纳米氧化铝粉体的特殊液相沉淀法制备

本文通过液相反应胶粒析出机理分析，首次采用快速高强度机械混合液相沉淀法技术制备了小粒径(平均2nm)无定型氢氧化铝纳米粉体。经1250℃焙烧，获得α相纳米氧化铝。在制备过程中，采用适当的混合强度和反应液浓度可加强浆料过滤性，从而大大节省时间，得到小粒径高温相纳米氧化铝粉体。     

不同分散剂对水系流延氧化铝基片的影响

研究了2种不同类型的分散剂对水系流延氧化铝基片的影响。研究发现：从浆料的分散性、所流延坯片的质量、烧结后基片的密度及其微观结构的比较，流延氧化铝浆料以聚丙烯酸（PAA）为分散剂明显优于以阿拉伯树胶为分散剂。以阿拉伯树胶为分散剂的浆料分散性较差，流延出的坯片生坯密度较低、坯片的柔软性较差，烧结后相对密度较低，同时，由于分散剂对塑化剂的影响，使得粘结剂PVA在浆料中没有凝胶化，从而在坯片上表面产生C富集层。     

反应溅射非晶态氧化铝薄膜SCIEI

研究了平面磁控直流反应溅射法沉积氧化铝薄膜的过程。结果表明氧分压大小对反应溅射过程有决定性作用,当氧分压增大或减小过程中存在两个阈值。氧分压小于阈值为金属Al溅射区,大于阈值为氧化铝溅射区。在阈值附近总气压、溅射电压和沉积速率发生突变,溅射特性(V-J)曲线有不同规律。沉积的氧化铝膜为非晶态,高温下可晶化,本文还讨论了反应溅射的机理。     

Effect of Powder Injection Location on Ceramic Coatings Properties When Using Plasma Spray

The effect of powder injecting location of the plasma spraying on spraying properties was studied. Three different powder-injecting methods were applied in the experiment. In the first method, the particles were axially injected into the plasma flow from the cathode tip. In the second method, the particles were radially injected into the plasma flow just downstream of the anode arc root inside the anode nozzle. In the third method, the particles were radially injected into the plasma jet at the nozzle exit. The alumina particles with a mean diameter of 20 μm were used to deposit coatings. Spraying properties, such as the deposition efficiency, the melting rate of the powder particles, and the coating quality were investigated. The results show that the spraying with axial particle injecting can heat and melt the powder particles more effectively, produce coatings with better quality, and have higher deposition efficiency. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

稀土氧化物La2O3/Y2O3增韧补强ZTA陶瓷材料及其耐磨性能研究

针对单一相ZrO_2增韧Al_2O_3(ZTA)陶瓷在提高韧性的同时不能合理兼顾其耐磨性能,利用稀土氧化物能促进复合陶瓷材料热压烧结的工艺特点,将La_2O_3/Y_2O_3添加到ZTA陶瓷材料中,XRD衍射图谱表明:La_2O_3/Y_2O_3的添加可以有效阻碍ZrO_2不稳态晶型相变,促进介稳态t-ZrO_2的形成。当添加量为4%(质量分数)时,烧结后晶粒分布最为均匀,致密程度高,其维氏硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性分别比相应未添加稀土氧化物的ZTA材料提高了8%、21%、33%,且La_2O_3与Al_2O_3会发生原位反应生成片状LaAl_(11)O_(18),这种片晶不仅可以阻碍Al_2O_3、ZrO_2颗粒长大,还可通过晶粒拔出等增韧机制提高材料韧性。摩擦磨损试验结果表明:稀土氧化物的添加能提高ZTA陶瓷材料的耐磨性能,添加量为4%时其磨损率最低。     

Al_2O_3弥散强化铜棒材高温力学性能与软化行为研究

研究了ODS15、ODS20和ODS60三种Al_2O_3弥散强化铜棒材在650℃下保温1 min和15 min的高温力学性能,并依据ISO5182对ODS60弥散强化铜棒材的硬度、抗拉强度、屈服强度、软化行为进行研究。结果表明,铝含量不同的三种弥散强化铜棒材在650℃保温1 min与保温15 min的高温强度基本一致;随着铝含量的增加,高温强度随之升高;ODS60弥散强化铜硬度、屈服强度、抗拉强度的软化温度分别为970℃、950~960℃、960~970℃。     

Al2O3基陶瓷材料增韧的研究进展

Al_2O_3基陶瓷材料具有高的化学稳定性,有较好的应用前景,但其脆性限制了它的推广应用,对氧化铝陶瓷进行增韧是解决其脆性问题的一条重要途径。简要介绍了目前氧化铝陶瓷的增韧方法和增韧机理,综述了氧化铝陶瓷增韧的研究现状,分析了氧化铝陶瓷增韧研究中存在的主要问题,展望了氧化铝陶瓷增韧的发展方向,提出了原位生长及复合增韧是高性能Al_2O_3基陶瓷材料的研究重点。     

Energy coupled to matter for magnetic alignment of rare earth–doped alumina

Energy coupled to matter (ECM) concepts such as magnetic field–assisted processing were used to align rare earth–doped alumina ceramics in the presence of applied fields. The addition of gadolinium and ytterbium dopants to alumina increased the magnetic susceptibility anisotropies, and induced magnetic torques that led to significant alignment of ceramic particles under the application of magnetic fields as low as 1.8?T. In comparison, undoped alumina materials showed minimal alignment under applied field strengths as high as 9?T. Density function theory modeling indicated that the specific dopant type dictated changes in the magnetic properties of different rare earth–doped alumina systems by directly affecting the magnetic moment localization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy.     

Template‐Free Fabrication of Mesoporous Alumina Nanospheres Using Post‐Synthesis Water‐Ethanol Treatment of Monodispersed Aluminium Glycerate Nanospheres for Molybdenum Adsorption

This work reports the template‐free fabrication of mesoporous Al₂O₃ nanospheres with greatly enhanced textural characteristics through a newly developed post‐synthesis “water‐ethanol” treatment of aluminium glycerate nanospheres followed by high temperature calcination. The proposed “water‐ethanol” treatment is highly advantageous as the resulting mesoporous Al₂O₃ nanospheres exhibit 2–4 times higher surface area (up to 251 m² g^?1), narrower pore size distribution, and significantly lower crystallization temperature than those obtained without any post‐synthesis treatment. To demonstrate the generality of the proposed strategy, a nearly identical post‐synthesis “water treatment” method is successfully used to prepare mesoporous monometallic (e.g., manganese oxide (MnO₂)) and bimetallic oxide (e.g., CuCo₂O₄ and MnCo₂O₄) nanospheres assembled of nanosheets or nanoplates with highly enhanced textural characteristics from the corresponding monometallic and bimetallic glycerate nanospheres, respectively. When evaluated as molybdenum (Mo) adsorbents for potential use in molybdenum‐99/technetium‐99m (⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc) generators, the treated mesoporous Al₂O₃ nanospheres display higher molybdenum adsorption performance than non‐treated Al₂O₃ nanospheres and commercial Al₂O₃, thereby suggesting the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for improving the functional performance of oxide materials. It is expected that the proposed method can be utilized to prepare other mesoporous metal oxides with enhanced textural characteristics and functional performance.     

铜蒸气激光器的热设计

本文系统阐述了铜蒸气激光器的设计过程.在大量实验资料的基础上,给出了激光器放电管尺寸、输入功率密度的选择原则,通过分析放电管内气体温度分布、激光管径向热导损耗,建立了一套确定保温层厚度的方法.分析了光束"黑心"的原因,进而提出了解决途径.以上的设计思想在我们新近研制5W器件上得到验证.