低空导航吊舱信号处理系统设计

信号处理系统是低空导舱的核心系统,该系统是一个由ＴＩ公司ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０ＤＳＰ构成的紧耦合系统,完成地面跟随雷达的测距、测角、回收重点２,红外图象处理,伺县控制和与飞机航空电子 线系统通信等任务,实现了飞机超低空飞行中地形跟随功能和红外夜视能力。详细介绍导航吊舱信号处理系统的系统结构和有关信号处理模块的设计。     

基于图象的表面细节技术

主要讨论了几种基于图象的表面细节技术,这些技术可产生照生级的真实感绘制及惊人的视觉效果,并讨论它们在红外仿真成象中的应用。     

Investigation of the aluminum oxide/Si(1 0 0) interface formed by chemical vapor deposition

Thin films of aluminum oxide were deposited using trimethylaluminum and oxygen. The deposition rate was found to decrease with increasing temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate the film/substrate interface. When dry O₂ was used during deposition, the film/substrate interface was free of any silicon dioxide or aluminum silicate phase. On annealing the as-deposited films in Ar, a layer of silicon dioxide film formed at the interface. XPS results indicated that the O/Al ratio in the as-deposited films was higher than that in stoichiometric Al₂O₃. However, the ratio was found to decrease in the annealed samples suggesting that excess oxygen present in the deposited films is responsible for the formation of interfacial silicon dioxide layer. Interfacial phase formation was observed in the as-deposited samples, when small amounts of ozone along with oxygen were used as the oxygen precursor.     

Optimized infrared switching properties in thermochromic vanadium dioxide thin films: role of deposition process and microstructure

This work deals with high efficient optical switching properties at 68 °C of thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO₂) thin films deposited on amorphous silica substrates. VO₂ thin films were deposited by radio frequency reactive sputtering process. Conditions of deposition were optimized making use of parameters such as film thickness, gas ratio and substrate temperature. Process was optimized adjusting the distance between target and substrate, and dimensions of target and substrates, to obtain a good uniformity and reproducibility of the layers. X-Ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy convincingly illustrated that VO₂ thin films could grow on amorphous silica substrates with a specific preferential crystal orientation: the [001]_M crystallographic direction of oxygen octahedral chains is parallel to the substrate plane and corresponds with vanadium-vanadium links (insulating state) or with a maximum of electron delocalization (metal state). Optical switching properties in the mid-infrared range are discussed: transmittance, reflectance and emissivity values are strongly modified at the thermochromic transition temperature (Tc=68 °C). A maximum of optical transmittance contrast is observed for a thickness of 120-nm, then interpreted in terms of absorption law. Using a specific software, the n and k optical indices are determined and used to simulate the variation of transmittance vs. film thickness.     

在低信噪比及背景干扰下红外图像点目标和面目标的检测

红外寻的导引头点目标及面目标的检测是地空导弹和航空导弹的关键技术。中提出了高斯核自适应平滑滤波，并在此基础上依据点目标和面目标的边缘灰度值高及变化大的特点设计出提取方法，然后用区域增长恢复没有被提取出来的面目标的内部。实验表明该方法是正确和有效的。     

近红外光谱分析技术在油品质量分析中的应用

分析了近红外光谱在油品质量分析中应用的工作原理，介绍了常用的几种近红外光谱定量、定性分析方法．定量分析方法主要有多元线性回归(MLR)、主成分回归(PCR)、偏最小二乘法(PLS)与人工神经网络法(ANN)等；定性分析方法包括峰位鉴别法、模式识别法等，并对这几种方法进行了比较．进一步介绍了近红外光谱技术在柴油、汽油等油品质量分析中的应用成果．结果表明，近红外光谱分析技术是分析油品质量的一种有效而便利的方法，具有相当的工业应用价值．     

Total water vapor column retrieval from MSG-SEVIRI split window measurements exploiting the daily cycle of land surface temperatures

