On the role of plastic deformation during the mild wear of alumina

Polycrystalline -alumina was worn against Mg-partially stabilized zirconia (Mg-PSZ), using water lubrication, a sliding speed of 0.24 m/s and a load of 10 N. Differential wear between grains (maximum 33 nm) and fine (0.3–1.9 μm diameter) abrasive grooves were found on the worn surface. TEM of back-thinned samples indicated widespread dislocation flow at the surface, heterogeneously distributed between grains, and largely associated with abrasive grooves. Those grains standing proud of the surface invariably contained extensive dislocation damage. The dominant slip system was pyramidal ( , , and ) although occasional basal slip was also found. No prism slip was observed. The pyramidal slip planes were concentrated at angles of 6–33° to the worn surface. Basal slip was frequently associated with basal twinning on planes at 72–73° to the worn surface. Dislocation pile-ups at grain boundaries often coincided with grain boundary cracking. The extent of damage from abrasive grooves varied from grain to grain and was dictated by crystallographic orientation more than the grain height. No evidence of mechanical damage was found in those grains that had suffered the highest wear, indicating that material removal had been controlled by tribochemical mechanisms. The origin of the differential wear between grains is considered and the implications of the experimental observations on the time-dependent transition to severe wear in aluminas are discussed.     

New adhesion measurement technique for coated cutting tool materials

Adhesion properties of wear resistant coatings on cutting tool materials are essential to their performance in technical applications. It is therefore necessary to characterize the coating adhesion by an appropriate measurement technique which reveals both critical adhesion values as well as information on time dependent debonding. In particular, a quantitative and reproducible technique is required rather than largely qualitative methods such as indent or scratch tests. In addition, for multilayer coatings, the location of the weakest interface is required to facilitate improvement of interfacial integrity. Accordingly a sandwich double cantilever beam (DCB) test was developed and used to measure the adhesion properties of coatings on cermets. Additionally, the structure of the coatings in the as fabricated state and after mechanical testings were characterized by optical microscopy, SEM and TEM. With quantitative adhesion measurements and investigations of the interface microstructure, a comprehensive characterization of coating adhesion on cutting toolmaterials was achieved.     

Micro-end-milling-I. Wear and breakage

Unpredictable tool life and premature tool failure are major problems in micro-machining. In this study, the failure mechanisms of micro-end-mills were studied during the machining of aluminum, graphite electrodes and mild steel workpieces. Hundreds of machining operations were performed, and the pictures of cutting edges were taken with a scanning electron microscope to identify fatigue and extensive stress-related failure mechanisms. Also, the cutting force variation was monitored, i.e. the relationship between the utilization-related changes at the tool structure (wear), and the outcomes (increasing cutting force which means raising stress on the tiny shaft). Inspection of the cutting force variation patterns of large numbers of micro-end-mills indicated that tool failure occurs with chip clogging, fatigue and wear-related excessive stress depending on the characteristics of the workpiece. Two tool breakage prediction methods were developed by considering the variation of the static part of the feed direction cutting force. These methods used segmental averages and wavelet transformation coefficients. The accuracy of the proposed approaches were tested with experimental data and the agreement between the predictions and actual observations are reported.     

中原油田文23气田气井腐蚀原因分析

采用ＸＲＤ,ＸＰＳ和ＥＰＭＡ对中原油田文２３－１,２３－８气井油管腐蚀产物和管材进行分析,并试验了碳钢在ＣＯ２介质中的腐蚀,研究结果表明,天然气中的ＣＯ２及凝析水是气井腐蚀的主要原因,管材的非金属夹杂物（ＭｎＳ,Ａｌ２Ｏ３）含量超标,是加速油管在ＣＯ２环境中局部腐蚀穿孔破坏的一原因,还探索了应用缓蚀剂防止气井ＣＯ２腐蚀的可能性。     

空分装置H100型空压机振动分析及处理

利用振动在线监测系统对空压机进行状态监测,同时结合工艺情况,应用频谱特征对空压机运行中的振动异常现象进行诊断分析,并提出处理措施,实现预知维修.     

机械强度学科发展趋势

综述2005年中国机械强度学科前沿研讨会所得出的学科发展趋势。根据30位与会专家学者的意见,归纳出5个前沿方向。它们分别是重大与先进机械结构及系统的强度可靠性与安全性、微一纳结构系统的强度与失效、复杂载荷与环境下结构的强度与失效、微细观结构强度与失效理论和先进智能的无损检测与早期诊断技术。     

轧辊表面修复与强化的技术途径

轧辊是轧机中的关键零件，其使用寿命直接影响到企业的经济效益，这里介绍了国内外轧辊表面修复与强化的几种技术。     

基于VEE的汽车电磁环境测试系统

为分析汽车电系电磁环境对汽车电子装置的干扰,研制了汽车电磁环境测试系统。该系统包括电磁环境实验台及测试子系统两部分。实验台部分包括汽车电系的主要电器元件,如发电机、点火系等,能够模拟汽车电系的各种主要干扰。测试子系统部分采用了基于VEE的虚拟仪器技术,包含有信号测试及分析模块。实际使用证明,该系统除了能够真实测试汽车内的电磁环境的测试外,还可以用于汽车电子产品早期的开发测试工作。     

对某自动驾驶仪可靠性增长的试验研究

对某自动驾驶仪可靠性增长工作进行研究,提出了对现役机载电子设备可靠性增长的一些成功、可借鉴的经验。对增长试验过程中发现的问题和管理方面的不足之处,提出一些建议。     

烧结炉中20g钢冷却管爆裂分析

对烧结炉中２０ｇ钢冷却管爆裂所进行的检验确认爆裂原因是冷却水量小及水质差引起堵塞，造成过热过烧。建议软化水质和改进冷却系统为解决途径。