离子色谱技术在钻井现场的应用研究

将离子色谱技术(IC)应用于钻井现场的钻井液滤液分析,从而获取所钻井钻遇地层的可溶性矿物的性质、地层水的类型等资料信息。离子色谱技术在这一领域的应用尚属探索阶段,但通过现场两口井的试用已见到较好的应用效果,文章简介了该技术的应用前景及价值,如:确定油水界面的位置及指导钻井液的调配、确保井下安全等。这方面的论述,对分析化验仪器向井场转移实现多手段综合分析具有一定的促进作用。     

烟用香料配制的气相色谱法质量控制研究

采用气相色谱法对香料房卷烟用料液中的溶剂及水分进行检测,分析测定其中的水分、乙醇、丙二醇、山梨醇等的含量,通过对香料房每批配制料液的抽检,可以跟踪料液配制的准确性,保证卷烟产品质量,该方法操作简单、准确性高、重现性好。     

From the individual element test to finite element templates: Evolution of the patch test

This paper starts a sequence of three articles that follow an unconventional approach in finite element research. The ultimate objective is to construct high-performance elements and element-level error estimators for those elements. The approach takes off from our previous work in high-performance elements and culminates with the development of finite element templates. The present paper concentrates on the patch test and evolved versions of the test that have played a key role in this research. Following a brief review of the historical roots, we present the Individual Element Test (IET) of Bergan and Hanssen in an expanded context that encompasses several important classes of new elements. The relationship of the IET to the multielement forms A, B and C of the patch test and to the single-element test are investigated. An important consequence of the IET application is that the element stiffness equations decompose naturally into basic and higher-order parts. The application of this decomposition to the “sanitization” of the non-convergent BCIZ element is described and verified with numerical experiments. Two sequel papers in preparation are subtitled ‘the algebraic approach’ and ‘element-level error estimation’. These apply the fundamental decomposition to the derivation of templates for specific mechanical elements and to the construction of element-level error estimators, respectively.     

曲边介质波导的有限元分析

本文应用曲边有限元方法有效地计算了曲边质波导的色散特性，编制了相应的计算程序,应用本文方法计算得到的椭圆旬质波导和组合椭圆介质波导的主模和高次模的色散曲线与文献[2],[3]的结果相当吻合。     

Treatment of Humic Waters By Ozone

Two different generators for ozone were tested, a traditional electrical discharge generator and a generator based upon UV–irradiation of air at 150–180 nm. It was demonstrated that the traditional generator gave slightly higher reductions in levels of color for equivalent ozone dosages. Both gases affected the molecular weight distribution in the way that the bigger molecules were broken down to smaller ones. No significant difference between the molecular weight reduction efficiency of the gases was found.     

Continuous formation of slurry ice by cooling water–oil emulsion in a tube

Water-silicone oil emulsion with an additive, (C₂H₅O)₃SiC₃H₆NH₂, was examined as a heat storage material. A spiral tube used as a heat exchanger was immersed in a low temperature bath and the emulsion was circulated in the tube to make ice continuously. Ice was separated from the ice–liquid suspension in an outlet tank. The amount of formed ice, the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger, and the temperatures in the tube wall were measured and the overall heat transfer coefficient and the heat flux through the tube were calculated. Experiments were carried out, varying the flow rate, the temperature of cooling brine, and the thickness of tube wall. The condition under which slurry ice was formed continuously without adhesion of ice to the cooling wall was clarified. Though decrease in the thermal resistance of the tube increased the rate of ice formation or raised the brine temperature, it narrowed the range of the flow rate and of the brine temperature in which slurry ice was formed continuously.     

液压同步剪系统的设计

本文通过对蜂窝陶瓷载体成型过程的分析，指出在其成型过程中存在的问题，提出了采用液压同步剪解决这些问题的方法。论文分析了同步剪的工作原理，给出了其液压原理图及其设计特点。     

腐植酸用于中央空调定期水质稳定处理

通过对腐植酸的应用试验 ,阐述了腐植酸有良好的阻垢、缓蚀性能 ,应用于中央空调循环水系统能取得良好的经济效益。     

填充料细度对水工沥青混凝土性能的影响

近年来沥青混凝土作为防渗材料，在我国水工建筑中得到了广泛应用。与道路工程的沥青混凝土不同的是，水工沥青混凝土具有良好的粘弹性及抗渗性。目前，国家规范对填充料的细度尚无明确规定，通过调整沥青混凝土的填充料细工，对沥青混凝土的各项性能进行了系统的试验和分析，研究表明：适宜的填充料细度及掺量，能有效地改善沥青混凝土性能，提高其抗渗性。     

Boundary-integral equation analysis of twisted internally cracked axisymmetric bimaterial elastic solids

 Green's function is obtained for the infinite bimaterial elastic solid, containing an internal circular interface crack, loaded by a unit tangential co-axial circular source. An axisymmetric direct boundary integral equation (BIE) is used for the analysis of a finite bimaterial axisymmetric body containing an internal circular interface crack and a finite homogeneous cracked cylinder, both under torsional loading. Using the proposed technique, no discretization of the crack surface is necessary. Numerical results for both examples as obtained by the proposed method are presented and discussed. Received: 29 October 2001 / Accepted: 29 May 2002