多重网格法在地球物理正反演应用研究中的进展

现阶段地球物理三维勘探面临越来越复杂的问题,其要求更精细的三维网格剖分,现有的一些方法随着网格节点的增加其收敛速度相应减慢。对于应用中更复杂实际模型、更细密网格剖分以及更快收敛速度要求,难于有进一步提高。要有所突破,需借助计算数学最新进展,引入新的高效算法。多重网格法是近二十年迅速发展的一种求解微分方程近乎最优的新算法。本文首先简单介绍了多重网格法基本原理和运算格式,着重介绍了当前国内外多重网格法在地球物理正反演中的应用成果和发展现状。此外,对多重网格法在地球物理正反演中的应用前景及发展趋势进行了展望。     

The role of wind-wave related processes in redistributing river-derived terrigenous sediments in Lake Turkana: A modelling study

A complete annual cycle of the dynamics of fine-grained sediment supplied by the Omo and smaller rivers is simulated for Lake Turkana, one of the world’s large lakes, with the hydrodynamic, wave and sediment transport model Delft3D. The model is forced with river liquid and solid discharge and wind data in order to simulate cohesive sediment transport and resuspension. It simulates stratification due to salinity, wave generation and dissipation, and sediment advection and resuspension by waves and currents, with multiple cohesive sediment fractions. A comparison of the simulation results with remotely-sensed imagery and with available in-situ sediment deposition rates validates the model. By devising simulation scenarios in which certain processes were switched on or off, we investigated the contribution of waves, wind-induced surface and bottom currents, salinity-induced stratification and river jet, in resuspending and transporting fine sediments in the lake basin. With only the wind or river influence, most of the sediment deposition occurs in the first 10 km off the Omo River mouth and at a depth < 10 m. When waves are switched on, increased bed shear stresses resuspend most of the fine sediments, that are then deposited further and deeper in the first 30 km, in water depths > 30 m. This study sheds new light on sediment transport in Lake Turkana and in great lakes in general, favouring the view that wind-waves can be the main agent that transports sediment away from river mouths and to deeper areas, as opposed to river-plume or gravity-driven transport.     

方波信号发生器及场效应管驱动器

本文介绍方波信号发生器及场效应管驱动器的原理与设计。实验证明,设计的方波信号发生器与场效应管驱动器工作稳定可靠,所研制的方波交流高频弧焊电源已成功地对薄钢板进行了焊接。     

基于高频地波雷达的无角度双站雷达目标跟踪算法

高频地波雷达对于远距离目标难以给出准确的方位角观测信息,从而严重影响超视距目标的跟踪精度。为此,提出一种基于高度参数化扩展卡尔曼滤波（HPEKF）的无角度双站雷达目标跟踪算法,仅需要2部雷达得到距离和径向速度信息。通过 HPEKF技术可以对目标进行三维定位与跟踪,忽略雷达量测的方位角信息,较好地弥补当目标距离较远时测量角度精度不够精确的问题,扩展了算法的应用环境。仿真实验结果验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

Development of a robot assisted carotid blood flow measurement system

The ultrasound diagnosis of the carotid artery is one of the most common non-invasive methods to detect early stage heart and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the precision and repetitiveness of the probe positioning depend exclusively on the operator's skills and dexterity. For this purpose, we propose the development of a robot assisted system to enhance the accuracy and repetitiveness of the probe positioning to measure the wave intensity (WI) index. In this paper, the Waseda-Tokyo Women's Medical-Aloka Blood Flow Measurement Robot System No. 2 Refined (WTA-2R) is presented. The WTA-2R consists of a conventional ultrasound diagnosis system, a 6-DOFs parallel link slave manipulator, a 6-DOFs serial link passive arm, and a master device. Experiments were carried out to verify its effectiveness in terms of accuracy and required time to perform the task. From the experimental results, the positioning accuracy and reduction of required time were confirmed.     

