A New Method for Measurement of Helium Mass Flow Rate in the Cryogenic System of TORE SUPRA

The TORE SUPRA Tokamak was built by EURATOM-CEA association. The NbTi conductor of superconducting coils is inserted in a tight enclosure filled with pressurized superfluid helium of 0.125 MPa at 1.8 K. The thick casing is cooled to 4.5 K by 1.8 MPa in 4.5 K supercritical helium circulation. Around this thick casing, a 80 K thermal shield protects the parts at very low temperatures from the thermal radiation, which is cooled by pressurized helium at 80 K and 1.8 MPa. A new measurement method for helium mass flow rate of 80 K shield and 4.5 K casing is described in this paper. The commissioning was done on the two helium loops of the cryoplant: the supercritical 4.5 K thick casing and 80 K shields. The purpose is to improve control of the 4.5 K and 80 K refrigeration loops.     

逆向非接触测量技术浅析

随着光电子技术、微电子技术与计算机技术的快速发展，以及工业制造水平的提升，逆向工程与逆向非接触测量技术的应用日趋增多。为使几何量测量工作者对逆向工程，特别是对逆向非接触测量与曲模构建有一个比较简洁清晰的了解，本文就非接触测量的三角法原理与结构光视觉测量原理作了较为明晰的介绍，同时就曲模构建也作了一个简要的指引。     

电容传感器新型电容测量电路设计

提出了一种基于V／T变换的用于电容传感器的电容测量电路。它将被测微小电容变化量转换成时间信号并由单片机进行处理，电路结构简单，电路中没有影响测量稳定性和产生零点漂移的元器件，大幅度地降低了测量过程中的噪声。     

对人力资源会计若干问题的探讨

对人力资源会计几个重要问题如人力资源会计的定义、基本内容以及在我国建立人力资源会计的必要性和建立条件等进行了精辟论述，对人力资源成本会计和人力资源价值会计的关系作了探讨．     

State Primary Standards in the Area of Radiometry of Ultraviolet Radiation

The present article describes the system used for assurance of the uniformity of measurements of the characteristics of ultraviolet radiation in the wavelength band 0.03–0.40 μm for radiation sources and receivers based on the State Primary Standards of the unit of spectral density of radiance as well as the unit of radiant flux and unit of irradiance. __________ Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 17–20, November, 2005.     

Three Types of Mathematical Uncertainty Models

Mathematical models have been constructed for three types of uncertainty (interval, stochastic, and Bayesian), and the application of these models is discussed for describing measurements in the presence of unmonitored fluctuations leading to ambiguities in the results. __________ Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 9, pp. 39–44, September, 2005.     

Comparison of Particle Size Distributions Measured Using Different Techniques

In this article, particle size distributions (PSDs) measured by different techniques, including image analysis (IA), laser diffraction (LD), ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy (UAS), and focused-beam reflectance measurement (FBRM), are compared for spherical glass beads and nonspherical silica flakes. It is shown that particle shape strongly affects the results obtained by different techniques. For spheres, the PSDs obtained by IA, LD, and UAS agree well. There is no consistent result among different particle measurement techniques for nonspherical particles. The conversion between PSDs obtained by IA, LD, and UAS has been based on particle shape factors. Caution must be exercised when a measured chord length distribution (CLD) is used to indicate the PSD during a process because the CLD result obtained by FBRM is complex, depending not only on the PSD, but also on particle optical properties and shape.     

X射线衍射能谱法测定金属板材织构

介绍了一种X射线衍射能谱法测定金属板材织构的方法,其原理是利用一束连续波长的X射线以某一固定入射角照射到样品,用多通道能谱仪采集来自不同晶面的X射线强度,根据这些晶面反射X射线的能量差异,获得样品的织构信息.其优点是比常规的X射线衍射波谱法测定织构速度快、效率高.目前该方法已实际应用于宝钢分公司深冲薄板、冷轧电工钢板等的织构测定分析.     

An Evaluation of Digital Image Correlation Criteria for Strain Mapping Applications

Abstract:  The performance of four digital image correlation criteria widely used in strain mapping applications has been critically examined using three sets of digital images with various whole-field deformation characteristics. The deformed images in these image sets are digitally modified to simulate the less-than-ideal image acquisition conditions in an actual experiment, such as variable brightness, contrast, uneven local lighting and blurring. The relative robustness, computational cost and reliability of each criterion are assessed for precision strain mapping applications. Recommendations are given for selecting a proper image correlation criterion to efficiently extract reliable deformation data from a given set of digital images.     

比率法铂电阻测温及其在蒸汽计量中的应用

在蒸汽流量计量中,温度不仅作为监控参数,更重要的是用来计算密度.引入了一种基于比率法的铂电阻高精度测温方法,简化了接口电路,从而提高了热蒸汽密度和流量计量精度.利用MCU自身的资源构成了多路A/D接口电路,能使铂电阻信号直接入机,同时又兼容于标准电压或电流信号测量;长引线造成的误差被自动补偿而无须提供恒流激励源,多种漂移很大程度得到克服,因而获得了较高的稳定性和精度;软校正技术减小了对标准参考电阻精度的依赖,降低了成本,又方便了调试,这一实用的电路和方法已成功地应用于产品中,在0～550℃范围内,精度高于0.5%.