Fluid flow characteristics of single inclined circular jet impingement for ultra-fast cooling

The fluid flow characteristics of the single bunch inclined jet impingement were investigated with different jet flow velocities, nozzle diameters, jet angles and jet-to-target distances for ultra-fast cooling technology. The results show that the peak pressure varying significantly from nearly 0.5 to above 13.4 kPa locates at the stagnation point with different jet diameters, and the radius of impact pressure affected zone is small promoted from 46 to 81 mm in transverse direction, and 50 to 91 mm in longitude direction when the jet flow velocity changes from 5 to 20 m/s. However, the fluid flow velocity is relatively smaller near the stagnation point, and increases gradually along the radius outwards, then declines. There is an obvious anisotropic characteristic that the flow velocity component along the jet direction is about twice of the contrary one where the jet anlge is 60°, jet diameter is 5 mm, jet length is 8 mm and jet height is 50 mm.     

基于模型预测前馈-反馈控制的斗轮机上煤系统的优化

利用电厂悬臂式斗轮机循环往复式回转取煤过程中存在重复性的特点,记录前一回转周期取煤过程中的瞬时流量、悬臂回转速度和回转角度等数据,作为当前回转周期取煤时的煤层模型预测依据并进行前馈控制,以克服大迟延环节的影响;同时针对煤层模型预测不能准确预知当前取煤过程中突发的扰动,引入反馈系统进行控制,以解决煤层塌方等引起超载的问题.多次现场运行数据分析的结果表明,与原来的上煤系统相比,采用本方法的上煤流量更均匀,上煤效率更高.     

不同约束下机组组合决策结果的分析

机组组合因其约束集合的不同而具有不同的侧重点,因而适用于不同的场景。本文以单母线模型、计及直流潮流约束、计及交流潮流约束三类不同约束集下的机组组合问题为例,通过对决策结果的分析,探讨了网络约束制约机组启停的机理及三者之间的关联关系,并对其各自适用的场合提出建议。     

长春市粉煤灰蒸压加气混凝土围护结构传热系数现场检测分析

本文分析了传热系数现场检测方法的原理及适用条件,用热流计法检测粉煤灰蒸压加气混凝土围护结构的传热系数,并将实测数据与设计值、理论计算值进行了分析与研究．     

基于WSN和GPRS融合的大盈江水系河流生态流量监测系统研究

传统条件下的河流生态流量依靠经验和人工进行管理,根据经验和抽样得出数据,缺乏准确的数据依据及科学合理的统一规划。以云南大盈江水系为例,提出基于WSN和GPRS融合的河流生态流量数字监测系统研究,根据河流实际情况给出河流生态流量模型,确定水量监测设备模型,实现WSN与GPRS融合网络设计。     

Stochastic formulation of particle kinetics in wall-bounded two-phase flows

This paper presents a generalized framework of stochastic modeling for particle kinetics in wall-bounded flow. We modified a reflected Brownian motion process and straightforwardly obtained a Kramers equation for particle probability density function (PDF). After the wall effects were accounted for as a drift from zero in the mean displacement and suppression in the diffusivity of a particle, an analytical solution was worked out for PDF. Three distinguishable mechanisms were identified to affect the profile of particle probability distribution: external forces, turbophoresis effect, and wall-drift effect. The proposed formulation covers the Huang et al. (2009) model of a wall that produces electrostatic repulsion force and van der Waals force, as well as Monte-Carlo solutions for the Peter and Barenbrug (2002) model under a variety of relaxation times. Moreover, it successfully reproduces the two patterns of particle concentration profiles observed in experiments of sediment-laden open-channel flows. The strength of the wall-drift effect was found to be connected with the interaction frequency between particle and wall. Further exploration of the relationship among flow turbulence, particle inertia, and particle concentration is worthwhile.     

Large eddy simulation and proper orthogonal decomposition analysis of turbulent flows in a direct injection spark ignition engine: Cyclic variation and effect of valve lift

Large eddy simulation(LES)is used to calculate the in-cylinder turbulent flow field in a direct injection spark ignition(DISI)engine.The computations are carried out for three different maximum valve lifts(MVL)and throughout 100 consecutive engine cycles.The simulated results as well as corresponding particle image velocimetry(PIV)measurement database are analyzed by the proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)method.Through a new developed POD quadruple decomposition the instantaneous in-cylinder flow fields are decomposed into four parts,named mean field,coherent field,transition field and turbulent field,respectively.Then the in-cylinder turbulent flow characteristics and cycle-to-cycle variations(CCV)are studied separately upon the four part flow fields.Results indicate that each part exhibits its specific characteristics and has close connection with others.The mean part contains more than 50%of the total kinetic energy and the energy cascade phenomenon occurs among the four part fields;the coherent field part possesses the highest CCV level which dominates CCV of the bulk flow.In addition,it is observed that a change in MVL affects significantly the in-cylinder flow behavior including CCV,especially for the coherent part.Furthermore,the POD analysis demonstrates that at least 25 sample cycles for the mean velocity and 50 sample cycles for the RMS velocity are necessary for obtaining converged and correct results in CCV.     

Propagation law of shock waves and gas flow in cross roadway caused by coal and gas outburst

In order to study the propagation law of shock waves and gas flow during coal and gas outburst, we analyzed the formation process of outburst shock waves and gas flow and established the numerical simulation models of the roadways with 45° intersection and 135° intersection to simulate the propagation of outburst gas flow and the process of gas transport. Based on the analysis of the simulation results, we obtained the qualitative and quantitative conclusions on the characteristics and patterns of propagation and attenuation of outburst shock waves and gas flow. With the experimental models, we investigated the outburst shock waves and gas flow in the roadways with the similar structures to the simulated ones. According to the simulation results, when the angle between the driving roadway and the adjacent roadway increased, the sudden pressure variation range in adjacent roadway and the influencing scope of gas flow increased and the sudden pressure variation duration decreased. The intersection between the driving roadway and the adjacent roadway has no effect on airflow reversal induced by the shock waves and gas flow.     

考虑发电约束的输电断面最大传输能力

为了打破以往输电能力求解过程中发电机端电压维持不变的假设,提出了考虑发电约束求解最大输电能力(TTC)的新方法.根据大型风电场并网及同步发电机调速器和励磁系统等动态元件的运行限制,建立了计算输电断面最大输电能力的优化模型,并采用信赖域内点法进行序列迭代求解.在信赖域内,将非线性优化问题逼近为线性规划(LP)子问题,以构造的价值函数为依据调整信赖域半径.在New England 39节点算例系统中验证了模型和计算方法的有效性.实验结果表明,考虑发电约束的输电断面最大传输能力计算结果更接近系统的实际运行情况.     

深部煤岩动力扰动响应特征及数值分析

理论分析了动力扰动引起的应力波在煤岩空间内的传播规律;探讨了动力扰动引起的煤岩附加能量场特征规律;采用LS-DYNA软件进行数值模拟,分析了煤岩系统对扰动频率与幅度的响应特征及能量变化规律.结果表明:扰动幅度和频率对深部围岩稳定性具有较大影响,由动力扰动引起的附加能流密度与扰动幅度的平方成正比,扰动促使围岩应力集中区前移;最大反射能流密度峰值位置离自由面距离与扰动频率符合幂函数关系,扰动频率的增大加快了能量流动的速度,降低了单位时间流入煤岩单元的能量,表现为"高频低能,低频高能",扰动伴随着能量流的不均衡发展并相互促进.