Semi-supervised model adaptation for statistical machine translation

Statistical machine translation systems are usually trained on large amounts of bilingual text (used to learn a translation model), and also large amounts of monolingual text in the target language (used to train a language model). In this article we explore the use of semi-supervised model adaptation methods for the effective use of monolingual data from the source language in order to improve translation quality. We propose several algorithms with this aim, and present the strengths and weaknesses of each one. We present detailed experimental evaluations on the French–English EuroParl data set and on data from the NIST Chinese–English large-data track. We show a significant improvement in translation quality on both tasks.     

Perceptual evaluation of color gamut mapping algorithms

The recommendation of the CIE has been followed as closely as possible to evaluate the accuracy of five color gamut mapping algorithms (GMAs)—two nonspatial and three spatial algorithms—by psychophysical experiments with 20 test images, 20 observers, one test done on paper and a second one on display. Even though the results do not show any overall “winner,” one GMA is definitely perceived as not accurate. The importance of a high number of test images to obtain robust evaluation is underlined by the high variability of the results depending on the test images. Significant correlations between the percentage of out‐of‐gamut pixels, the number of distinguishable pairs of GMAs, and the perceived difficulty to distinguish them have been found. The type of observers is also important. The experts, who prefer a spatial GMA, show a stronger consensus and look especially for a good rendering of details, whereas the nonexperts hardly make a difference between the GMAs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 470–476, 2008     

根据概率分布建立有源器件的统计模型

给出一种新的统计模型的建立方法。在有源器件物理模型的基础上，通过优化物理模型参数的均值和均方根，使所建立统计模型的Ｓ参数在各个频率上的概率分布逼近测量数据的概率分布。从建立微波ＭＥＳＦＥＴ统计模型的算例结果看出，本方法不仅能比较好地拟合样本Ｓ参数的概率分布，而且提高了计算效率。     

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岩心分析过程中的取心间隔并非完全相同，这就形成了非等间距的岩心分析数据。测井曲线的数据一般都是采样等间距的，为了使岩心数据与测井数据更好地进行匹配，对岩心分析数据进行插值处理，使分析数据形成等距的形式，然后对插值后的数据根据不同的测井曲线进行滤波，使得岩心分析数据与测井数据的分辨率相匹配，利用处理后的数据建立模型或数据分析才可得到较为准确的模型。克里金插值和分形插值均为非线性的数学插值方法，它们与一般的数学插值方法相比较，能更好地反映数据的内在分布规律。文中分别利用克里金插值和分形插值的理论对岩心数据的插值进行了深入的研究，根据两种插值方法的理论建立了相应的插值方法。经过对两种插值理论的实例对比分析，得到了两种非线性插值方法的优缺点，为进一步的深入研究奠定了一定基础。     

响洪甸电站引水隧洞进口水下岩塞爆破施工

响洪甸抽水蓄能电站水下岩塞爆破施工要求高,技术新,难度大.由于施工准备充分,并进行了一系列材料及施工试验,工程进展顺利,排孔造孔、导洞药室开挖、药管与起爆体加工、装药与堵塞、网络施工、充水补气等工程施工质量符合设计要求,岩塞爆破准时成功起爆.     

Target differentiation with simple infrared sensors using statistical pattern recognition techniques

This study compares the performances of various statistical pattern recognition techniques for the differentiation of commonly encountered features in indoor environments, possibly with different surface properties, using simple infrared (IR) sensors. The intensity measurements obtained from such sensors are highly dependent on the location, geometry, and surface properties of the reflecting feature in a way that cannot be represented by a simple analytical relationship, therefore complicating the differentiation process. We construct feature vectors based on the parameters of angular IR intensity scans from different targets to determine their geometry and/or surface type. Mixture of normals classifier with three components correctly differentiates three types of geometries with different surface properties, resulting in the best performance (100%) in geometry differentiation. Parametric differentiation correctly identifies six different surface types of the same planar geometry, resulting in the best surface differentiation rate (100%). However, this rate is not maintained with the inclusion of more surfaces. The results indicate that the geometrical properties of the targets are more distinctive than their surface properties, and surface recognition is the limiting factor in differentiation. The results demonstrate that simple IR sensors, when coupled with appropriate processing and recognition techniques, can be used to extract substantially more information than such devices are commonly employed for.     

Laboratory Evaluation of Smear Zone and Correlation between Permeability and Moisture Content

In this study, the extent of the smear zone and the reduction of permeability and water content within the smear zone were investigated using a large-scale consolidometer. The installation of vertical drains by means of a mandrel causes significant disturbance of the subsoil surrounding the mandrel, resulting in a smear zone. The extent of the smear zone for Moruya clay (New South Wales, Australia) was estimated on the basis of normalized permeability and the reduction of water content by taking undisturbed samples (horizontally and vertically) at different locations. This study reveals that a significant reduction in water content and horizontal permeability takes place towards the drain, whereas the variation in the vertical permeability is negligible. The smear zone for Moruya clay was found to be 2.5 times the equivalent radius of the mandrel with the horizontal permeability varying from 1.09 to 1.64, an average of 1.34 times smaller than that of the undisturbed zone. Finally, a correlation between the permeability decrease and water content reduction within smear zone is proposed.     

单粒子效应对航天器的威胁及空间飞行试验评论（二）

列举了若干航天器因单粒子效应而出现的异常或故障。阐述了单粒子效应空间飞行试验方法和预估方法。总结了多颗航天器单粒子效应空间飞行试验结果。依据空间飞行试验结果，对静止卫星、低太阳同步轨道卫星和椭圆轨道卫星在太阳宁静和太阳耀斑期间单粒子效应作了比较。