微/纳米ZnO绒球的制备及对混合污水的光降解

以自制的谷氨酸-氟硼酸(GluBF4)离子液体水溶液为反应介质,以物质的量比为1∶6的二水合醋酸锌[Zn(Ac)2·2H2O]和NaOH为原料,室温(25℃,20min)制备前驱体,再微波辅助加热(80℃,10min)制备了纳米氧化锌粉体,获得了纳米结构微米尺寸ZnO绒球。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积(BET)、能谱(EDS)等对产物进行了表征。结果表明,所得产物为六方晶系纤锌矿结构,粉体粒径20.4nm,绒球比表面积为27.6m2/g。该纳米材料具有较高的光催化降解有机污染物活性。以紫外光为光源,50 mg微/纳米ZnO绒球为光降解催化剂,取500mL北京雪莲羊绒股份有限公司排污口混合印染污水进行光降解实验,在30min内光降解效率达到了100%,催化剂可回收重复利用,并对光降解机理进行了初步分析。     

Comparison of TiAIN,AICrN, and AICrN/TiAIN coatings for cutting-tool applications

Monolayer and bilayer coatings of TiAlN, AlCrN, and AlCrN/TiAlN were deposited onto tungsten carbide inserts using the plasma enhanced physical vapor deposition process. The microstructures of the coatings were characterized using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and atomic force microscopy （AFM）. The SEM micrographs revealed that the AlrN and AlCrN/TiAlN coatings were uniform and highly dense and contained only a limited number of microvoids. The TiAIN coating was non-uniform and highly porous and contained more micro droplets. The hardness and scratch resistance of the specimens were measured using a nanoindentation tester and scratch tester, respectively. Different phases formed in the coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The AlCrN/TiAlN coating exhibited a higher hardness （32.75 GPa）, a higher Young＇s modulus （561.97 GPa）, and superior scratch resistance （LcN = 46 N） compared to conventional coatings such as TiAlN, A1CrN, and TiN.     

自媒体时代民间微公益现状及发展

自媒体时代下,以具参与性与公开性的微博为平台,民间微公益应运而生。民间微公益迅猛的发展得益于微博独特开放的传播特性,出现参与者众多的盛况,但同时,公益性信息管理的规范,草根大众对公益发起及运作的科学性,又成为民间微公益发展的重要掣肘。本文以免费午餐为个案,对其发展现状进行研究,并提出相关的解决对策。     

基于Micro830的异步电动机控制系统设计

为解决异步电动机的控制问题,本文利用Micro830PLC控制器和PowerFlex 4M变频器,构建了异步电动机控制系统,结合RsLinx和FactoryTalk View Studio软件,实现了上位机对整套电机控制系统的实时监控。同时利用RsLinx建立OPC通讯,并在FactoryTalk View Studio上利用已建立的OPC数据服务器进行上位机操作。经过对控制系统进行调试及运行,结果表明,监控软件可以实现电动机启动、停止、正反转的自由切换,响应速度快,能够实现有效地控制,整个控制系统稳定性和精确度较高,操作方便,上位机监控软件能实现转速和方向的实时显示和有效控制。该系统实现了异步电动机方向和转速的准确控制,具有良好的应用前景。     

磨PCD刀具陶瓷结合剂金刚石砂轮的研究

本文研究制备Na2O-B203-Si02-Al203多元系基玻璃料,并配制成低温陶瓷结合剂,研究发现:耐火度为685℃,流动性为110%～130%,线膨胀系数为5.35×10-6℃-1的低温陶瓷结合剂具有优异的性能.制备的陶瓷结合剂金刚石砂轮在725℃烧成后,磨具的抗弯强度和洛氏硬度达到最佳值,分别58.61 MPa和77.9.用其磨削PCD刀片时锋利性好,磨削中间不需修整,砂轮耐用度高.运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了陶瓷结合剂金刚石磨具的断面形貌、磨削后磨削面形貌,表明结合剂对磨粒黏结牢固,断面组织均匀.     

钻井工具的MAG焊接工艺

在对钻井工具的焊接特点、MAG焊接缺陷进行分析的基础上，通过选择合适的焊接材料、优选焊接工艺参数、采用合理的环缝焊接操作技术，克服了MAG焊易出现的气孔、熔化区开裂缺陷，焊缝金相组织为回火索氏体，成功的将MAG焊应用到了钻井工具制造领域，提高了焊接效率、降低了焊接成本。     

锥面砂轮磨齿机主轴的数控分度研究

采用编码器条纹数放大和对分度齿轮的周节误差进行软件补偿的方法,可实现锥面砂轮磨齿机主轴的高精度分度.克服了传统分度方法因更换标准模板麻烦,精度不高等缺点.     

微细电极精密车削技术

对微细电极的精密车削工艺进行了研究，用人造金刚石刀具，加工出直径φ7μm的微细电极，用车削的φ11μm微细电极成功地加工出φ19μm的微细孔。研究结果表明，在微细电极的加工中，切削用量不仅对电极表面质量产生影响，而且关系到能否车削成功。     

Prediction of flank wear by using back propagation neural network modeling when cutting hardened H-13 steel with chamfered and honed CBN tools

Productivity and quality in the finish turning of hardened steels can be improved by utilizing predicted performance of the cutting tools. This paper combines predictive machining approach with neural network modeling of tool flank wear in order to estimate performance of chamfered and honed Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) tools for a variety of cutting conditions. Experimental work has been performed in orthogonal cutting of hardened H-13 type tool steel using CBN tools. At the selected cutting conditions the forces have been measured using a piezoelectric dynamometer and data acquisition system. Simultaneously flank wear at the cutting edge has been monitored by using a tool makers microscope. The experimental force and wear data were utilized to train the developed simulation environment based on back propagation neural network modeling. A trained neural network system was used in predicting flank wear for various different cutting conditions. The developed prediction system was found to be capable of accurate tool wear classification for the range it had been trained.     

离子注入工模具材料表面改性及其展望

介绍了我国及先进工业国家离子注入工模具改性的研究和应用方面取得的成果。展示了我国在离子注入改善工模具材料的抗磨损特性及使改性层韧化方面所做的有益探索和应用实例。作出我国离子注入表面改性的产业化进程已经获得进展的判断 ,并从经济因素和产业政策等方面 ,对推广离子束改性技术 ,加快产业化进程提出了建议