我国推行人力资源会计的探讨

人力资源是经济增长的最终源泉,因此,对人力资源进行有效管理显得极为重要。通过传统会计和人力资源会计的分析对比,结合国外的具体作法,提出推行人力资源会计的见解。     

中国传统服饰观

中国传统服饰是礼的重要载体 ,是礼制的表现形式 ,在款式、色彩和纹样上追求精神寓意和象征意义     

中华传统文化与中国企业文化的塑造

企业文化是20世纪80年代从管理科学中分出的管理理论和方法,经过长时间的发展,已经形成了完善的理论体系。随着经济全球化的发展,我国企业逐渐加强对企业文化的建设,并取得了一定的成果。我国五千年的传统文化对企业文化的建设也起到了一定的影响,形成了具有中国特色的企业文化。我国企业文化建设中沿袭了西方的理论,随着企业文化建设程度的加深,急需建立符合中国国情的与中国传统文化相结合的企业文化,以促进企业的可持续发展。     

Immiscible liquid–liquid slug flow characteristics in the generation of aqueous drops within a rectangular microchannel for preparation of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) cryogel beads

The microchannel liquid-flow focusing and cryo-polymerization is an efficient method for the preparation of cryogel beads with a narrow diameter distribution. In order to prepare cryogel beads with expected diameters, it is necessary to get insights in the liquid–liquid immiscible flow characteristics of the flow-focusing fluid and the monomer solution in microchannels. In this work, the slug flow behaviors of two immiscible liquids regarding the preparation of poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (pHEMA) cryogel beads in a rectangular cross-junction microchannel were investigated experimentally by the high-speed imaging method. Correlations of the immiscible liquid–liquid slug flow parameters like the aqueous slug velocity and length, the aqueous slug nose and tail lengths, the water-immiscible slug length as well as the aqueous droplet size were obtained. The pHEMA cryogel beads were prepared under certain flow conditions and the bead sizes were measured by laser particle size analyzer. The obtained correlations were then employed to estimate the bead sizes and compared with those obtained experimentally. The results showed that the present correlations gave reasonable estimations of the mean bead diameters at various conditions and thus, could be useful and helpful in the preparation of cryogel beads with expected size distributions in rectangular microchannels.     

Coalescence dynamics of two droplets of different viscosities in T-junction microchannel with a funnel-typed expansion chamber

The coalescence behavior of two droplets with different viscosities in the funnel-typed expansion cham-ber in T-junction microchannel was investigated experimentally and compared with droplet coalescence of the same viscosity.Four types of coalescence regimes were observed:contact non-coalescence,squeeze non-coalescence,two-droplet coalescence and pinch-off coalescence.For droplet coalescence of different viscosities,the operating range of non-coalescence becomes narrowed compared to the droplet coalescence of same viscosity,and it shrinks with increasing viscosity ratio η of two droplets,indicating that the difference in the viscosity of two droplets is conducive to coalescence,especially when 1 ＜ η＜ 6.Furthermore,the influences of viscosity ratio and droplet size on the film drainage time (Tdr) and critical capillary number (Cac) were studied systematically.It was found that the film drainage time declined with the increase of average droplet size,which abided by power-law relation with the size dif-ference and viscosity ratio of the two droplets:Tdr ～ (ld)0.25±0.04 and Tdr ～ (η)-0.1±002.For droplet coales-cence of same viscosity,the relation of critical capillary number with two-phase viscosity ratio and dimensionless droplet size is Cac =0.48λ0.26l-2.64,while for droplet coalescence of different viscosities,the scaling of critical capillary number with dimensionless average droplet size,dimensionless droplet size difference and viscosity ratio of two droplets is Cac =0.11 η-0.07ls-2.23ld0.16.     

Kinetic study on selective extraction of HCl and H3PO4 in a microfluidic device☆

In the extraction method for preparing KH2PO4, one of the key processes is the selective extraction of HCl over H3PO4. In our work, extraction kinetic studies have been carried out in a microfluidic device with a coaxial microchannel, using the extractant of 33.3%(by volume) trioctylamine (TOA) dissolved in n-octanol, with differ-ent aqueous phases:the HCl solution, the H3PO4 solution, and H3PO4 and KCl solutions of different concentra-tions. The changes of the extraction efficiency of HCl and H3PO4 and the selectivity for HCl along with the residence time were investigated. We found that fast extraction kinetics could be realized in microfluidic devices, and that HCl could be extracted faster than H3PO4 due to smaller mass transfer resistance and much stronger re-action between HCl and TOA. For the extraction of H3PO4 and KCl solutions, the selectivity for HCl first increased and then decreased when TOA was in excess of H3PO4 in the initial feeds, and in contrast, always increased when H3PO4 was in excess of TOA in the initial feeds. The diverse changes of selectivity for HCl along with the residence time indicate that a dynamic control of selectivity in microfluidic devices may be important and accessible for im-proving the KH2PO4 conversion efficiency in extraction method.     

中药口服液提取工艺的分析

对中药口服液提取工艺进行了简单的分析讨论。其中,重点对现有的中药口服液提取工艺方法进行了探讨,并由此思考了水提醇沉法的优化改进,仅供参考。     

Schnelle lokale Raman‐Messung zur Untersuchung von Konzentrationsprofilen bei Mischvorgängen in Mikrokanälen

For the evaluation of mixing processes in microreactors, it is necessary to be able to investigate them in detail. For this purpose, a novel optical measuring system is presented, which allows the visualization of mixing and diffusion‐limited processes as well as concentration differences in fluid films. It consists of focusing optics with a microscope objective. In combination with a Raman spectrometer, various processes such as diffusion in the microreactor can be measured and investigated non‐invasively.     

An integrated model for predicting the flame propagation in crimped ribbon flame arresters

Crimped ribbon flame arresters are important safety devices in the chemical industry,especially for the dangerous situations.Although proper design of arresters by the numerical simulation method is promising,its reliability and accuracy are dependent upon the mathematical model.In this work,an integrated mathematical model for the microchannel in the crimped ribbon flame arresters was set up;the fluid flow behavior and the sensitivities of four chemical kinetics mechanisms of propane-air on the accuracy were analysed.It is shown that turbulence is predominant in the microchannel of the crimped ribbon flame arresters under the deflagration and detonation conditions,and a new quenching criterion for the numerical simulation is proposed.The kinetics mechanism of Mansouri et al.among the four ones is the most accurate due to the best agreement of the predicted outlet temperature at the experimental flameproof velocity with the autoignition temperature of propane-air.The species mass fraction profiles and the temperature distribution,which are too difficult to measure due to the tiny dimension of the microchannel in experiments,are captured.The fundamental insights into chemical reactions and heat loss are well portrayed.It can be concluded that the integrated mathematical model established in this work can be used as a reliable tool for modeling,selecting and designing such type of crimped ribbon flame arresters with the propane-air medium in the future.     

基于规则和统计相结合的西里尔蒙古文到传统蒙古文转换方法

西里尔蒙古文与传统蒙古文分别是蒙古国与中国使用的蒙古文,西里尔蒙古文到传统蒙古文的转换工作不仅给两国同胞的交流带来更多的便利,而且对蒙古族的科学、文化和教育发展具有重要意义。本文结合规则与统计模型的优点,研究了西里尔蒙古文到传统蒙古文的转换方法。本文首先采用基于规则的方法对西里尔蒙古文集内词进行转换,其次对集外词的转换采用了基于联合序列模型的方法,并采用N-gram语言模型解决了一个西里尔蒙古文单词对应多个传统蒙古文单词的问题。实验结果表明,该系统单词转换错误率低至4.12%,基本达到了实用要求。