玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝制备微熔池的稳定性

保持微熔池稳定是采用玻璃包覆熔融纺丝法连续稳定制备微丝的前提.采用理论计算分析了感应加热器结构参数、加热电流、微熔池的体积、微熔池在感应加热器中的位置等因素对铁基合金微熔池温度和所受悬浮力的影响,获得了保持微熔池稳定的合理工艺参数.在合适的拉丝温度(1280℃左右)下,增大感应加热器锥角和下锥孔高度,减小感应加热器高度、下锥孔半径以及微熔池中心与下锥孔上端面之间的距离,均有利于提高铁基合金微熔池所受悬浮力;减小电流的同时减小微熔池的体积(质量),有利于减小重力与悬浮力差值.在本文研究条件下,整体感应加热器的合理结构尺寸为:感应加热器锥角120~130°,感应加热器高度12~14mm,下锥孔高度2~4mm,下锥孔半径3~4mm.微熔池中心与感应加热器下锥孔上端面之间的合理距离为4~6mm,合适的微熔池质量为1.5~2.0g.采用结构优化的整体感应加热器,并通过连续进料使微熔池的体积(质量)保持基本不变,实现了玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝的连续稳定制备.

     

表面接触角的显微观测和理论分析

表面接触角对霜晶的形成起着至关重要的作用。为了得到表面接触角的大小,文中分别使用体式显微镜与卧式显微镜同时对不同材料表面上的水珠进行垂直方向与水平方向的图像采集,每台显微镜都通过CCD图像传感器将采集结果传送到计算机中。然后用Rising View软件将采集结果作二值化处理并测量出表面接触角的数值,同时利用几何关系式求出理论计算值;实验发现,水珠在水平表面上呈椭球冠状型,随着试片倾角的增大,水珠会出现向下倾斜的趋势,表面接触角会出现前面大后面小的现象,且两者的差值等于试片倾角。当倾角超过临界倾角时,水珠会出现滑落,不再附着在金属表面。     

Implications of Post-Translational Modifications in Autoimmunity with Emphasis on Citrullination,Homocitrullination and Acetylation for the Pathogenesis,Diagnosis and Prognosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) influence cellular processes and consequently, their dysregulation is related to the etiologies of numerous diseases. It is widely known that a variety of autoimmune responses in human diseases depend on PTMs of self-proteins. In this review we summarize the latest findings about the role of PTMs in the generation of autoimmunity and, specifically, we address the most relevant PTMs in rheumatic diseases that occur in synovial tissue. Citrullination, homocitrullination (carbamylation) and acetylation are responsible for the generation of Anti-Modified Protein/Peptide Antibodies (AMPAs family), autoantibodies which have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Synthetic peptides provide complete control over the exact epitopes presented as well as the specific positions in their sequence where post-translationally modified amino acids are located and are key to advancing the detection of serological RA biomarkers that could be useful to stratify RA patients in order to pursue a personalized rheumatology. In this review we specifically address the latest findings regarding synthetic peptides post-translationally modified for the specific detection of autoantibodies in RA patients.     

Improving the Corrosion Protection of Poly(phenylene methylene) Coatings by Side Chain Engineering: The Case of Methoxy-Substituted Copolymers

This work aims to improve the corrosion protection features of poly(phenylene methylene) (PPM) by sidechain engineering inserting methoxy units along the polymer backbone. The influence of side methoxy groups at different concentrations (4.6% mol/mol and 9% mol/mol) on the final polymer properties was investigated by structural and thermal characterization of the resulting copolymers: co-PPM 4.6% and co-PPM 9%, respectively. Then, coatings were processed by hot pressing the polymers powder on aluminum alloy AA2024 and corrosion protection properties were evaluated exposing samples to a 3.5% w/v NaCl aqueous solution. Anodic polarization tests evidenced the enhanced corrosion protection ability (i.e., lower current density) by increasing the percentage of the co-monomer. Coatings made with co-PPM 9% showed the best protection performance with respect to both PPM blend and PPM co-polymers reported so far. Electrochemical response of aluminum alloy coated with co-PPM 9% was monitored over time under two “artificially-aged” conditions, that are: (i) a pristine coating subjected to potentiostatic anodic polarization cycles, and (ii) an artificially damaged coating at resting condition. The first scenario points to accelerating the corrosion process, the second one models damage of the coating potentially occurring either due to natural deterioration or due to any accidental scratching of the polymer layer. In both cases, an intrinsic self-healing phenomenon was indirectly argued by the time evolution of the impedance and of the current density of the coated systems. The degree of restoring to the “factory conditions” by co-polymer coatings after self-healing events is eventually discussed.     