Decentralised control of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes based on wave front reconstruction

The behaviour of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes is described by the movement of concentration profiles through a circle of separation columns. A closed-loop control manipulates the profiles in order to meet demands concerning specified product purity and disturbance attenuation. If steep wave fronts of the concentration profiles occur, the controlled variables undergo fast changes in case of a transient of the process. In this case, a reconstruction of the wave fronts is necessary for a successful control.A simple and effective decentralised controller structure is proposed based on cascaded discrete-time PI controllers. On-line product purity measurements and the reconstructed wave fronts are used for control purposes. Two kinds of process models are used: a rigorous model for dynamic simulations, and strongly simplified plant models for the design of the wave front reconstruction and the controller. The latter models are identified based on experimental step tests with the reference plant and numerical simulations. The performance of the control system is evaluated by numerical simulations.     

基于EDA的方波三角波函数发生器设计及PCB制作

随着电子技术的迅猛发展,新技术革命的教学改革的不断深入,电子设计自动化技术运用而生,使得电子线路的设计人员能在计算机上完成电路的功能设计、逻辑设计、性能分析、时序测试直到印刷电路板的自动设计,提高了电工电子开发的效率和周期。本文就是利用Multisim8仿真设计一个方波三角波函数发生器的电路着手,介绍了仿真设计过程及生成网络表后再利用protel99SE的PCB制板过程。     

Empowering wave energy with control technology: Possibilities and pitfalls

With an increasing focus on climate action and energy security, an appropriate mix of renewable energy technologies is imperative. Despite having considerable global potential, wave energy has still not reached a state of maturity or economic competitiveness to have made an impact. Challenges include the high capital and operational costs associated with deployment in the harsh ocean environment, so it is imperative that the full energy harnessing capacity of wave energy devices, and arrays of devices in farms, is realised. To this end, control technology has an important role to play in maximising power capture, while ensuring that physical system constraints are respected, and control actions do not adversely affect device lifetime. Within the gamut of control technology, a variety of tools can be brought to bear on the wave energy control problem, including various control strategies (optimal, robust, nonlinear, etc.), data-based model identification, estimation, and forecasting. However, the wave energy problem displays a number of unique features which challenge the traditional application of these techniques, while also presenting a number of control ‘paradoxes’. This review articulates the important control-related characteristics of the wave energy control problem, provides a survey of currently applied control and control-related techniques, and gives some perspectives on the outstanding challenges and future possibilities. The emerging area of control co-design, which is especially relevant to the relatively immature area of wave energy system design, is also covered.     

Study on the Propagation Law of Shock Wave Pressure in Tunnels with Different Materials

The propagation of shock wave pressure in the tunnel is greatly affected by the tunnel structure, shape, material and other factors, and there are great differences in the propagation law of shock wave pressure in different kinds of tunnels. In order to study the propagation law of shock wave pressure in tunnels with different mate-rials, taking the long straight tunnel with the square section as an example, the AUTODYN software is used to simulate the explosion of TNT in the concrete, steel and granite tunnel, and study on the variation law of shock wave pressure in tunnels with different materials. By using dimensional analysis and combined with the results of numerical simulation, a mathematical model of the propagation law of shock wave pressure in the tunnel is established, and the effectiveness of the mathematical model is verified by making the explosion test of the warhead in the reinforce concrete tunnel. The results show that the same mass of TNT explodes in the tunnel with different materials, and the shock wave overpressure peak at the same measuring point is approximate in the near field. However, there is a significant difference in the middle-far fields from the explosion center, the shock wave overpressure peak in the steel tunnel is 20.76% and 34.82% higher than that of the concrete and the granite tunnel respectively, and the shock wave overpressure peak in the concrete tunnel is 24.91% higher than that in the granite tunnel. Through the experimental verification, getting the result that the maximum relative deviation between the measured value and the calculated value of the shock wave overpressure peak is 11.85%. Therefore, it is proved that the mathematical model can be used to predict the shock wave overpressure peak in the tunnel with different materials, and it can provide some reference for the power evaluation of warhead explosion in the tunnel.     

Arbitrary decay rate for two connected strings with joint anti-damping by boundary output feedback

In this paper, we are concerned with the boundary stabilization of two connected strings with middle joint anti-damping for which all eigenvalues of the (control) free system are located on the right complex plane. We first design an explicit state feedback controller to achieve exponential stability for the closed-loop system. Consequently, we design the output feedback by using infinite-dimensional observer. The backstepping approach is adopted in investigation. It is shown that by using one boundary stabilizer only, the output feedback can make the closed-loop system exponentially stable with arbitrary decay rate.