基于三层网络架构及DOM的XML系统模型

本文阐述如何在三层网络架构上运用XML以构造XML文档支持系统,提出了基于三层网络架构及DOM的XML系统的模型,该系统与传统的客户／服务器应用或是应用一般的数据传输方式如HTML等系统相比具有减少了网络流量、更有利于检索、可从多种不同的数据源集成数据、开放性、可扩充性、可重用性等一系列特点。     

使数据库能够存取ADT数据

阐述了ADT类型的数据在数据库应用过程中的重要性,提供了为数据库增加存取ADT数据功能的方法和手段,介绍了二进制流和二进制字段在存取ADT数据时的作用。     

异构数据库迁移的设计和实现*

介绍了基于B/S模式异构数据库迁移的具体实现, 阐述了分布式数据库概念、JDBC原理和数据库转换技巧;详细说明了数据转换规则、数据库连接、迁移过程、断点续传。     

The confused world of sulfate attack on concrete

External sulfate attack is not completely understood. Part I identifies the issues involved, pointing out disagreements, and distinguishes between the mere occurrence of chemical reactions of sulfates with hydrated cement paste and the damage or deterioration of concrete; only the latter are taken to represent sulfate attack. Furthermore, sulfate attack is defined as deleterious action involving sulfate ions; if the reaction is physical, then, it is physical sulfate attack that takes place. The discussion of the two forms of sulfate attack leads to a recommendation for distinct nomenclature. Sulfate attack on concrete structures in service is not widespread, and the amount of laboratory-based research seems to be disproportionately large. The mechanisms of attack by different sulfates—sodium, calcium, and magnesium—are discussed, including the issue of topochemical and through-solution reactions. The specific aspects of the action of magnesium sulfate are discussed, and the differences between laboratory conditions and field exposure are pointed out.Part II discusses the progress of sulfate attack and its manifestations. This is followed by a discussion of making sulfate-resisting concrete. One of the measures is to use Type V cement, and this topic is extensively discussed. Likewise, the influence of w/c on sulfate resistance is considered. The two parameters are not independent of one another. Moreover, the cation in the sulfate salt has a strong bearing on the efficiency of the Type V cement. Recent interpretations of the Bureau of Reclamation tests, both long term and accelerated, are evaluated, and it appears that they need reworking.Part III reviews the standards and guides for the classification of the severity of exposure of structures to sulfates and points out the lack of calibration of the various classes of exposure. A particular problem is the classification of soils because much depends on the extraction ratio of sulfate in the soil: there is a need for a standardized approach. Taking soil samples is discussed, with particular reference to interpreting highly variable contents of sulfates. The consequences of disturbed drainage of the soil adjacent to foundations and of excessive irrigation, coupled with the use of fertilizer, are described. Whether concrete has undergone sulfate attack can be established by determining the change in the compressive strength since the time of placing the concrete. The rejection of this method and the reliance on determining the tensile strength of concrete because of “layered damage” are erroneous. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) should not be the primary, and certainly not the first, method of determining whether sulfate attack has occurred. Mathematical modeling will be of help in the future but, at present, cannot provide guidance on the sulfate resistance of concrete in structures.Part IV presents conclusions and an overview of the situation, with consideration of future improvements. Appendix A contains the classification of exposure to sulfate given by various codes and guides.     

科研团队中心理契约与创新行为的关系研究

近年来,心理契约的研究成为组织行为学研究的焦点,吸引了众多学者的理论探讨与实证研究。本文先对心理契约的概念、维度进行介绍,然后探讨科研团队中创新行为的影响因素,并阐述了科研团队中不同类型的心理契约对创新行为的影响作用。     

Presentation数学公式到Content转换关键问题研究

数学公式在计算机中的存储和表示格式多种多样,数学公式搜索中需要将各种格式的数学公式相互转换,从而为用户提供更为丰富搜索结果。从数学公式的用途和目的来看,计算机中的数学公式格式可分为Presentation型和Content型。主要研究和总结Presentation型数学公式到Content型数学公式的关键问题,提出基于类型系统的数学公式歧义推测方法,能够有效解决转换中的公式歧义问题。     

反编译中数据类型自动重构技术研究

类型重构作为反编译的关键问题,对程序的可读性及可理解性具有重要的作用。给出了汇编基础上数据类型自动重构的算法。对于简单类型,通过基于格的类型属性操作,用迭代算法来实现类型恢复;对于复杂类型,通过构建标记等价类来恢复结构化类型的框架,而后通过收集框架内可访问的偏移集合并利用简单类型恢复的算法对偏移对象类型进行恢复,从而推导出复杂结构类型。该算法是目前正在开发的类型重构工具的关键技术,它不仅能够准确地重构简单类型,而且能够准确地解析复杂类型,且准确率较高。     

Selecting Significant Effects in Factorial Designs Taking Type II Errors into Account

When analysing the effects of a factorial design, it is customary to take into account the probability of making a Type I error (the probability of considering an effect significant when it is non‐significant), but not to consider the probability of making a Type II error (the probability of considering an effect as non‐significant when it is significant). Making a Type II error, however, may lead to incorrect decisions regarding the values that the factors should take or how subsequent experiments should be conducted. In this paper, we introduce the concept of minimum effect size of interest and present a visualization method for selecting the critical value of the effects, the threshold value above which an effect should be considered significant, which takes into account the probability of Type I and Type II errors. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

杭州湾入海口处浅层气成因与类型

杭州湾地区浅层天然气主要赋存于第四纪全新世和晚更新世地层中。气样组分分析表明 ,该区天然气属甲烷型生物成因气。有机地球化学分析表明 ,生物气气源层具强—较强的还原环境 ,同时具有较高的有机质丰度、较好的有机质类型等有利条件。钻井资料表明 ,浅层天然气气藏类型有 :顶凸型透镜状砂体气藏、底凸型透镜状砂体气藏、侧缘尖灭型砂体气藏、厚层块状型砂体气藏。具有良好的勘探前景。     

高校理论研究型专业学生面临的就业挑战与培养设计

高校理论研究型专业学生面临着严峻的就业挑战。要使此类专业的学生尽快与社会接轨,必须在培养设计上下功夫,努力做到三个结合:即内在知识与外在证书相结合,一专与多长相结合,理论与实践相结合。