基于模糊支持向量机的步态识别

提出基于模糊支持向量机（FSVM）的步态识别方法,以人体步态的宽度向量作为特征,探讨直接取值法和模糊C均值2种模糊隶属度确定方法对FSVM步态分类效果的影响。实验结果表明,模糊C均值法的识别率均略好于SVM,直接取值法的识别率甚至低于SVM,因此,选取正确的模糊隶属度确定方法是FSVM能否成功应用于步态识别的关键。     

柔性仿生爬壁机器人控制系统研究

通过对壁虎运动机理以及柔性脚掌结构的理论分析和实验研究,文中提出一种新型柔性仿壁虎爬壁机器人的控制方法,该控制系统采用以MCU为核心控制器的分布式系统,依据精确的步态规划实现了机器人的稳定爬行,在实验环境下通过实物样机验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

Dynamic Control of Walking Cycle with Initiation Process for Humanoid Robot

This paper focuses on numerical method to solve the dynamic equilibrium of a humanoid robot during the walking cycle with the gait initiation process. It is based on a multi-chain strategy and a dynamic control/command architecture previously developed by Gorce. The strategy is based on correction of the trunk center of mass acceleration and force distribution of the forces exerced by the limbs on the trunk. This latter is performed by mean of a Linear Programming (LP) method. We study the gait initiation process when a subject, initially in quiet erect stance posture, performs a walking cycle. In this paper, we propose to adjust the method for the multiphases (from double support to single support) and multicriteria features of the studied movement. This is done by adapting some specific constraints and criteria in order to ensure the global stability of the humanoid robot along the task execution. For that, we use a Real-Time Criteria and Constraints Adaptation method. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate criteria and constraints influences on the dynamic stability.     

Effects of turning gait parameters on energy consumption and stability of a six-legged walking robot

Minimization of energy consumption plays a key role in the locomotion of a multi-legged robot used for various purposes. Turning gaits are the most general and important factors for omni-directional walking of a six-legged robot. This paper presents an analysis on energy consumption of a six-legged robot during its turning motion over a flat terrain. An energy consumption model is developed for statically stable wave gaits in order to minimize dissipating energy for optimal feet forces distributions. The effects of gait parameters, namely angular velocity, angular stroke and duty factors are studied on energy consumption, as the six-legged robot walks along a circular path of constant radius with wave gait. The variations of average power consumption and energy consumption per unit weight per unit traveled length with the angular velocity and angular stroke are compared for the turning gaits of a robot with four different duty factors. Computer simulations show that wave gait with a low duty factor is more energy-efficient compared to that with a high duty factor at the highest possible angular velocity. A stability analysis based on normalized energy stability margin is performed for turning motion of the robot with four duty factors for different angular strokes.     

The influence of rifle carriage on the kinetics of human gait

The influence that rifle carriage has on human gait has received little attention in the published literature. Rifle carriage has two main effects, to add load to the anterior of the body and to restrict natural arm swing patterns. Kinetic data were collected from 15 male participants, with 10 trials in each of four experimental conditions. The conditions were: walking without a load (used as a control condition); carrying a lightweight rifle simulator, which restricted arm movements but applied no additional load; wearing a 4.4 kg diving belt, which allowed arms to move freely; carrying a weighted (4.4 kg) replica SA80 rifle. Walking speed was fixed at 1.5 m/s (±5%) and data were sampled at 400 Hz. Results showed that rifle carriage significantly alters the ground reaction forces produced during walking, the most important effects being an increase in the impact peak and mediolateral forces. This study suggests that these effects are due to the increased range of motion of the body's centre of mass caused by the impeding of natural arm swing patterns. The subsequent effect on the potential development of injuries in rifle carriers is unknown.     

Reusing Primitive and Acquired Motion Knowledge for Gait Generation of a Six-legged Robot Using Genetic Programming

There has been growing interest in motion planning problems for mobile robots. In this field, the main research is to generate a motion for a specific robot and task without previously acquired motions. However it is too wasteful not to use hard-earned acquired motions for other tasks. Here, we focus on a mechanism of reusing acquired motion knowledge and study a motion planning system able to generate and reuse motion knowledge. In this paper, we adopt a tree-based representation for expressing knowledge of motion, and propose a hierarchical knowledge for realizing a reuse mechanism. We construct a motion planning system using hierarchical knowledge as motion knowledge and using genetic programming as a learning method. We apply a proposed method for the gait generation task of a six-legged locomotion robot and show its availability with computer simulation.     

基于灰度标准差的光流模型的步态识别算法

步态识别主要是通过人体走路的姿势来识别人的身份.提出了一种改进的光流法和隐马可夫模型相结合的技术,使用背景减除和阈值化为目标和背景图像建立模型,由使用灰度标准差筛选的光流法模型提取每一个运动目标的特征,取得时间序列的特征向量,把特征量化和状态分类的结果交给隐马可夫模型来判断运动目标的姿态.仿真实验表明,本算法识别率高,速度快.     

Dynamic characteristics and stability criterion of rotary galloping gait with an articulated passive spine joint

Based on the simplified planar quadruped model with a passive spine joint, this paper focuses on studying the effect of the spine joint on the dynamic performance and the stability of the rotary galloping gait. The stable, periodic, and symmetric rotary galloping gait is achieved by the particle swarm optimization method without any parameter symmetry for leg motion and without any limitation for spine motion. By analyzing the symmetric pattern of the rotary galloping gait, the stability criterion is derived: the closer to zero is the pitching angle at peak time of the center of mass, the better is the stability of the galloping gait. Then, we study the effect of rear leg touchdown angle and spine stiffness on the stability. Moreover, the unstable rotary galloping gait can be stabilized by adjusting one or more of the touchdown angle, spine stiffness, and leg stiffness. Furthermore, the effect of the spine stiffness on the key kinematic and kinetic properties is also studied for different initial values and mechanical parameters. The presented stability criterion and the achieved dynamic performance analysis results will be instructive for the design and control of the quadruped robot.     

智能仿生腿的研究

首先在总结智能假腿发展的基础上，针对其新的发展趋势，引出智能仿生腿的概念和研究内容，并探讨了基于基本步态模式和有限状态机的仿生腿步态规划方法，全功能仿生膝关节的设计和稳定性分析；其次研究了仿生腿的控制以及生物信号在仿生腿中的应用；最后指出了智能仿生腿在信息交互、感知、能源动力等方面的发展动向．     

人体步态规律测量分析与研究

为系统研究人体下肢的运动规律,采用基于人体运动图像的检测系统以及人体关节角度测量装置,对人体在跑步机上行走时关节运动轨迹和关节角度进行了测量,该系统通过Visual C 6.0和Matlab/Simulink混合编程,来实现对运动图像以及标志点的采集工作.结合数据融合方法对测量结果进行了处理和分析,得到人体步态规律.测量结果为了解人体运动规律,分析异常步态以及康复治疗提供了依据.