B级钢中频感应熔炼用镁砂坩埚的失效与防护

根据B级钢中频感应熔炼过程中镁砂坩埚的工作环境特点,指出坩埚失效的主要形式:热应力开裂、侵蚀变薄、表层剥落、钢液渗透、表面结渣等,并对其失效机理进行分析。通过调整镁砂的颗粒级配,采用多相复合技术,在坩埚的特定区域使用特定坩埚材料的分区捣筑、合理安排烧结工艺、精心操作、精心修补。从而提高了坩埚使用寿命。     

Failure mode and effects analysis using D numbers and grey relational projection method

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a widely used risk assessment tool for defining, identifying and eliminating potential failures or problems in products, process, designs and services. Two critical issues of FMEA are the representation and handling of various types of assessments and the determination of risk priorities of failure modes. Many different approaches have been suggested to enhance the performance of traditional FMEA; however, deficiencies exist in these approaches. In this paper, based on a more effective representation of uncertain information, called D numbers, and an improved grey relational analysis method, grey relational projection (GRP), a new risk priority model is proposed for the risk evaluation in FMEA. In the proposed model, the assessment results of risk factors given by FMEA team members are expressed and modeled by D numbers. The GRP method is used to determine the risk priority order of the failure modes that have been identified. Finally, an illustrative case is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed model.     

化工槽车自动化洗涤装置失效原因分析及对策

对化工槽车自动化洗涤装置失效及其原因进行了分析,指出洗槽机的冲洗和抽水不匹配、洗涤工艺不满足设计要求、硬件出现故障及化学品性质的影响是导致洗涤失效的主要原因,提出了完善现场流程、优化工艺操作、使用自动化控制技术、加强设备维护和保养等解决失效的措施。     

邻二甲苯泵用机械密封的失效分析

针对国产化过程中，邻二甲苯泵用机械密封工作时产生的故障，进行了失效分析。为邻二甲苯泵用机械密封的改造提供了依据。     

ADHESION OF ELASTOMERS: DWELL TIME EFFECTS

The strength of adhesion of elastomers to rigid substrates generally increases with time of contact. This effect has been studied for samples of butyl and chlorobutyl rubber adhering to some rigid substrates. The peel strength increased continuously over long periods of contact until in some cases failure became cohesive within the elastomer layer. At higher temperatures the strength increased more rapidly, consistent with the WLF relation governing molecular motions. It is postulated that slow molecular rearrangements occur at the interface and increase the bond strength. A criterion for the observed transition from interfacial to cohesive failure is suggested.     

乙烯装置设备失效管理

按乙烯装置中设备的功能与作用进行分类,建立了各类设备的管理信息表,分析了常见的设备失效形式和典型的失效原因,并进行了归纳。开发了设备失效管理系统软件,介绍了该软件具有的各种功能。     

汽轮机高压主汽门螺栓断裂失效分析

采用宏观检验、紧固工艺分析、化学成分分析、力学性能试验、金相检验和断口分析等对抚顺发电有限责任公司1号机组高压主汽门断裂螺栓进行了失效分析,结果表明:螺栓硬度偏低,断口附近金相组织存在偏析且有混晶现象,断口边缘有蠕变空洞及裂纹,断裂从螺栓根部向另一侧扩展,无明显塑性变形属于蠕变脆性断裂。     

乙烯装置三机的自动控制系统

系统地介绍乙烯装置三机的自动控制系统，包括油系统、气系统和工艺系统的控制，并对运行以来发生的主要故障进行了分析，最后对控制系统发展的前景进行了展望。     

Numerical simulations of failure behavior around a circular opening in a non-persistently jointed rock mass under biaxial compression

Pre-existing discontinuities change the mechanical properties of rock masses,and further influence failure behavior around an underground opening.In present study,the failure behavior in both Inner and Outer zones around a circular opening in a non-persistently jointed rock mass under biaxial compression was investigated through numerical simulations.First,the micro parameters of the PFC^3D model were carefully calibrated using the macro mechanical properties determined in physical experiments implemented on jointed rock models.Then,a parametrical study was undertaken of the effect of stress condition,joint dip angle and joint persistency.Under low initial stress,the confining stress improves the mechanical behavior of the surrounding rock masses;while under high initial stress,the surrounding rock mass failed immediately following excavation.At small dip angles the cracks around the circular opening developed generally outwards in a step-path failure pattern;whereas,at high dip angles the surrounding rock mass failed in an instantaneous intact rock failure pattern.Moreover,the stability of the rock mass around the circular opening deteriorated significantly with increasing joint persistency.     

断路器防跳接线故障分析及措施

为了能同时使用断路器的两种防跳跃方式,改造了防跳回路的设计。采用跳闸位置继电器回路串入断路器常闭接点,则改变断路器机构防跳继电器自保持回路,使两种防跳跃方式相互配合。改造后,能防止各种原因引起的跳跃,又能消除分闸后不能再合闸,和合闸后绿灯仍亮的异常现象。