A physically based algorithm for the retrieval of total water vapor column (TWC) over cloud-free land surfaces proposed by Kleespies and McMillin [Kleespies, J.T., McMillin L.M. (1990). Retrieval of precipitable water from observations in the Split Window over varying surface temperatures. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 29, 851-862.] is evaluated and extended for use in atmospheric correction and surface irradiance calculation schemes. Thermal infrared split window channels at 10.8 and 12.0 μm of the MSG-SEVIRI (Meteosat Second Generation-Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager) instrument are used. The proposed algorithm takes advantage of the improved measurement capabilities of the MSG-SEVIRI instrument with its 15 min temporal resolution and its radiometric accuracy of 0.25 K and 0.37 K in the 10.8 and 12.0 μm channels. The temporal resolution allows exploitation of the daily land surface temperature variation. There is no further need for explicit auxiliary information on air and land surface temperatures, which is difficult to obtain on an operational basis. Updated coefficients for the split window parameterization are derived based on simulations of ‘top-of-atmosphere’ SEVIRI brightness temperatures for the globally representative Thermodynamic Initial Guess Retrieval (TIGR3) set of radiosonde profiles. It turns out that the linear dependency on the transmission ratio in both split window channels as originally proposed by Kleespies & McMillin [Kleespies, J.T., McMillin L.M. (1990). Retrieval of precipitable water from observations in the Split Window over varying surface temperatures. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 29, 851-862.] has to be extended towards a non-linear approach in order to make it applicable to the full range of global atmospheric conditions. Sensitivity studies reveal that the parameterization relies on the availability of input brightness temperatures with a variation larger than approximately 5 K during the daily cycle. The new TWC algorithm was tested with MSG-SEVIRI data for European and African regions for the period March-August 2004 and compared with radiosonde data. The results show that the algorithm is capable of producing TWC values with a mean bias of − 0.2 mm and an RMSE of 6.8 mm. From the total amount of 2583 coincidences for all viewing zenith angles both for winter and summer conditions, 82% were within a ± 5 mm and 94% were within a ± 10 mm difference interval between MSG-based and radiosonde-based TWC. A second comparison to European GPS measurements for the same period from March to August 2004 reveals a bias of − 3.0 mm and an RMSE of 6.0 mm. This result is obtained for 11 UTC GPS measurements which proved to match best the MSG-TWC values. Comparing MSG-TWC to daily cloud-free mean GPS values shows a lower bias of − 2.56 mm and an increased RMSE of 6.6 mm. These findings support the usefulness of the new MSG-based algorithm for surface irradiance calculations and atmospheric correction purposes.     

智能路灯控制设计

本设计以TI公司的MSP430F2274单片机为核心组建了一个智能路灯控制系统。该系统由核心控制模块、键盘和显示模块、信号检测模块、LED恒流驱动电源模块、报警模块组成;实现了人机交互、开关灯的时间设定、LED灯随交通情况的自动调节、独立控制LED开和关的时间、报警功能以及LED灯的调光功能。     

Information fusion to detect and classify pedestrians using invariant features

A novel approach to detect pedestrians and to classify them according to their moving direction and relative speed is presented in this paper. This work focuses on the recognition of pedestrian lateral movements, namely: walking and running in both directions, as well as no movement. The perception of the environment is performed through a lidar sensor and an infrared camera. Both sensor signals are fused to determine regions of interest in the video data. The classification of these regions is based on the extraction of 2D translation invariant features, which are constructed by integrating over the transformation group. Special polynomial kernel functions are defined in order to obtain a good separability between the classes. Support vector machine classifiers are used in different configurations to classify the invariants. The proposed approach was evaluated offline considering fixed sensors. Results obtained based on real traffic scenes demonstrate very good detection and classification rates.     

Infrared spectroscopy of carbon monoxide adsorbed on Pt/L zeolite

A series of 0.6 wt% Pt/MBaL zeolites, where M is Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs, were prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, chemisorption, and infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed carbon monoxide. Greater than 90% of the exposed platinum in the samples is associated with small clusters, less than 7 Å across, inside the zeolite channels. The remaining fraction of exposed platinum is on 100–500 Å crystallites outside the channels. Adsorption of carbon monoxide on the platinum at 25 °C produces a broad infrared band whose maximum shifts from 2065 to 2025 cm^–1 as the alkali cations in the zeolite are changed from Li to Cs. This shift is indicative of electron transfer between the cations and the platinum clusters. Heating the Pt/L catalysts to 225 °C produces new infrared bands at 2020–2015, 1975, and 1935–1920 cm^–1. The appearance of these low-frequency bands strongly suggests that the CO-covered platinum clusters change their structure during heating. We propose that the new structure is one in which the carbon monoxide molecules insert into spaces between the framework atoms of the L zeolite.