微晶玻璃——陶瓷复合曲面板生产工艺研究

通过研究微晶玻璃陶瓷复合材料在高温下软化流动的特征和晶粒相对位移的特点论述了复合平板加热、加压弯曲过程中的温场分布规律,制定出合理的温度制度,使复合板微晶表面和坯体在合理的温度制度、温场分布制度使两者同步弯曲成为设计的曲面。     

构造拓扑修形齿面的面齿轮传动主动设计

为了解决基于预设接触迹的面齿轮修形过程中程序实际可用性的问题,探究了沿齿宽方向修形方式相比于传统的法向修形除了具有编程可行性、运行效率高之外,是否会影响面齿轮接触区的分布情况.建立了面齿轮齿面方程;使用MATLAB分别编写了沿齿宽方向和法向进行修形的面齿轮修形齿面坐标生成程序,实现了修形后面齿轮的可视化,并用CATIA进行了三维建模;最后应用ABAQUS进行了2种修形方式的齿面接触分析,得到了面齿轮与小齿轮的分析仿真结果.由结果可知,齿宽方向修形方式可以得到更宽的接触区范围,但法向修形的接触区整体分布更靠近齿根,更符合面齿轮的力学特性,因此,在面齿轮强度足够的情况下,可以采用齿宽方向修形的方式替代法向修形的方式,这样会有利于后续进一步编写研究传动误差的程序.

     

氮化硅陶瓷粉末的选区激光烧结

进行了将粘结剂包覆在陶瓷粉末表面以提高陶瓷粉末选区激光烧结（SLS）成型性能的研究．利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体以及甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体共聚反应制备出共聚物粘结剂,并分别采用红外光谱和DSC／TG法对其进行分析．结果表明,所制备的共聚物的主要成分是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯,其玻璃化温度为102．0℃,在300～400℃之间失重超过80％．将自制共聚物与磷酸二氢铵以适当的比例混合,采用机械混合与喷雾干燥等手段对Si₃N₄陶瓷粉进行了包覆处理,并在SLS设备上进行了烧结成型实验,成功地实现了包覆粉末的SLS烧结．     

纳米粉体的分散性研究及在电触头材料制备中的应用

介绍了纳米电触头材料的制备工艺。采用不同的分散方法,如:物理分散法(超声波法、机械分散法)、化学分散法和聚电解质分散,可以获得理想的分散效果。探讨了纳米粉体的分散作用的机制和纳米电触头材料在研究与应用上的优越性以及存在的问题。     

改性聚丙烯腈纤维的研究进展

介绍了各类改性聚丙烯腈纤维的制备方法、性能和用途。指出未来纤维行业发展的趋势是差别化,加快研发差别化新产品仍是国内腈纶企业长远发展的大计。     

Biomimetic Modification of Water-Borne Polymer Coating with Carnauba Wax for Controlled Release of Urea

Benefitting from the special structure of the leaf cuticle layer, plants have natural hydrophobicity and anti-fouling abilities. Inspired by the leaf surface structure, a biomimetic modification strategy was raised to improve the surface hydrophobicity of polyacrylate coating for controlled release fertilizer. Double-layer (polyacrylate and carnauba wax) coated fertilizer was obtained after biomimetic modification. The quality of controlled release fertilizer modified with the carnauba wax was greatly enhanced, and the coating material was effectively saved. The surface appearance of polyacrylate-coated fertilizer was improved for the surface blemish was repaired by the loaded carnauba wax. The characterizations by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the hydrogen bonds were formed between the water-based polyacrylate membrane and the carnauba wax layers. By optimizing the content of polyacrylate and carnauba wax, the release duration of the fertilizer was effectively prolonged, which was improved from 1 month to more than 2 months after the biomimetic modification. Therefore, biological wax as an environmentally-friendly natural material that has showed a broad potential in the application of coated controlled release fertilizer.