高压原料气量最低时仅有17×10~4m~3/d、原料气压力由3.65 MPa降到2.80 MPa左右的情况下,出现了透平膨胀机的膨胀比和冷凝效率降低、低温制冷系统冷量不足、液烃产品产量和C_3~+收率下降等问题,同时,也直接影响着装置的安全、平稳运行。为了提高回收装置的C_3~+收率,提出了4种工艺改造方案:①残余气循环工艺(RSV);②直接换热工艺(DHX);③原料气增压的单级膨胀(ISS)工艺;④原料气增压+DHX工艺。对比上述4种方案的轻烃收率、能耗和经济性后认为:上述第三种方案,即原料气增压的单级膨胀工艺静态投资回收期较短(0.74年),C_3收率为89.43%、液化气产量为19.04 t/d,分别较原工艺提高了46.32%和42.94%,同时其单位能耗较低,具有更好的经济效益,适合于该装置的工艺改造。 相似文献