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101.
Microstructural evolution during high-temperature oxidation of spark plasma sintered Ti2AlN ceramics
Bai CuiRafael Sa Daniel D. JayaseelanFawad Inam Michael J. ReeceWilliam Edward Lee 《Acta Materialia》2012,60(3):1079-1092
Microstructures of Ti2AlN ceramics synthesized and simultaneously consolidated from starting mixtures of Ti/Al/TiN powders by spark plasma sintering (SPS) were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam (FIB) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). When sintered for 10 min at 1300 °C, nearly single-phase Ti2AlN ceramics with elongated (∼22 × 6 × 6 μm) grains were obtained. After sintering for 10 min at 1200 °C and chemical etching, Ti2AlN nanowhiskers (150-200 nm dia., 1-5 μm long) were exposed in pores coexisting with TiAl, TiN and Ti2AlN grains. FIB-TEM studies revealed single-crystal Ti2AlN nanowhiskers in a TiAl matrix with orientation relationship [1 1 −2 0]H//[−1 0 1]γ, (0 0 0 1)H//(1 1 1)γ, γ = TiAl, H = Ti2AlN. The nanowhiskers are believed to form by diffusion of TiN into TiAl during SPS and to be exposed during the chemical etch. Microstructural development during high-temperature oxidation of dense Ti2AlN ceramics for 1 h at <1200 °C involves gradual formation on the surface of layered microstructures containing anatase, rutile and α-Al2O3. After 1 h at >1200 °C, more complex layered microstructures containing Al2TiO5, rutile, α-Al2O3 and continuous voids layers form. After heating to 1100 °C for 1 h and cooling to room temperature, planar defects are observed in surface TiO2 grains identified as stacking faults bounded by partial dislocations. After heating for 1 h at 1400 °C and cooling to room temperature, cracks propagate in TiO2 grains. It is believed that planar defects and cracks arise from stress generation in the oxide scale. Thermal stresses formed on cooling may arise from thermal expansion mismatch of phases (TiO2, Al2O3 and Al2TiO5) in the oxide scale, the high anisotropy of thermal expansion in Al2TiO5 and thermal expansion mismatch between the oxide scale and Ti2AlN substrate. Growth stresses formed during the isothermal oxidation treatment may arise from the volume changes associated with oxidation reactions of Ti2AlN. An oxidation mechanism for Ti2AlN ceramics is proposed, which involves initial reaction with atmospheric oxygen to form oxide phases, demixing of the mixed oxide phases, void formation due to the Kirkendall effect and gaseous NOx release. Oxidation of Ti2AlN <1200 °C with 1 h hold times is limited, while above this temperature the oxide scale grows rapidly, and Ti2AlN ceramics undergo heavy oxidation. 相似文献
102.
MAX相材料有作为事故容错燃料(accident tolerant fuel,ATF)包壳材料的潜力,为了全面了解MAX相材料在模拟正常工况下的腐蚀行为,使用基体为Ti3SiC2的MAX相陶瓷管材于400℃/10.3 MPa过热蒸气,360℃/18.6 MPa去离子水、3.5μL/L Li+1000μL/L B溶液和70μL/L Li溶液4种不同的水化学条件中进行腐蚀试验,采用XRD、SEM和FIB/TEM观察分析腐蚀前后样品的显微组织、晶体结构和成分。结果表明,Ti3SiC2管材在4种条件下的腐蚀速率均远高于参比Zr-4合金,腐蚀后主要检测到腐蚀产物TiO2,且其表面疏松多孔,未形成保护性的氧化膜。 相似文献
103.
串行数据采集无线数据传输模块的设计 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
以AT89C2051单片机为核心,设计了一个用串行A/D转换器MAX1226进行数据采集,单片无线收发芯片PTR2000进行数据传输的模块,给出了硬件构成,软件设计及部分程序.该模块电路简单、使用方便,有采样精度高、可靠稳定、功耗低等优点,能较好地实现数据的串行采集和无线传输,应用在工业数据采集、工业控制、医疗监护等场合. 相似文献
104.
一种新型快速的机器人三维图形仿真建模方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
姚智斌 《中国制造业信息化》2005,34(10):116-118
以MOTOMAN-SV3X机器人为原型,在3DSMAX中进行机器人各部件的实体建模,编制了CpenGL导入3DSMAX模型文件的接口软件.借助OpenGL图形库,使用Visual C++6.0编制了MOTOMAN机器人的图形仿真和控制软件.这种方法在PC机上可以快速建模并满足仿真形象逼真的要求. 相似文献
105.
采用VHDL编写出租车计费器系统程序,采用MAX+PLUSⅡ软件作为开发平台,进行了程序仿真,验证设计实现了出租车计价器的相关功能。 相似文献
106.
107.
Ke Chen Youhu Chen Jianning Zhang Yujie Song Xiaobing Zhou Mian Li Xiaomeng Fan Jie Zhou Qing Huang 《Ceramics International》2021,47(6):7582-7587
Medium- and high-entropy alloys or ceramics for tuning the physicochemical properties of materials by the combination of multiple principal elements have received much interest. Herein, a medium-entropy (Ti, Zr, Hf)2SC phase was synthesized attributing to the structural and chemical diversity of MAX phases. The crystal structure of (Ti, Zr, Hf)2SC was determined by the Rietveld refinement of XRD, SEM, and atom-resolved TEM along with EDS elemental analysis. Phase evolution of X-ray diffraction patterns and TG/DSC curves were employed to reveal the synthesis mechanism of (Ti, Zr, Hf)2SC from 2TiC–Zr–ZrC-2HfH2-3.2FeS reactant system. The Vicker's hardness and the electrical resistivity of (Ti, Zr, Hf)2SC were found higher than those of Ti2SC, but the thermal conductivity of (Ti, Zr, Hf)2SC was lower. 相似文献
108.
Yi Qin Tao Xiong Ting Zhao Jianfeng Zhu Jun Yang Yi Liu Xingang Kong Xiaohan Li 《Ceramics International》2021,47(9):12641-12650
The strengthening method of multi-element M-site solid solution is a common approach to improve mechanical properties of MAX phase ceramic. However, the research on capability of multi-element A-site solid solution to improve mechanical properties has rarely been reported. Thereupon, quasi-high-entropy MAX phase ceramic bulks of Ti2(Al1?xAx)C and Ti3(Al1?xAx)C2 (A = Ga, In, Sn, x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) were successfully synthesized by in situ vacuum hot pressing via multi-elements solid solution. The multi-elements solid solution in single-atom thick A layer was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mappings. Effects of doped multi-elements contents on the phase, microstructure, mechanical properties, and high temperature tribological behaviors were studied. Results demonstrated that the Vickers hardness, anisotropic flexural strength, fracture toughness, and tribological properties of Ti–Al–C based MAX ceramics could be remarkably improved by constitution of quasi-high-entropy MAX phase in A layers. Moreover, the strengthening and wear mechanisms were also discussed in detail. This method of multi-element solid solution at A-site provides new way to enhance mechanical properties of other MAX phase ceramics. 相似文献
109.
110.