Image edge detection based on multi-fractal spectrum analysis

In this paper, an image edge detection method based on multi-fractal spectrum analysis is presented. The coarse grain H?lder exponent of the image pixels is first computed. then, its multi-fractal spectrum is estimated by the kernel estimation method. Finally, the image edge detection is done by means of different multi-fractal spectrum values. Simulation results show that this method is efficient and has better locality compared with the traditional edge detection methods such as the Sobel method. __________ Translated from Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences), 2004, 31(4): 28–33     

三乙烯二胺分离过程的模拟

以乙醇胺为原料,乙醇为溶剂,在小型连续流动液相固定反应器中合成三乙烯二胺。要求主产品三乙烯二胺选择性不小于75%,因此开发经济实用的生产三乙烯二胺的工艺具有重要意义。采用普通精馏方法分离反应产物,并以NRTL热力学方程为物性计算方法。应用ASPEN PLUS化工模拟软件中DSTWU(简捷精馏塔设计)和RADFRAC(严格精馏塔设计)精馏模块对三乙烯二胺分离过程进行模拟分析。在模拟过程中用软件的物性参数估计功能对两种未知物质物性进行可靠的估计。以操作费用和能耗费用为目标参数,对精馏塔进行灵敏度分析,得到各塔的最优操作条件。     

基于人工神经网络的高压水射流混凝土构件表面处理模型

目的应用高压水射流进行混凝土构件表面处理前确定机械的初始参数。实现对处理深度全面合理的控制．方法用AJP-E25135型高压泵，RG-2002HNDF型、口径为0．25mm七喷嘴旋转喷枪，对36组不同的初始参数、同批制作的砾石混凝土试块进行了高压水射流表面处理试验，并运用人工神经网络技术，对试验数据进行理论分析．结果建立了压力、靶距、口径、S／A（砂率）与处理深度关系的预测模型并把模型的预测结果与实验结果进行了比较，平均相对误差为0．0005．结论模型能够满足工程实际需要．可用于混凝土构件表面处理深度的估计与分析，以及特定处理深度条件下初始参数的预测．并可广泛应用于高压水表面处理深度模型的参数优化选择。智能化控制等领域．     

三维人体表面轮廓测量系统中的"景深"问题研究

对三维人体表面轮廓进行测量时，CCD摄像机镜头具有一定的景深范围，若拍摄的光栅图像在非聚焦面上，则会造成相位及表面轮廓高度测量的误差．针对这一问题进行了研究，推导、证明了景深与相位测量误差的关系，并利用这一关系，给出了系统允许最大相位误差时所对应的测量范围．     

Measurement and study of the distributing law of in-situ stresses in rock mass at great depth

To solve the technical cruxes of the conventional system in deep rock mass, an automatic testing system for hydraulic fracturing that includes a single tube for hydraulic loop, a pressure-relief valve, central-tubeless packers, and a multichannel real-time data acquisition system was used for in-situ stresses measurement at great depths （over 1000 m） in a coalfield in Juye of Northern China. The values and orientations of horizontal principal stresses were determined by the new system. The virgin stress field and its distributing law were decided by the linear regression from the logged 37 points in seven boreholes. Besides, the typical boreholes arranged in both the adjacent zone and far away zone of the faults were analyzed, respectively. The results show that a stress concentration phenomenon and a deflection in the orientation of the maximal horizontal stress exist in the adjacent zone of the faults, which further provides theoretical basis for design and optimization of mining.     

Study on thermal infrared remote sensing of Yarlung Zangbo River and Bangong Co-Nujiang River suture belt in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The area change of heat abnormity is not in accordance with conclusions of former thermal infrared remote sensing studies of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which were that the temperature of Yarlung Zangbo River suture belt of the southern Plateau is high and the northern temperature is low. The study result in this paper shows that the highest temperature is found in the Bangong Co-Nujiang River suture belt, the Yarlung Zangbo River suture belt temperature is the second highest, and the northern Tibet temperature is the lowest. The study demonstration area was the suture belt areas of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the Bangong Co-Nujiang River in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the land temperature of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the bore temperature of field land surface were measured and the emissivity of land surface was calculated. In addition, the authors explore the mechanism of the relationship between thermal infrared remote sensing and constructing thermodynamics and reach four new conclusions about the thermodynamics of the Tibet Plateau.     

国民最终消费的非参数预测模型

传统的线性回归模型不能理想地捕获我国国民收入与最终消费之间的动态关系,本文基于局部线性非参数估计理论,对我国改革开放以来的年国民最终消费建立了非参数回归预测模型,并对我国2000~2004年的国民最终消费进行了预测。结果表明,相对于线性回归模型而言,非参数回归模型能够很好地解决我国国民最终消费问题,预测精度较高。     

基于无迹卡尔曼滤波的双选信道估计方法

针对高速移动场景中由于信道存在时频域选择性衰落(双选衰落)导致正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM)通信系统受到子载波间干扰而使通信质量下降的问题,采用基扩展信道模型,在消除子载波间干扰(inter carrier interference, ICI)影响的同时节约信道估计算法的空间复杂度。针对基扩展模型(basis expansion model, BEM)下的非线性信道状态空间模型,采用无迹卡尔曼滤波(unscented Kalman filter, UKF)方法进一步跟踪信道响应提升信道估计精度。仿真分析表明,本研究所提方法能够有效提升信道估计的精度,相对于传统算法具有更好的误码率性能和鲁棒性。     

基于FrFT的欠采样LFM信号分离与参数估计

基于分数阶傅里叶变换，本文提出了一种欠采样条件下的宽带与窄带线性调频信号分离与参数估计方法。该方法先由延迟相乘和牛顿迭代算法估计信号的调频斜率，然后在分数阶傅立叶变换域进行滤波，实现信号分离。最后对欠采样信号解频率模糊，估计信号的初始频率。仿真表明了该方法分离宽带与窄带线性调频信号的可行性与分离后信号参数估计的有效性。     

An asymptotic maximum likelihood for estimating the nominal angle of a spatially distributed source

This paper proposes a large-sample approximation of the maximum-likelihood estimator for direction finding in the presence of a spatially spread source. The key idea is to replace the parametric estimate of the four-dimensional nuisance parameter vector with the approximate one that depends on just one parameter of interest, called the nominal angle, thus permitting the use of one-dimensional optimization techniques. The proposed estimator is shown to be strongly consistent and asymptotically efficient, and the Cramér–Rao bound on its standard deviation is derived. Simulations show the estimator to outperform previously proposed estimators, such as the subspace-based estimator and others based on one-dimensional search.