Methodological approaches for histamine quantification using derivatization by chloroethylnitrosourea and ELISA measurement. Part II: Optimisation of the derivatization step

In a previous paper (part I), new strategy was used for raising antibodies against hapten (< 300 Da) and the quantification of these hapten by ELISA using derivatization by chloroethyl nitrosourea (CENU). After raising antibodies against histamine, they were characterized and used for ELISA measurements. Optimal detection conditions were determined for the histamine quantification by ELISA method. The present study investigates the derivatization step of the histamine by chloroethylnitrosourea (CENU). Five factors (2 qualitative: nature of the solvent and nature of the antibodies and 3 quantitative: pH, % of solvent and time of derivatization) have been considered. Optimal reaction conditions were established by calculation of a validated model.     

The experimental investigation of a pulse tube refrigerator with a ‘L’ type pulse tube and two orifice valves

In order to simplify the structure of the cold end of the pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) and have a better utilization of the cold energy of the system, a single stage four-valve pulse tube refrigerator (FVPTR) with a ‘L’ type pulse tube structure and two orifice valves at the hot end of pulse tube has been constructed. Verification experiments show that a two-orifice valve structure gives different adjustments to the gas flow rate of the hot end of the pulse tube than that of the one-orifice valve structure, a lowest temperature of 72 K was obtained at a frequency of 2.5 Hz under a system average pressure of 1.6 MPa with 200 mesh bronze screens as regenerator material, 20 mesh copper screens as stuffing material of heat exchanger. Due to the difficulty in manufacturing the thin ‘L’ type pulse tube, the wall thickness of the pulse tube in the experiment is relatively bigger than that of the ordinary pulse tube, which resulted in relatively big system loss and affected the minimum temperature of the system to a certain degree.     

移动式~(37)Ar快速测量原型系统演示总结报告

研制了用于全面禁止核试验条约现场视察的移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统。进行了移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统演示活动。演示活动通过车载运输、模拟样品快速分离纯化测量、地下样品快速取样分离纯化测量、取样有效性四个场地试验和三次实验室验证测试,全面展示和验证了移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统的技术状态和性能指标。演示结果表明:移动式37Ar快速测量原型系统最小探测下限满足探测当量大于1kt的地下核试验的要求,且具有“机动、快速、小型”的特点,但系统仍需在降低探测限、增强稳定性和自动化程度等方面开展进一步研究工作。     

机器人仿真通用试验平台的设计与实现

阐述了建立一种通用的机器人仿真试验平台的方法。首先介绍了VC 6．0，OpenGL和MATLAB三种软件各自的优点；其次把这三者的优点结合起来，建立通用的机器人仿真试验平台；最后通过建立移动操作手的运动仿真系统为例，证明了这种试验平台的优越性和有效性。     

Experimental design with fuzzy levels

A novel technique is introduced for planning experimental design employing fuzzy rule-based systems. The significant aspect of the proposed experimental design with fuzzy levels (EDFL) is assigning a membership function for each level of variable factors. Consequently, the design matrix and observed responses can be represented in a set of fuzzy rules. Several examples are presented to clarify the proposed idea and the results are compared with the conventional Taguchi methodology. We have specifically planned an L18 orthogonal array EDFL for the solder paste printing stage of surface mount printed circuit board assembly to provide a model for the process and to optimize the selection of variable factors.     

DPH-Ⅰ智能教学动平衡机的研制

旋转机械的动平衡是机械设计课程中的重要内容,从课程要求出发,研制开发出了针对教学与实际应用的智能动平衡实验系统.该系统改变了传统的实验方法,采用虚拟仪器技术,科学的弱小信号提取方法,方便快捷的USB硬件接口技术,使系统智能化、小型化.     

台阶型旋转热管传热性能的试验研究

利用具有自蒸发循环的旋转热管冷却技术对旋转零部件 ,如电机主轴、切削刀具、混炼机转子、机床主轴等进行冷却 ,可大大减少转轴的热应力 ,提高转轴的使用寿命。设计了一种便于旋转热管内部工质既能顺利进行自蒸发循环 ,又利于制造加工的台阶型内部结构 ,介绍了实验装置 ,对台阶型旋转热管的启动性能、表面均温性能、最佳充液量和导热性能进行了试验研究。结果表明 ,台阶型旋转热管在 1min之内能迅速启动起来 ,表面均温性良好、没有过热点 ;其导热性能与旋转热管内部工质的流型、充液比V+ 、工作温度θ、转速n等因素有关。自蒸发循环旋转热管冷却技术与其他循环水冷却系统相比 ,具有良好的表面均温性、高效的导热性、无泄露 ,节约用水等优点。     

An improved model for the prediction of intra-cell buckling in CFRP sandwich panels under in-plane compressive loading

Local instability in the form of “intra-cell buckling” or “dimpling” is a well-known failure mode in honeycomb-cored sandwich panels with very thin faces. Most work reported on the subject suggests relatively simple design formulae for the estimation of the intra-cell buckling load. It is however widely known that these classical design formulae in some cases considerably underpredict the intra-cell buckling load. In this paper a series of experimental results obtained for different CFRP/honeycomb sandwich panel configurations loaded in compression are presented. The results confirm that the “classical” design formulae provide overly conservative results. During the tests the intra-cell buckling patterns were monitored carefully, and it was observed that the hitherto assumed buckling patterns did not correspond to the experimental observations. Based on these findings a new simplified design formula is suggested, which for the investigated CFRP/honeycomb sandwich panels provides significantly more accurate predictions than the “classical” design formulae.     

Computational modeling of flow over an ogee spillway

This paper presents an investigation into the hydraulics of regular ogee-profile spillways. The free-surfaces of the fluid for several flow heads as measured in the hydraulics laboratory are used as benchmarks. The finite element computational fluid dynamics software, ADINA, was used to predict the free surface over an ogee spillway and thus model the flow field. Since the actual flow is turbulent the k-ε flow model was used. For the cases considered in this paper, ADINA predicted reasonable free surface results that are consistent with general flow characteristics over spillways. The results are also in close agreement with measured free-surface profiles over the entire length of the spillway.     

Experimental study and simulation of a hydraulic engine mount with fully coupled fluid-structure interaction finite element analysis model

Non-linear properties of a generic hydraulic engine mount (HEM) are identified and characterized by experiment and simulation approaches. The experimental methods for obtaining static and dynamic performances of the HEM are presented. The characteristics of two configurations of the take-apart HEMs (one is with an inertia track and a free decoupler and the other one is only with an inertia track) and their rubber springs are studied. The relations between static stiffness of an HEM and its rubber springs in three orthogonal directions are investigated. The influences of preload, excitation amplitudes and frequencies on the dynamic stiffness of an HEM are verified. The effects of the free decoupler on dynamic characteristics of the HEM are studied by comparisons of the test results of the two HEMs. The dynamic fluid pressure and the temperature in the upper chamber of an HEM are measured under different excitation conditions. A fully coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and finite element analysis (FEA) model for simulation of HEMs is developed in this paper, which can be used to simulate the static and dynamic performances of the HEMs with only stress versus strain relations of the rubber materials, the fluid physical parameters and the HEMs sizes. The simulated results of one HEM with the proposed model are given, and the results match well with the measured data, or in coincidence with the working mechanisms of HEMs.