解读哈佛大学卡朋特视觉艺术中心

哈佛大学卡朋特视觉艺术中心是柯布西耶晚期的代表作品,该文通过对卡朋特视觉艺术中心研究,探索柯布西耶设计的精神和手法。     

Organizing learning processes on risks by using the bow-tie representation

The Aramis method proposes a complete and efficient way to manage risk analysis by using the bow-tie representation. This paper shows how the bow-tie representation can also be appropriate for experience learning. It describes how a pharmaceutical production plant uses bow-ties for incident and accident analysis. Two levels of bow-ties are constructed: standard bow-ties concern generic risks of the plant whereas local bow-ties represent accident scenarios specific to each workplace. When incidents or accidents are analyzed, knowledge that is gained is added to existing local bow-ties. Regularly, local bow-ties that have been updated are compared to standard bow-ties in order to revise them. Knowledge on safety at the global and at local levels is hence as accurate as possible and memorized in a real time framework. As it relies on the communication between safety experts and local operators, this use of the bow-ties contributes therefore to organizational learning for safety.     

固定管板式换热器管板（不兼做法兰）的设计实践

针对工程实例,对采用SW6-1998 V3.0程序(基于(GB151-1999)计算方法与TEMA标准的计 算方法所得结果进行比较分析,总结出管壳式换热器不兼做法兰管板的设计经验。     

SLOWING DOWN FAST CITIES WITH DESIGNED EXPERIENCES

To challenge the stupefying homogeneities produced by dense and fast urban environments, designers should offer a range of experiences to create a “slowing city,” which first relies on the understanding of the character and range of “slow experiences,” then requires an empiricallydriven approach to attain it. Phenomenologically, slow experiences can be social or solitary; both are discussed. The former comes from “event” experiences that facilitate meaningful interactions among people, while the latter promotes a shift into “being mode” which can help replenish human’s attention. Using findings in psychology and neurocognition, this article suggests that architects, landscape designers, and urbanists adopt a scientifically-grounded phenomenological approach to designing healthy urban environments where people can flourish. More attention is required to investigate people’s experience of surfaces and textures, and of compositions with varying levels of patterned complexity, as well as the changeability of design features and approaches to combat habituation.     

THE WONDERLAND AT THE FOOT OF MOUNT QISHAN

As the core territory for the Zhou and Qin dynasties, the land at the foot of Mount Qishan in Shaanxi Province has significantly made the society and culture of China thrive and grow. The author retraced four routes to find out how the Zhou and Qin people explored and envisioned this landscape, both physically as settlements and spiritually as a wonderland. These routes include the migration path of the Zhou people from the north to the south of Mount Qishan to seek shelter from nomadic tribes; the path of the Zhou people moving from the west to the east along the Weihe River to conquer the Shang people and establish a new kingdom; the path of the Qin State to unify the other six states and found a great dynasty; and the route climbing from the Weihe Valley to Mount Taibai, the main peak of the Qinling Mountains. All the episodes happened on these routes had a profound influence on the ideology of Chinese society and cultural identity. For instance, the Zhou people’s observation on the landscape for farming and living, as well as their preference for the basin-shaped territory, significantly contributed to forming the Chinese geomancy (Feng Shui) and developed into an ideal territorial image of being the “kingdom in the center” (literally meaning “China” in Chinese); the artistic representation of sublime reflected the Qin people’s fight for survival and honor; and the described Kunlun Wonderland perfectly expresses both religious ideals and worldly desires.     

Predicting employee information security policy compliance on a daily basis: The interplay of security-related stress,emotions, and neutralization

We conceptualized security-related stress (SRS) and proposed a theoretical model linking SRS, discrete emotions, coping response, and information security policy (ISP) compliance. We used an experience sampling design, wherein 138 professionals completed surveys. We observed that SRS had a positive association with frustration and fatigue, and these negative emotions were associated with neutralization of ISP violations. Additionally, frustration and fatigue make employees more likely to follow through on their rationalizations of ISP violations by decreased ISP compliance. Our findings provide evidence that neutralization is not a completely stable phenomenon but can vary within individuals from one time point to another.     

起·承·转·合 ——解读巍宝山长春洞空间布局的结构章法

长春洞是巍宝山保存最完整的宫 观，虽占地不到两亩①，却在有限的空间中 创造出九楼十院的空间格局。本文以长春洞 空间布局序列为研究对象，从知觉体验的 连续性入手，提出了空间变化对参观者情感 的影响，论述了在建筑空间布局序列中参观 者知觉体验逐层递进的控制机制，探讨了以 “起、承、转、合”为结构，以“知觉体验”为 章法的动态空间布局设计手法，希望为道教 建筑空间与其他超越日常的精神空间的研 究提供启示。     

当代香港历史建筑“保育与活化”的经验与启示

运营模式、制度保障及公众参与 等不够完善是内地历史建筑保护与更新面 临的挑战。历史建筑保护在香港越来越受 到重视，在多方努力下，取得了一定的积极 成果。以实地调研为基础，结合实际项目典 例分析，从政府管理体系、公众参与方式以 及活化与保育方法方面来介绍香港对历史 建筑“保育与活化”的经验。可借鉴其成功 经验，通过设立专门机构与较为完善的管 理体系、构建政府-社会机构-公众“伙伴 关系”、丰富活化利用多样性来推动内地历 史建筑的保护与更新。     

Trust and distrust on the web: User experiences and website characteristics

The aim of this research is to study the content of trustful and distrustful user experiences on the web to identify website characteristics that enhance trust or cause distrust. We collected users’ reports about critical incidents and quantitative questionnaire data by means of an online survey. Results from N = 221 participants suggest that distrust is mostly an effect of graphical (e.g., complex layout) and structural (e.g., pop-ups) design issues of a website, whereas trust is based on social factors such as reviews or recommendations by friends. The content of a website affects both trust and distrust: privacy issues had an effect on distrust and security signs enhanced trust. Furthermore, we show how trustful and distrustful user experiences differ in terms of perceived honesty, competence, and benevolence. High honesty and competence characterize a trustful experience, whereas a distrustful experience is associated with missing honesty and missing benevolence. We discuss how different website characteristics help to enhance trust or to prevent distrust and how this impacts the allocation of design resources.     

学界泰斗季羡林的成功之路

本文简明地叙述了学界泰斗季羡林的成长道路．揭示了他治学成功的一些“秘诀”,给后辈学子提供了不可多得的宝鉴。