不同结构的超级电容器阻抗谱

研究了不对称超级电容器和碳/碳超级电容器在化成前后的阻抗谱变化规律.由锰酸锂(LiMn₂O₄,LMO)和活性碳(activated carbon,AC)组成的不对称超级电容器经过化成,电容器的高频(10 kHz)交流阻抗没有明显变化,而低频电容明显提高.不对称超级电容器由于采用电池型电极材料作为其中一极,使得其阻抗特性与碳/碳超级电容器的阻抗特性不同.通过对化成前后的超级电容器交流阻抗谱进行分析,利用复数电容和复数功率两种形式讨论了不对称超级电容器的阻抗变化规律,确定了不对称超级电容器的时间常数;通过碳/碳超级电容器与不对称超级电容器的阻抗行为的比较,说明电池型电极的引入对电容器的频率响应特性造成的影响.     

Cu-P-RE耐候钢的耐蚀性能

通过干湿周浸加速腐蚀实验研究了不同稀土含量的耐候钢和对比普碳钢的腐蚀行为及其耐蚀性能.采用失重法测得了各试样的腐蚀率;结果发现,稀土耐候钢的腐蚀率远远低于普碳钢的,不同稀土含量的耐候钢的耐腐蚀性不尽相同.采用电化学交流阻抗技术对带锈钢样的表面锈层结构及电化学反应过程进行了研究,提出在本实验条件下钢电化学腐蚀的等效电路模型,计算出锈层电阻、极化阻抗等表征锈层性能的电化学元件参数值.稀土耐候钢锈层中存在半无限扩散和有限厚度扩散两种过程,有限厚度扩散极化阻抗反映了耐候钢内锈层的保护性能.     

Improving the Corrosion Protection of Poly(phenylene methylene) Coatings by Side Chain Engineering: The Case of Methoxy-Substituted Copolymers

This work aims to improve the corrosion protection features of poly(phenylene methylene) (PPM) by sidechain engineering inserting methoxy units along the polymer backbone. The influence of side methoxy groups at different concentrations (4.6% mol/mol and 9% mol/mol) on the final polymer properties was investigated by structural and thermal characterization of the resulting copolymers: co-PPM 4.6% and co-PPM 9%, respectively. Then, coatings were processed by hot pressing the polymers powder on aluminum alloy AA2024 and corrosion protection properties were evaluated exposing samples to a 3.5% w/v NaCl aqueous solution. Anodic polarization tests evidenced the enhanced corrosion protection ability (i.e., lower current density) by increasing the percentage of the co-monomer. Coatings made with co-PPM 9% showed the best protection performance with respect to both PPM blend and PPM co-polymers reported so far. Electrochemical response of aluminum alloy coated with co-PPM 9% was monitored over time under two “artificially-aged” conditions, that are: (i) a pristine coating subjected to potentiostatic anodic polarization cycles, and (ii) an artificially damaged coating at resting condition. The first scenario points to accelerating the corrosion process, the second one models damage of the coating potentially occurring either due to natural deterioration or due to any accidental scratching of the polymer layer. In both cases, an intrinsic self-healing phenomenon was indirectly argued by the time evolution of the impedance and of the current density of the coated systems. The degree of restoring to the “factory conditions” by co-polymer coatings after self-healing events is eventually discussed.     

一种椭圆球面波调制信号自适应峰均比抑制方法

该文针对椭圆球面波(Prolate Spheroidal Wave Function, PSWF)时域正交调制信号峰均功率比过高,易受功率放大器非线性影响,造成信号失真,导致系统解调性能下降的问题,提出一种基于律压缩的自适应峰均比抑制方法。该方法能够根据输入信号自适应调节压缩参数,有效压缩信号峰值,降低PSWF调制信号峰均功率比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, PAPR),同时保证压缩前后信号平均功率不变。理论论证和仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效抑制PSWF调制信号PAPR,当压缩参数为1且互补累计分布函数CCDF为10-4时,压缩后调制信号与原调制信号相比PAPR降低约2.1 dB;有效改善经过功放后调制信号功率谱和系统在高斯白噪声信道下的误码性能。     

确定分形函数的局部奇异性指数及其谱

基于配分函数的多分形形式仅仅提供了信号奇异性指数的全局描述,并没有给出局部信息,然而在实际应用中,揭示出信号的局部奇异性信息往往更具有重要性。该文提出了一种确定信号局部奇异性指数的新算法,构造了一种类似于奇异性谱的直方图,并用来描述信号奇异性的全局统计分布。数字试验验证了该算法的有效性。     

