快速渗透剂T合成中磺化反应工艺的优化

报道了对马来酸二异辛酯的磺化反应进行改进的研究。采用非外加的、少量的马来酸单异辛酯钠盐作为相转移催化剂，在常压下进行磺化反应得到标题产物。磺化反应最佳工艺条件：ｎ（ＮａＨＳＯ３）：ｎ酯＝１．０７：１．００（ｍｏｌ：ｍｏｌ）；ｍ水：ｍ酯＝０．８１：１．００（ｇ：ｇ）；加热介质温度为１３５￣１４０℃。对磺化废水的循环套用也进行了研究。     

Social problem solving as a mediator of the stress-pain relationship among individuals with noncardiac chest pain.

Objective: The present study tested the hypothesis that social problem solving (SPS) served to mediate the relationship between preceived stress and noncardiac chest pain (NCCP). Design: Adults undergoing stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) to determine the presence of underlying cardiovascular disease related to the experience of chest pain were recruited prior to stress testing to complete a series of self-report inventories. Main Outcome Measures: MPI results were used to identify individuals with NCCP (N = 166; 91 men, 75 women; mean age = 53.92 years, SD = 11.98). Measures included perceived stress, SPS, and chest pain frequency and intensity. Results: In direct tests of the mediational effects of SPS, it was found that two problem-solving dimensions, negative problem orientation and rational problem solving, each served as significant mediators of the effects of stress on both NCCP intensity and frequency. Conclusion: These results support a mediational analysis of NCCP that includes stress and SPS. As such, it identifies SPS as a potentially important clinical target to consider when developing future psychosocial-based therapy protocols for treating individuals with NCCP. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Countertransference issues in the assessment and treatment of trauma recovery with victims of violent crime.

This article examines countertransference in the assessment and treatment of recovery from traumatic incidents of adulthood, with specific focus on victims of violent crime. It reviews Freud's impediment theory, with particular attention to implications concerning empathic strain and vicarious traumatization. It introduces Wilson and Lindy's Type I Countertransference (avoidance), Type II Countertransference (overidentification), and their respective manifestations. It then proposes a Type III Countertransference (communicative) that applies a more totalistic perspective that utilizes concepts of splitting, projection, projective identification, and intersubjectivity. It differentiates between countertransference orientations to trauma that are content-based or processed-based as well as those that may be figure or ground. Finally, it presents some common countertransference reactions and roles that become enacted and therefore have treatment implications, examines the interaction between therapeutic and real relationships as contributors to those scenarios, and presents case examples. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

在ICRU球体上检验个人剂量计

本文介绍了对袖珍电离室型 X 及γ射线个人剂量计,以在~(60)Coγ辐射场中 ICRU 球体内的深部个人剂量当量 H_p(10)进行刻度的方法和结果;并对其用中等过滤 X 射线,测定了对 H_p(10)的能量响应和角响应。     

折叠带蒂髂腹股沟皮瓣修复手掌洞穿性缺损的围手术期护理

目的探讨带蒂髂腹股沟皮瓣折叠修复手掌洞穿性缺损的围手术期护理。方法2004～2008年,12例手掌洞穿性缺损应用带蒂髂腹股沟皮瓣折叠修复,采取心理护理、皮瓣受区、皮瓣供区准备、皮瓣血运监测、皮瓣固定护理、体位护理、饮食控制等围手术期护理。结果皮瓣全部成活,康复顺利,无并发症发生。结论该围手术期系统护理策略对带蒂髂腹股沟皮瓣折叠修复方法修复手掌洞穿性缺护理是安全有效的护理方法。     

地质雷达在薛城隧道地质超前预报中的应用

对超前预报方法进行了简要介绍,简述了地质雷达工作原理并设计地质超前预报探测技术,结合具体工程实例,通过对破碎带波形图谱特征的分析研究,证明了地质雷达在公路隧道短期地质预报中的实用性和有效性。     

Rethinking trauma: A critical view of invalidation.

The following paper critically examines invalidation's role in trauma, drawing extensively on the work of Bromberg who is one of its most influential proponents. Although Bromberg correctly identifies invalidation as a necessary condition, his central argument is weakened by portraying personal identity as an illusion concealing the existence of multiple selves. Against his view, I suggest that its causal relevance is most clearly demonstrated in terms of its impact on agentic and/or core beliefs. This hypothesis is consistent with the perspectives of nonrelational psychoanalytic theorists and enjoys robust empirical support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Treating traumatized OEF/OIF veterans: How does trauma treament affect the clinician?": Correction to Voss Horrell et al. (2011).

Reports an error in "Treating traumatized OEF/OIF veterans: How does trauma treatment affect the clinician" by Sarah C. Voss Horrell, Dana R. Holohan, Lea M. Didion and G. Todd Vance (Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 2011[Feb], Vol 42[1], 79-86). The word “While” was erroneously inserted in the first sentence of the “Clinician Factors” section. The corrected sentence is provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2011-04544-011.) The authors of this article describe the rewards and challenges for clinicians treating veterans who have served in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Issues of vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress, compassion fatigue, and burnout are defined and reviewed, as are compassion satisfaction and posttraumatic growth. Patient, clinician, and organizational characteristics that are likely to affect clinicians working with this clinical population are discussed. Patient factors that may increase strain on clinicians are discussed such as age, likelihood of redeployment, comorbid conditions, attendance issues, and elevated risk for suicide and aggression. Clinician factors, such as theoretical orientation, training, supervision, military affiliation, personal trauma history, spirituality, social support, and self-care, are also discussed as possible risk and protective factors for vicarious trauma and burnout. Organizational influences, such as caseload size and diversity, clinician control and autonomy, use of evidence-based practices, availability of resources, rural isolation, and the philosophy of the clinic, are further discussed. Recommendations for ameliorating risks are discussed relative to each area and include allowing clinicians to plan their own appointments so as to balance their caseload of OEF/OIF veterans, attending to self-care practices, and having a supportive team with thorough training in evidence-based practices. Future empirical research is needed on risk and resiliency factors for clinicians working with traumatized OEF/OIF veterans given that this population is likely to grow. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Making sense of the meaning literature: An integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events.

Interest in meaning and meaning making in the context of stressful life events continues to grow, but research is hampered by conceptual and methodological limitations. Drawing on current theories, the author first presents an integrated model of meaning making. This model distinguishes between the constructs of global and situational meaning and between “meaning-making efforts” and “meaning made,” and it elaborates subconstructs within these constructs. Using this model, the author reviews the empirical research regarding meaning in the context of adjustment to stressful events, outlining what has been established to date and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of current empirical work. Results suggest that theory on meaning and meaning making has developed apace, but empirical research has failed to keep up with these developments, creating a significant gap between the rich but abstract theories and empirical tests of them. Given current empirical findings, some aspects of the meaning-making model appear to be well supported but others are not, and the quality of meaning-making efforts and meanings made may be at least as important as their quantity. This article concludes with specific suggestions for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Parenting the traumatized child: Attending to the needs of nonoffending caregivers of traumatized children.

While there is a growing literature on the impact of trauma on children, there has been relatively little attention to the needs of their caregivers, who are themselves at risk for elevated levels of stress. The current article draws from the broader literature on parenting under stress and the literature on interventions with parents of sexually abused children to outline the need for interventions for caregivers of multiply traumatized children. It reviews components of an intervention model derived from the literature on general parenting interventions as well as the growing literature on trauma treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)