Single Photon Detection of InGaAs／InP APD Based on Gated-mode Operation at Telecom Wavelengths

Based on the commercially available avalanche photodiodes, the basic needs of gated-mode operation for single photon are discussed. Gated-mode technique based on the experimental data for detection of single photon is analyzed at communication wavelengths so that the basic operation parameters can decide properly for efficient detection of single photon. The bias voltage has related to the punch-through voltage in combining the cooling technique with synchronization to decrease the dark counts.     

The BER theoretical model and properties of SiPM‐based receiver for OOK optical communication

The bit error rate (BER) theory of silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based on‐off keying optical communication receiver, which introduces photon equivalent threshold is established. The optical crosstalk effect, the dark counts, the amplitude fluctuations of output pulses of SiPM, the baseline fluctuation, the shape of the incident light pulse, the adjacent symbol interference as well as the photon detection efficiency (PDE) are considered in the theory model. The numerical result shows that the average minimum optical power required is much smaller than that of the avalanche photodiode‐based receivers under the same conditions. The BER of SiPM‐based optical communication receiver is very sensitive to the PDE and optical crosstalk (OC) probability of SiPM. For the application of digital optical communication, a SiPM with high PDE but low OC probability and low dark count rate is a preference, under the premise that the output pulse is fast enough. For the state‐of‐the‐art SiPMs, the dark count rate is small enough to obtain adequate BER, and the OC effect is not a big limitation of the performance of SiPM‐based receiver. Moreover, the amplitude fluctuation and the baseline fluctuation of the SiPM‐based receiver are not bottlenecks of the performance in practice.     

单元探测器的短波红外多通道成像技术

为了克服目前利用短波红外焦平面器件获取图像时难以消除器件自身的非均匀性、难以获得较高信噪比及成本昂贵的问题,提出了利用单元探测器和DMD(Digital Micro-mirror Device)空间光调制器件,基于Hadamard变换进行凝视光学画幅式成像的方法.通过实验验证了该方法用于短波红外成像的可行性.对实现低成本、高信噪比的短波红外成像具有借鉴意义.     

基于B-LM圆环模型的NLOS信息约束单基站定位算法

针对当前室外蜂窝网多基站定位需要基站之间时间同步、数据同步的要求,以及NLOS环境造成的非服务区基站的信号可测性问题,该文提出基于B-LM圆环模型的NLOS信息约束单基站定位算法。首先根据散射体、目标和基站间的几何位置关系以及NLOS多路径信息构建定位方程,然后将定位方程转化为最小二乘优化问题,之后基于LM算法海森矩阵修正思想和拟牛顿2阶偏导构造思想提出B-LM算法,保证算法收敛于最优解,以得到目标位置。仿真结果表明,所提单基站定位算法能在宏蜂窝NLOS环境实现较高的定位精度。     

激光测高技术的发展趋势

激光测高技术作为一种的先进测量手段,已广泛应用于地形地貌测绘、地球科学研究、航天工程、城市规划、森林资源调查等诸多方面。虽然激光测高技术已相对成熟,但随着激光技术的发展和应用需求的拓展,激光测高技术仍有很大的发展空间。通过对国外近期研制或正在研究的几个具体激光测高设备的介绍和分析,总结了激光测高技术的一些典型技术特点和发展趋势,介绍了多光束发射和接收、单光子探测、多回波测量和多功能集成等技术在激光测高仪的应用。这对开展新型激光测高技术的研究具有一定参考价值。     

0.18μm NMOS的重离子单粒子瞬态脉冲的仿真模拟

为了详细地了解纳米MOS电路中单粒子瞬变电荷收集机理,利用ISETCAD软件仿真二维模拟0.18μm NMOS的单粒子瞬态脉冲。通过进行三种不同的电路连接方式和不同的粒子注入位置的仿真,得到了一系列单粒子瞬态电流脉冲(SET)与时间的关系曲线。分析了不同电路连接方式和注入位置对SET的峰值和脉宽的影响。为下一步建立SET的精确模型进行SET效应的模拟做基础的研究。     

3D Micromolding of Arrayed Waveguide Gratings on Upconversion Luminescent Layers for Flexible Transparent Displays without Mirrors,Electrodes, and Electric Circuits

A new technique for the fabrication of arrayed waveguide gratings on upconversion luminescent layers for flexible transparent displays is reported. Ho³⁺‐ and Yb³⁺‐codoped NaYF₄ nanoparticles are synthesized by hydrothermal techniques. Transparent films consisting of two transparent polymers on the NaYF₄ nanoparticle films exhibit mechanical flexibility and high transparence in visible region. Patterned NaYF₄ nanoparticle films are fabricated by calcination‐free micromolding in capillaries. Arrayed waveguide gratings consisting of the two transparent polymers are formed on the patterned NaYF₄ nanoparticle films by micromolding in capillaries. Green and red luminescence is observed from the upconversion luminescent layers of the NaYF₄ nanoparticle films in the arrayed waveguide gratings under excitation at 980 nm laser light. Arrayed waveguide gratings on the upconversion luminescent layers are fabricated with Er³⁺‐doped NaYF₄ nanoparticles which can convert two photons at 850 and 1500 nm into single photon at 550 nm. These results demonstrate that flexible transparent displays can be fabricated by constructing arrayed waveguide gratings on upconversion luminescent layers, which can operate in nonprojection mode without mirrors, transparent electrodes, and electric circuits.     

FPGA三模冗余工具的关键技术与发展

SRAM型现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)在空间辐射环境中容易受到单粒子效应的影响,从而发生软错误,三模冗余技术(TMR)是目前使用最广泛的缓解FPGA软错误的电路加固技术。该文首先介绍了三模冗余技术研究现状,然后总结了三模冗余工具常用的细粒度TMR技术、系统分级技术、配置刷新技术、状态同步技术4项关键技术及其实现原理。随着FPGA的高层次综合技术愈发成熟,基于高层次综合的三模冗余工具逐渐成为新的研究分支,该文分类介绍了当前主流的基于寄存器传输级的三模冗余工具,基于重要软核资源的三模冗余工具,以及新兴的基于高层次综合的三模冗余工具,最后对FPGA三模冗余工具的未来发展趋势进行了总结与展望。     

基于单光子计数激光雷达的Bayesian检测研究

在单光子计数激光雷达检测领域,目前的检测方法在低信噪比情况下虚警概率会增加,同时也无法适应噪声变化的问题。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于Bayesian的检测方法,该方法首先通过雷达方程估计回波信号光子数的范围,将其作为先验信息,而后结合二项分布建立了累计概率模型,基于Bayesian判决准则计算得到检测阈值,此阈值能够在检测概率与虚警概率中间择其平衡。这种方法不仅克服了低信噪比检测困难的情况,还减少了先验信息的获取难度。实验结果表明,对比固定阈值其虚警概率降低了10倍。对比“恒虚警”其检测概率提高了约20%。验证了方法具有良好的检测效果,具备一定的可操作性。