Structural changes and product distribution of typical Xinjiang coals and chars during pyrolysis

This study used micro-Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and gas chromatography–flame ionization detector/thermal conductivity detector (GC–FID/TCD) to analyze the structure and pyrolysis reactions of nine typical coals and chars from Xinjiang. The study fitted 10 Gaussian bands of typical Xinjiang coal and investigated the changes in coal structure during coalification and pyrolysis. The results indicated that the reduction degree of CO structures in coal during coalification had a rough linear relationship with the V_daf (dry ash-free volatile matter) content. During coalification, the condensation of aromatic rings is accompanied by a continuous decrease of CO structures, while the contents of cross-linking and substitution structures decrease persistently relative to the large aromatic ring structures. The influence of coal type on char yield for typical Xinjiang coal is within 15 wt.%; the influence on tar yield is within 8.5%, with a greater impact on the yield of alkanes and phenols in tar; the influence on CO yield in pyrolysis gas is within 6.3%. The relative content of large aromatic ring structures in coal is relatively stable during pyrolysis, while the relative content of small aromatic ring structures declines as coal transforms into char. The study inferred that small aromatic rings might decompose and transform into tar after pyrolysis reaction, which also resulted in a high selectivity of phenolic products in tar from most coal pyrolysis above 40%. This study revealed the structural changes and pyrolysis product distribution of nine typical coals and chars from Xinjiang, providing useful information for their utilization.     

基于小波和动态时间弯曲的时间序列相似匹配

提出了一种基于小波和动态时间弯曲(DTW)距离的时间序列索引和相似匹配方法.该方法采用小波变换进行数据降维,利用R^*-tree建立多维索引结构.给出了查询序列的DTW距离边界和其在小波空间的查询超矩形的计算方法,从而将原始空间的基于DTW距离的相似匹配转换为小波空间基于欧氏距离的相似匹配.证明了此匹配方法不会产生漏报,给出了基于DTW距离的范围查询算法和近邻查询算法.实验结果表明该方法具有较高匹配精度和其较低的计算代价.     

黄原胶/溶菌酶体系相转变及其DSC分析

为探索黄原胶(XG)/溶菌酶(Ly)复合体系在自动酸化条件下相行为及在制备纳米凝胶过程中分子结构变化,采用透光率及热力学分别分析XG/Ly复合体系连续相转变规律及模拟碱和碱热偶合处理过程中XG和Ly的热力学特性。实验表明在连续酸化过程中,XG/Ly复合体系发生共溶体系、可溶性复合物、三维网络结构连续相转变过程,不同XG/Ly质量条件(3∶1、1∶1和1∶3)下发生相互作用的pH点分别为10.46、10.85和10.64,说明Ly可加快XG/Ly体系相转变进程;热力学分析表明制备纳米凝胶过程中XG及Ly原有结构均发生改变。      

电子舌技术在低钠盐配方检测评价中的应用

研究电子舌技术在低钠盐配方检测评价中的应用。利用伏安型电子舌对样品溶液进行数据采集,通过小波变换去除信号噪声;基于主成分分析和聚类分析对样品溶液进行分析评价;基于偏最小二乘法建立低钠盐配方的咸味得分预测模型。结果表明:小波变换能去除高频噪声,保留信号的有用成分;主成分分析和聚类分析能对样品进行区分分类,正确反映样品的亲疏关系;采用偏最小二乘法建立的咸味预测模型,建模集和预测集的RMSE分别为3.18%、1.75%,预测效果很好。研究结果为低钠盐配方品质评价提供了一种快速的检测方法。      

快速傅里叶变换中计算倒序的新思路

为了提高快速傅里叶变换的运算效率,减少运算时间,该文研究了FFT中倒序序列的计算。研究发现不同长度的倒序序列不相互独立,它们之间有深刻的联系,长度为N的倒序序列可以由长度为N/2的倒序序列生成。根据不同长度的倒序序列之间的相互关联性,给出了新的倒序序列的计算方法及相应的算法流程。通过计算仿真,验证了算法的正确性。该算法实现简单,而且运算效率高。与传统算法相比,新算法可将计算效率提高3个数量级。