A dynamic linear programming approach to market allocation of renewable resources in the italian energy system: The case of solar thermal and biogas technologies

In Italy solar thermal energy and energy from biogas are two possible means of reducing dependence on energy imports. Using a multiperiod LP model (MARKAL) the authors assessed the likely potential of both technologies under various circumstances. The study covered the period 1980–2005, in five segments of five years. It focused only on the subsystem of the energy end-uses which can be substituted for by solar thermal and biogas technologies. The overall non-renewable sources which can be saved in 20 years by these technologies total 450 PJ (1 PJ = 10^{1 5} J) if the fuel prices rise at 0 per cent average annual, 1450 PJ if the fuel prices rise at 4.2 per cent average annual, 1860 PJ if the fuel prices rise at 7.2 per cent average annual and 3780 PJ if the fuel prices rise at 15 per cent average annual. However the most competitive technologies appear to be solar water heaters used mainly in the private and commercial sectors and biogas systems used mainly in the agricultural sector. The study was carried out by APRE under ENEA (formerly CNEN) contract and was intended to serve as an analytical basis for establishing an overall development and demonstration strategy for end-use renewable technologies in Italy.     

旋风燃烧器冷态模型内颗粒运动轨迹计算

在冷态模型流场内，考虑气流对粉煤颗粒的气动阻力，建立其运动微分方程式。通过计算，得到九种粒径的颗粒在流场中的运动轨迹、停留时间、着膜位置和气－固相相对速度与该燃烧器几何参数和气动参数的关系，为燃烧器的深入研究提出了建议。     

Robust adaptive control of robotic manipulators without the regressor matrix

A new adaptive controller is presented here for rigid-body robotic manipulators. It is stable and robust with respect to a class of external disturbances. The robustness of the adaptive controller is established without the ‘slow-varying’ assumption and the computationally demanding regressor matrix. The control law consists of a non-adaptive PD control part and an adaptive control part. It uses two adaptive matrices to compensate two uniformly bounded coefficient matrices derived from the original dynamics. A α σ|q?|-modified adaptive law is designed to adjust the adaptive matrices. A Lyapunov-type stability analysis indicates that the closed-loop system is uniformly ultimately bounded. The tracking error and compensation error will eventually converge into a closed region, which can be made arbitrarily small by adjusting the controller parameters. Simulation results are included to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller.     

Electrolytic regeneration of bleach solution in the motion picture industry

Cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic experiments have been carried out with both synthetic and commercial bleach solutions with a view to regenerating the same. Maximum efficiency could be achieved if the oxidation is carried out below an anodic potential of 0·80 V vs SCE. The data obtained in galvanostatic experiments with RCE confirm the results of the earlier technique.     

非线性滤波在射线图像降噪增强中的应用

射线数字成像是当前射线检测与诊断技术发展的方向，图像降噪增强是提高射线成像检测灵敏度和分辨力的关键。重点探讨以排序滤波为代表的非线性滤波图像降噪增强方法，对射线图像的处理表明，线性滤波在降噪的同时会引起较大的边级模糊，而排序滤波不仅降低噪声且能保持图像细节，提高图像质量效果明显。     

Use of cascade reduction potential for selective precipitation of Au,Cu, and Pb in hydrochloric acid solution

Optimization of reduction potential for electroseparation was studied for the recovery of gold, copper, and lead from acidic solution. A linear sweep voltammetric method enabled us to determine characteristic reduction potentials for each metal and the kinetics of the metal deposition indicated by current-voltage curves. In order to precipitate the metal species sequentially, reduction potentials were examined for the individual and mixed solutions of Au(III), Cu(II), and Pb(II). The three metals were reasonably well isolated from the mixed solutions such as Cu(II)/ Pb(II) and Au(III)/Cu(II)/Pb(II) in the order of the corresponding reduction potentials, in particular, the mass transfer controlled reduction potentials, obtained from linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurement.     

Multi-label core vector machine with a zero label

Multi-label core vector machine (Rank-CVM) is an efficient and effective algorithm for multi-label classification. But there still exist two aspects to be improved: reducing training and testing computational costs further, and detecting relevant labels effectively. In this paper, we extend Rank-CVM via adding a zero label to construct its variant with a zero label, i.e., Rank-CVMz, which is formulated as the same quadratic programming form with a unit simplex constraint and non-negative ones as Rank-CVM, and then is solved by Frank–Wolfe method efficiently. Attractively, our Rank-CVMz has fewer variables to be solved than Rank-CVM, which speeds up training procedure dramatically. Further, the relevant labels are effectively detected by the zero label. Experimental results on 12 benchmark data sets demonstrate that our method achieves a competitive performance, compared with six existing multi-label algorithms according to six indicative instance-based measures. Moreover, on the average, our Rank-CVMz runs 83 times faster and has slightly fewer support vectors than its origin Rank-CVM.     

基于线性动态系统稀疏编码的异常事件检测

线性动态系统模型结合稀疏编码实现异常事件检测。线性动态系统可有效地捕捉动态纹理在时间和空间的转移信息,描述视频的时空小块。然而,线性动态系统属于非欧氏空间,无法直接用传统的稀疏编码进行异常检测。基于约束凸优化公式,将相似性变换与稀疏编码结合,可实现线性动态系统稀疏编码的优化求解。实验表明,所提出的方法具有更好的性能。     

Fast method for SAR echo simulation of a three-dimensional ground scene

Due to huge calculation of SAR echo simulation of a three-dimensional (3D) ground scene, a fast simulation method is proposed. First, the data of a 3D ground scene are fractionally interpolated based on the Fractional Brownian Motion (FBM) model. Second, the data interpolated are divided into lots of small facets whose precision meets the simulation requirement, the backscattering coefficients of the small facets are calculated. Third, the shaded area is judged by the comparison method of overlook angles. Three parallel levels are analyzed and the kernel function is designed. Finally, the computing method of reduction adding and external thread are also utilized under the framework of GPU in order to get high efficiency. With the methods mentioned above, the imaging result of experimental DEM data verifies the validity and superiority of the proposed method.